Pediculosis capitis is an ectoparasitic disease that lives on the human scalp and caused by Pediculus humanus capitis. This incident is categorized as a neglected case, but the impact is quite significant. The incident can give a negative impact, including physical, psychological, social and school perceptions or learning impairment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the incidence of pediculosis capitis with the quality of life of female students of Madrasah Ulumul Quran Sigli. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were collected by the total sampling method. The results obtained from 155 respondents who met the inclusion criteria found that 124 respondents (80%) had pediculosis capitis and 31 respondents (20%) with no pediculosis capitis. Statistical analysis using the chi square test obtained a p value of 0.000 (0.05). The conclusion was found that there was a relationship between the incidence of pediculosis capitis and the quality of life of female students of Madrasah Ulumul Quran Sigli.

Parkinson's is a neurological disease that is rapidly increasing to surpass Alzheimer's disease. Parkinson's disease causes a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons, which can lead to disturbances in attention, memory, and motivation. Damage to dopaminergic nerve cells is caused by increased free radicals (ROS) levels in tissues and cells, thus inducing cell death signals. This study aims to determine whether red palm oil affects the acute level of Parkinson's syndrome in rats induced with paraquat. This study uses the BEAM and Cylinder tests to measure the effect of red palm oil because one of the alternative therapies for neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson's is red palm oil. The treatment was administered to paraquat-induced rats with injections given weekly for four weeks. Carotenoids are present in red palm oil at concentrations of 600 to 1000 ppm and are thought to have neuroprotective properties. As many as 30 rats were divided into three groups: K (control), PQT (paraquat 7 mg/kg body weight), and PQT+MSM (paraquat 7 mg/kg body weight + 2 ml of red palm oil). The data were then checked using the normality test Shapiro-Wilk and analyzed statistically using One-way ANOVA. The Cylinder and Beam tests were significant, with a P value of 0.00. Parkinsonian rats receiving red palm oil at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight per week for four weeks showed improved motor function compared to those receiving only paraquat. The group with red palm oil had a lower beam test value. This indicates motor improvement in Parkinson's model rats. Similarly, the cylinder test showed higher performance in the group treated with red palm oil. Based on this, it can be concluded that red palm oil influences the motor movements of Parkinson's rats. The beam test and cylinder test methods prove this. Red palm oil could decrease the acute level of motor impairments in rats with Parkinson's induced by paraquat.

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is the ability of microbes to inhibit treatment effects triggered by overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics in poultry farms. This study aims to get an overview of the risk factors of AMR. A total of 41 E. coli isolated from caecum in poultry slaughterhouses derived from broiler chicken farms in Medan and Deli Serdang. The sample was tested for AMR using the Microbroth Dilution technique (Sensititre Microplate) with standards CLSI VET01S (2015) and CLSI M100. Information on risk factors was taken from farms using a questionnaire and analyzed with a logistic regression model (EPI Info 7 CDC). The result for sensitivity to 13 types of antibiotics showed that Trimethoprim had the highest resistance (95.1%), followed by ampicillin (90.2%), gentamicin (87.8%), nalidixide acid (85.4%), cefotaxime (82.9%), and sulfamethoxazole (82.9%). In contrast, colistin and meropenem have not shown resistance. As much as 92.7% of E. coli isolates had experienced Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR), which showed AMR to more than two antibiotic groups. The risk factor of farmer knowledge about AMR was associated with the MDR of E. coli. AMR requires the coordination of the stakeholders to carry out socialization and educate farmers in providing appropriate knowledge and using antibiotics wisely.

An intact female tabby Persian cat, 26-month-old, was brought to IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital on the 21st of February, 2023, due to vaginal discharge, inappetence, and lethargy. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen, mammary gland enlargement, and fever (40.1 C). The heart and respiratory rates were 128 beats per minute and 32 times per minute, respectively. The patient body weight was 3.87 kg. The veterinarian palpated masses inside the abdominal cavity and observed obvious purulent and haemorrhagic vaginal discharge. Haematology showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and the eosinophil percentage of white blood cells was increased (eosinophilia). Blood chemistry analysis showed hyperglycaemia. Ultrasonography showed two hyperechoic masses inside two hypoechoic pouches in the queens uterus, suspected as two dead foetuses (no heartbeat). Roentgen revealed abnormalities in the vena cava caudalis, bronchial pattern in the lung, radioopaque masses in the ventral abdomen, radio-opacity changes in the small and large intestines, and abnormalities in the spleen. The patients diagnosis was pyometra, and ovariohysterectomy surgery was performed on the patient. The patient was treated with additional medicines (antibiotics and others) according to the symptoms. The patients symptoms disappeared, except for the fluctuating febrile and pale mucous membrane. A blood smear performed on the 1st of March 2023 revealed Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum) in the white blood cells, and immediately doxycycline treatment (10 mg/kg body weight, twice daily) was given. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 14th of March, 2023, with no febrile or other symptoms reported. This case is the first report of open cervix-type pyometra and anaplasmosis co-occurrence in a Persian cat from IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Indonesia.

