Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions, and chemical reagents
2004
Kariwa, H. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Fujii, N. | Takashima, I.
The efficacy of several povidone-iodine (PVP-I) products, a number of other chemical agents, and various physical conditions were evaluated for their ability to inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Treatment of SARS-CoV with PVP-I products for 2 min reduced the virus infectivity from 1.17 x 10**6 TCID sub(50)/ml to below the detectable level. The efficacy of 70% ethanol was equivalent to that of PVP-I products. Fixation of SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells with a fixative including formalin, glutaraldehyde, methanol, and acetone for 5 min or longer eliminated all infectivity. Heating the virus at 56 deg C for 5 min dramatically reduced the infectivity of the virus from 2.6 x 10**7 to 40 TCID sub(50)/ml, whereas heating the virus for 60 min or longer eliminated all infectivity. Irradiation with ultraviolet light at 134MicroW/square cm for 15 min reduced the infectivity from 3.8 x 10**7 to 180 TCID sub(50)/ml; however, prolonged irradiation (60 min) failed to eliminate the remaining virus, leaving 18.8 TCID sub(50)/ml. We believe that these findings will be useful for the implementation of infection contiol measures against SARS, and for the establishment of effective guidelines for the prevention of SARS outbreaks.
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