Investigation of histological structures of liver of fattening broiler chickens after application of concentrate of E and F vitamins produced on the basis of rapeseed oil was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus in order to evaluate their efficiency for prophylaxis of massive hepatic necrosis. Research results showed that application of the vitamins on the basis of rapeseed oil promoted the support of structural properties of hepatic cells that proved their higher antioxidant efficiency in comparison with synthetic vitamin analogues

Data confirming a significant influence of potato (Solanum tuberosum) variety on increasing the efficiency on potato growing was analyzed in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. A method for erythrocyte fixation intended for hemagglutination inhibition test through the use of 50% solutions of formalin (the identical volume of the isotonic solution of sodium chloride was added to 40% solution of formaldehyde). Fixing of erythrocytes was spent at room temperature within 48 hours with the subsequent six-fold washing up by their sterile isotonic solution of sodium chloride by means of centrifuging. Stabilized by the presented method erythrocytes were stored at 4 deg С up to one year (supervision term) in course of which they were completely suitable as a component of reaction with preservation of its sensitivity and specificity. Thus, as a result of realized research there were made the following conclusions: for fixation of erythrocytes, intended for statement of hemagglutination inhibition test it was possible to use a solution of formaldehyde. Fixed in such a way erythrocytes preserved the capability for hemagglutination by influenza virus in the hemagglutination inhibition reaction in course of one year. Arrangement of hemagglutination inhibition reaction by means of application of fixed erythrocytes made it possible to realize an authentic serological diagnostics of pig influenza. | Способ стабилизации эритроцитов, предназначенных для постановки реакции задержки (торможения) гемагглютинации, основан на фиксации полученных из крови эритроцитов равным объемом 50%-ного раствора формалина (к 40%-ному раствору формальдегида добавляют одинаковый объем изотонического раствора натрия хлорида). Фиксация эритроцитов проводится при комнатной температуре в течение 48 часов с последующим шестикратным отмыванием их стерильным изотоническим раствором натрия хлорида путем центрифугирования. Стабилизированные таким образом эритроциты хранят при 4 градусах по Цельсию до одного года (срок наблюдения), в течение которого они полностью пригодны в качестве компонента реакции с сохранением ee чувствительности и специфичности. Таким образом, в результате исследований сделаны следующие выводы: Для фиксации эритроцитов, предназначенных для постановки реакции задержки (торможения) гемагглютинации возможно использование раствора формальдегида. Фиксированные таким образом эритроциты сохраняют способность к гемагглютинации вирусом гриппа в реакции задержки гемагглютинации в течение одного года. Постановка реакции задержки гемагглютинации с использованием фиксированных эритроцитов дает возможность достоверной серологической диагностики гриппа свиней.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a determination of an optimal time for cow insemination with the help of oestrus detector by Draminsky's method. In course of the experiment there were used black-and-white nonpregnant cows at the stage of oestrus (sexual heat). In course of the study there were used clinical, biochemical and hematological research methods. Dynamics of changing of estrous cycle slime depending on a day of sexual cycle was analyzed. Indexes of the reproductive function of cows in experimental and control groups were compared. Research results showed that revelation of cows with oestrus with the help of oestrus detector by Draminsky's proved to be efficient and informative. Insemination of animals at the stage when the resisting of oestrus mucilage after the minimal indexes (180-200) rose sharply up to the indexes 300-320 proved to be efiicient. This made it possible to realize single insemination of animals.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized clinical, biochemical, pathological-anatomical and histologic analysis of the efficiency of the national Tsinkovet (Zincovet) preparation doses in cases of experimental liver dystrophy caused by tetrachloromethane of white mice. For the modeling of toxic hepato-dystrophy there was applied tetrachloride carbon. Five tested and 2 controlled groups of scrub white mice were prepared. There were 23-29 mice in each group. Weight of mouse was 18 – 20 g. Conditions of feeding and keeping were the same in each group. 181 mice were used in the test. 5 ml/ kg of carbon tetrachloride was entered subdermal to tested group and the first controlled group mice once a day two days along. Tested dozes were estimated based on preparation toxicity. Maximum doze was 3 mg in 0,5 ml of distilled water for one mouse (1-st group - 3 mg, 2-nd group - 2, 75 mg, 4-th group - 2, 25 mg and 5-th group - 2 mg). Mice mortality was noticed during the experiment. Results of influence of different doses of the studied preparation on liver specific weight and variations of body mass were presented. Activity of amplifiers (succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine-aminotransferase (GPT) in blood serum of mice after administration of tetrachloromethane and Tsinkovet preparation was analyzed. Drawings of liver acinus of hepatic steatosis were given. Research results proved that the analyzed zinc containing preparation substantially lowered the toxic action of tetrachloromethane and promoted the regeneration of liver cells

Realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus experimental infestation of American mink with monoinvasion of Strongyloides martis and parasitocoenoses of Strongyloides martis and Eimeria vison caused significant changes of hematological blood indices. Associations of the nematodes and coccids caused more intensive changes of blood morphological composition in comparison with monoinfection. The level of hemoglobin and erythrocytes at monoinvasion decreased on 18,8 % (р less than 0.05) and 23,3 % (р less than 0.05); in the conditions of an associative form - on 19,1 % (р less than 0.05)) and 31,4%, respectively; at the same time the quantity of leukocytes increased at monoinvasion on 41,3 % (р less than 0.05)), at the associative form - on 54,2 % (р less than 0.05)). In leucogram there were stated an eosonophilia and netrofilia.

There was studied the efficiency of a preparation Aquamed and 0,037% sodium hypochlorite at calve bronchopneumonia and their comparative characteristic. Besides the main task decision - elimination of the reasons of animal disease and occurrence of exogenic and endogenic intoxication - application of the preparations normalizing functioning of bodies and systems, neutralized and deducing of organism alien substances, use of the substances modelling natural mechanisms of increase of protective forces is required. One of such perspective means is use of the solution Aquamed received by electrochemical method on an installation Aquamed. Analogue to the solution Aquamed is the sodium preparation hypochlorite 0,037% which received on the installations EDO-4. However application of the given preparation is limited to high cost of the device for its manufacture (EDO-4). This device is made in Russian Federation, has a high cost that creates certain problems with its purchase by economy of Belarus. Therefore in Belarus (Gomel) manufacture of the domestic device for electroactivation of water and reception of electroactivated solutions Aquamed is adjusted. The given working out is protected by the patent for the invention. Analyzing results, it is possible to draw a conclusion, that the preparation Aquamed renders positive therapeutic effect at calve bronchopneumonia control. Application of the installation Aquamed is more accessible and cheap way of preparation and application of solutions of sodium hypochlorite, along with analogues. | Целью исследования было изучение терапевтической эффективности препарата Аквамед и натрия гипохлорита 0,037% при бронхопневмонии телят и их сравнительная характеристика. Помимо решения главной задачи - недопущения и устранения причин заболеваемости животных и возникновения у них экзогенной и эндогенной интоксикации организма - требуется применение препаратов, нормализующих функционирование органов и систем, нейтрализующих и выводящих из организма чужеродные вещества, использование веществ, моделирующих естественные механизмы повышения защитных сил. Одним из таких перспективных средств является использование раствора Аквамед, полученного электрохимическим путем на установке Аквамед. Аналогом раствору Аквамед является препарат натрия гипохлорит 0,037%, который получают на установках ЭДО-4. Однако применение данного препарата ограничивается высокой стоимостью аппарата для его производства (ЭДО-4). Этот аппарат производится в Российской Федерации, имеет высокую стоимость, что создает определенные проблемы с его закупкой хозяйствами Беларуси. Поэтому в Республике Беларусь (г.Гомель) налажено производство отечественного аппарата для электроактивации воды и получения электроактивированных растворов Аквамед. Данная разработка защищена патентом на изобретение. Анализируя результаты, можно сделать вывод, что препарат Аквамед оказывает положительный терапевтический эффект при борьбе с бронхопневмонией. Применение установки Аквамед является более доступным и дешевым способом приготовления и применения растворов натрия гипохлорита, наряду с аналогами.