This study examined the colostrum nutritive composition, immunoglobulin (Ig), and microbial community in Holstein and Jersey dairy cows according to the time after calving. The experiment used seven Holstein and three Jersey dairy cows. Colostrum was collected immediately after calf calving, 12, and 24 hours, and stored at −80°C until analysis. An analysis of the nutritive composition in colostrum was performed using LactoScop. The immune indicators were analyzed using an ELISA Kit, and the microbial community was assessed using a Macrogen Inc. The protein level was high in all colostrum samples from Holstein dairy cows compared with Jersey dairy cows, but there was no significant difference according to the time after calving. Immune index analysis revealed high IgG and IgA concentrations in the colostrum of Holstein cows immediately after calving and 12 and 24 hours after calving, but the differences were not significant. The microbial community at the genus level revealed Staphylococcus to be predominant at a high rate in the colostrum of Holstein dairy cows and Enterococcus in Jersey dairy cows 12 hours after calving. Pseudomonas was predominant at a high rate in the colostrum of Jersey lactating cows immediately and 12 hours after calving. Chryseobacterium was predominant at a high rate in Holstein dairy cows 12 and 24 hours after calving. In conclusion, these results are expected to be used as research data on the correlation between quality, immunity, and microbial community in the colostrum.

Autologous pericardial tissues are utilized in veterinary cardiovascular surgeries due to their accessibility and effectiveness. To enhance handling and biomechanical properties, glutaraldehyde (GA) fixation is applied. However, GA fixation can induce calcification, leading to tissue failure. This study aimed to establish an optimal rapid anti-calcification protocol by integrating ethanol treatment with the proven effective GA concentration and fixation time, facilitating application from collection to utilization. Pericardia were fixed with 0.625% GA for 20 min and subjected to ethanol treatment for 0 (group A, control), 20 (group B), and 30 minutes (group C). The treated tissues underwent mechanical test and were implanted subcutaneously in 3-week-old male rats for 7 weeks before extraction, followed by calcium analysis and histological examination via hematoxylin and eosin staining. No significant differences in mechanical properties were observed among the groups. The ethanol-treated groups (groups B and C; p < 0.05) exhibited significantly lower calcium levels than control (group A). Microscopy confirmed collagen and elastic fibers preservation, without significant immune cell variance. However, higher fibrocyte presence was noted in the ethanol-treated groups. This study presents a rapid anti-calcification protocol combining ethanol treatment with optimal GA fixation, suitable for direct surgical use of autologous tissues. Further research is necessary for long-term efficacy evaluation.

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a degenerative disease of the valve leaflets, causing left atrial dilatation and eccentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle by hemodynamic instability. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a hematologic parameter that indicates the variation of red blood cell volume and size, reflecting anisocytosis. Human studies have found that anisocytosis is associated with poor prognosis in heart disease patients, and recent veterinary studies have also confirmed that the increase in RDW is associated with high mortality in MMVD patients. Medical records of 37 Maltese dogs with MMVD were retrospectively reviewed. When comparing RDW among the MMVD stage groups, there was a significant difference between stage B1, B2 and C. A significant and strong correlation between RDW and the left atrial-to-aortic ratio was identified. RDW was significantly correlated with the reticulocyte count independent of hematocrit, and the reticulocyte count exhibited a significant increase at stage C. This suggests that the congestive heart failure secondary to MMVD could be a contributory factor leading to an elevation in RDW. In conclusion, elevated RDW may associated with left atrial enlargement and progression of MMVD.

A 7-year-old castrated male Persian cat presented with a cutaneous mass and an increase in serum amyloid A concentration. Fine needle aspirates of the mass indicated lymphoma, which was also the top differential diagnosis on histopathologic examinations. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells tested negative for anti-CD3, PAX5, CD20, and c-Kit, but positive for MUM1, CD79α, and CD138, suggesting extramedullary plasmacytoma. There were tumor-infiltrating non-neoplastic CD3⁺ T and PAX5⁺ B cells. Practitioners should be aware of feline plasmacytoma characterized by lymphoma-like cytologic and histologic features. The present study is valuable in providing the first clinical evidence that proves the immunogenicity of feline plasmacytoma.

The global increase in livestock production has correspondingly intensified farm odors due to harmful bacteria, reduced immunity, and disease progression. In this study, we treated feces with Biomagic-Enzyme complex for 4 months to understand the relationship between farm odor, immunity against common viral diseases, immune cytokines, and changes in the microbiota. A gas meter (MultiRAE) was used to measure ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) while odor intensity and offensiveness were characterized by the non-objective scaling method. A complete blood count was performed and plasma was obtained after blood centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 20 minutes. The cytokine profile was evaluated using commercial kits. Microbial DNA was extracted and purified from fecal samples to analyze the microbiota. Microbial DNA and viral RNA/DNA were obtained from fecal samples and amplified to determine the expression of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Our results indicated that Biomagic reduced odor nuisance by decreasing ammonia levels, resulting in faint and fairly offensive odor intensity. After the enzyme treatment, Escherichia coli populations significantly reduced across all 3 farms. In contrast, beneficial Lactobacillus spp. levels remained stable, indicating the enzyme selectively targeted harmful bacteria while preserving beneficial ones. The beneficial Lachnospiraceae, Spirochaetaceae, and Bacteroidaceae were found to be higher in the third month of treatment. TGEV was not detected, while PRRS and non-pathogenic PCV2 showed a positive infection rate. In conclusion, Biomagic reduced ammonia, prevented viral infection from pig farms, and improved gut-beneficial bacteria and microbiota.