The work purpose - search of indirect tests system for diagnostics of energy deficiency of sows, interrelation studying of energy deficiency, the states of sows health and their efficiency. As a result of the spent research it is established, that the energy deficient state develops in the final pregnant period at sows. At occurrence of the energy deficient state at sows adaptation disorders develop; the energy deficient state of sows are characterizing of decreasing in the blood concentration of glucose on 33,3%, triglycerides - on 69,2%, phospholipids - on 26,0% and simultaneous increase in concentration of lactic acid at 30,4% and ketone bodies - on 30,8%; development of the energy deficient state at sows leads to duration increase of guard rail on 48,3%, to increase in an issue of quantity of deadborn pigs in 8 times, physiologically unripe in 5,5 times, to decrease in weight of a nest on 8,6%; the revealed correlation interdependence of biochemical indicators of sow blood and their economic indicators allow to use content definition in glucose blood, triglycerides, phospholipids, lactic acid and ketone bodies as diagnostic markers of the energy deficient state. In the tabular form the indicators of carbohydrate and lipidic exchange in sow blood at diagnostics of the energy deficient state, some economic indicators of sows, correlation factors between economic indicators and results of biochemical research of sow blood are presented. | Цель работы - поиск системы косвенных тестов для диагностики энергодефицитов свиноматок, изучение взаимосвязи энергодефицитов, состояния здоровья свиноматок и их продуктивности были основными задачами нашей работы. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что в заключительный период супоросности у свиноматок развиваются энергодефицитные состояния. При возникновении энергодефицитных состояний у свиноматок возникают нарушения адаптации; энергодефицитные состояния у свиноматок проявляются снижением содержания в крови глюкозы на 33,3%, ТГ - на 69,2%, ФЛ - на 26,0% и одновременным увеличением концентраций МК на 30,4% и КТ - на 30,8%; развитие энергодефицита у свиноматок приводит к увеличению продолжительности опороса на 48,3%, увеличению в приплоде количества мертворождённых поросят в 8 раз, физиологически незрелых в 5,5 раза, снижению массы гнезда на 8,6%; выявленные корреляционные взаимозависимости биохимических показателей крови свиноматок и их хозяйственных показателей позволяют использовать определение содержания в крови глюкозы, ТГ, ФЛ, МК и КТ в качестве диагностических маркеров энергодефицитов. В табличной форме представлены показатели углеводного и липидного обмена в крови свиноматок при диагностике энергодефицита, некоторые хозяйственные показатели свиноматок, коэффициенты корреляции между хозяйственными показателями и результатами биохимических исследований крови свиноматок.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were studied the biochemical changes in blood of cows with chronic dystrophic processes in liver by an example of fatty hepatodystrophy. There was given an estimation of these changes taking into account animal physiological state (pregnancy). The metabolic profile including the enzymatic block from aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, serum albumin, total cholesterin, total bilirubin and thymol test can be used in clinical and biochemical diagnostics in case of hepatic steatosis. Its changes in case of hepatic steatosis were characteriszed by increase in activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, decrease in activity of cholinesterase, decrease in blood serum of albumins concentration, increase in general cholesterol and high values of thymol tests. Determination of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase influence and flocculation test on apo-beta-lipoproteins showed that they should not be included in this complex due to their small information content. In the process of estimation of changes of a metabolic profile of blood serum it wasnecessary to consider the physiological state of animals (pregnancy) because the activity of some enzymes and metabolite concentration at them could essentially differ. Taking into consideration the character of hepatic steatosis course, the studied metabolic profile can be recommended for hyposthenic current chronic activity with the considerable involvement degree of hepatocytes into the process.

There were studied the most effective methods of diagnostics of genital forms of clamidiosis at cows in pregnancy, calving and the postnatal period. The description is resulted and the estimation is given methods of laboratory diagnostics, serological methods, a method of light microscopy, immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassay, chlamydia allocation method on laboratory models, complement linkage reaction, hemagglutination reaction, a method of polymerase chain reaction. As a result of complex use of reaction of complement linkage reaction, on the basis of the analysis of clinical and histologic research, studying of a condition of immune system and nonspecific resistance of an organism it is possible to carry out successfully diagnostics of genital forms of clamidiosis at cows. | Целью исследований явилось изучение наиболее эффективных методов диагностики генитальной формы хламидиоза у коров в период беременности, ca и послеродового периода. Приведено описание и дана оценка методам лабораторной диагностики, серологическим методам, методу световой микроскопии, иммунофлюоресценции, иммуноферментному анализу, методу выделения хламидии на лабораторных моделях, реакции связывания комплемента, реакции гемагглютинации, методу полимеразной цепной реакции. В результате комплексного использования реакции связывания комплемента (РДСК), на основании анализа клинических и гистологических исследований, изучения состояния иммунной системы и неспецифической резистентности организма можно успешно проводить диагностику генитальной формы хламидиоза у коров.