The culture of the giant Malaysian prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, has been recently introduced in Argentina where some tests are carried out, both by the public and private organization. The culture and rearing of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii consists of two phases: the obtainment of larvae from ovate females, and the development and fattening of these postlarvae until they reach a commercial size. Because the need of brackish water for the first phase, many culturists work only on the second phase, i.e., the final production. The complete cycle, from the ovate female to the final harvest, lasts between 6 and 8 months. The most important elements to be taken into account in the M. rosenbergii culture is water quality, controlling the pH, salitness, temperature, NH3 content, dissolved oxygen and turbidness. The processing depends on the requeriments of the chosen markets. They can be sold complete or only the tails, fresh, frozen or peeled. | El cultivo del camaron gigante de la Malasia, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, ha sido recientemente introducido en la Argentina donde se llevan a cabo experiencias a nivel estatal y privado. El cultivo y la cria de este crustaceo consta de 2 etapas: la obtencion de larvas a partir de madres ovadas, y el desarrollo y engorde de estas postlarvas hasta obtener un tamano comercial. Debido a la necesidad de agua salada para la 1ra etapa, muchas camaroneras se dedican a la realizacion de la 2da etapa solamente, es decir, a la produccion final. El ciclo completo desde la madre ovada hasta la cosecha final dura entre 6 a 8 meses. Dentro de los puntos criticos a controlar en el trabajo de una granja acuatica de cultivo de M. rosenbergii esta el cuidado de la calidad del agua, verificando el pH, la salinidad, temperatura, oxigeno disuelto, contenido de NH3 y turbidez. El procesado del camaron depende de la exigencia de los mercados elegidos. Se pueden vender enteros o solamente las colas, frescos, congelados o pelados.

The purpose of the present research was to study the drought effect, on the hybrid maize AN- 310 and its progenitors and to determine the plant internal water relation. The research was carried out in 1991 in the CIFAP-Aguascalientes Mexico, in a glass fiver green house at 25 C and 50% relative moisture. The drought levels were -1, -4, -6 and -8 bares into plant water potential at the 5:00 a.m. The results were: i.- the water relative content was the best indicator of the plant internal water relation, because of a high correlation with the water potential (r=0.82), leaf elongation (r=0.85) and net transpiration rate (r=0.73); ii.- all genotipes ceased the leaf elongation and net transpiration rate at water potential of -8 bars; iii.- the AN-310 hybrid was the genotype with higher leaf elongation and net rate transpiration; iv.- the VS-201M and AN(2) genotypes were who gave the drought tolerance characteristic of the AN-310. | El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de la sequia sobre el hibrido de maiz AN-310 y sus progenitores y determinar en estos las relaciones internas de agua en la planta. El trabajo se desarrollo en 1991 en el CIFAP-Aguascalientes, en un invernadero de fibra de vidrio a una temperatura de 25 C y una humedad relativa del 50(%). Los tratamientos de sequia fueron -1, -4, -6 y -8 bares de potencial hidrico en la planta a las 5:00 a.m. Los resultados fueron: i.- el contenido relativo de agua fue el mejor indicador de las relaciones internas de agua en la planta, correlacionando con el potencial hidrico (r = 0.82), elongacion de la hoja (r=0.85) y tasa transpiratoria (r=0.73); ii.- a h de -8 bares cesa la elongacion de hoja y tasa transpiratoria; iii.- el hibrido AN-310 fue el genotipo que presento mayor elongacion de hoja y tasa transpiratoria; iv.- los genotipos VS-201M y AN(2) fueron los donadores de las caracteristicas de tolerancia a sequia del AN-310.

Para o estudo da viabilidade do Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) para processamento tecnológico, foram testados os processos de defumação, salga e secagem e enlatamento. Analisou-se também a farinha dos resíduos. Utilizou-se peixes provenientes de tanques de piscicultura do município de Piracicaba-SP e o produto final foi avaliado para o consumo na merenda escolar municipal. Foram feitas análises quanto aos teores de lipídeos, umidade, proteína e cinza. Os produtos processados por salga, defumação e enlatamento foram analisados também quanto ao teor de sal (NaCl); os defumados e enlatados foram submetidos a análise sensorial com avaliação de aparência, cor, aroma, sabor e textura. O pacu "in natura", defumado, salgado seco e enlatado apresentou, em porcentagem, respectivamente, 18,99; 23,80; 52,53; 18,59 de proteína, 3,79; 2,69; 18,31; 14,34 de lipídeos e 1,82; 3,13; 17,76; 2,79 de cinza. Para o pacu enlatado 56% e 33% dos degustadores o classificaram como um produto de excelente e bom sabor. O pacu defumado foi classificado como de excelente sabor por 25% dos provadores e de bom sabor por 55%. | "Pacu" (Piaractus mesopotamicus), a freshwater fish, was used with the purpose of studying its quality when smoked, salted and dried, and canned. Waste flour was also analysed. Fish from a fish farm of Piracicaba,SP was used. The intended final use was children's school meal. The results of the analysis of the final products for moisture, protein, lipids, ash and NaCl, in percent, were, respectively, 11.36; 52.53; 18.31; 17.76; 16.25 for the salted and dried fish; 70.25; 23.80; 2.69; 3.13; 1.17 for smoked fish; 62.19; 18.59; 14.34; 2.79; 1.29 for canned fish and 15.73; 42.94; 20.91; 20.42 (NaCl not available) for the waste flour. The smoked and the canned fishes were submitted to taste panels. For the canned product the results were: aspect in the can: 89% excellent and 11% good; aspect on plate: 56% excellent and 44% good; odor: 67% excellent and 33% good; taste: 56% excellent, 33% good and 11% regular and texture: 22% excellent, 56% good and 22% regular (none of the above got the not acceptable note). For the smoked fish the results were, aspect: 45% excellent and 55% good; odor: 35% excellent, 60% good and 5% regular; taste: 25% excellent, 55% good and 20% regular and texture: 50% excellent and 50% good (none got not acceptable grade).

En el altiplano Potosino-Zacatecano, el 93 % de la superficie agricola es de secano, con una precipitacion media anual entre 350 y 600 mm. Bajo estas condiciones se llevo a cabo este trabajo, con la finalidad de evaluar los cultivos siguientes: avena (cv. Tarahumara), cebada (cv. Cerro Prieto), frijol (cv. criollo Bayo Gordo), maiz (cv. criollo Pipitillo), asociacion maiz-calabaza (cv. criollo de Castilla) y asociacion maiz-frijol por su eficiencia en uso de agua (EUA) y rentabilidad, bajo dos densidades de poblacion. El frijol soobresalio por su EUA expresada como ingreso neto, e ingreso neto/ha, con valores de $348/ha/mm de agua evapotranspirada y utilidades de $34,566/ha; la avena y cebada resultaron sobresalientes por su EUA en termino de produccion de grano y materia seca, con valores de 6.14 y 16.03 kg/ha/mm para avena y 6.13 y 16.77 para cebada respectivamente. Las densidades de poblacion bajas tuvieron mayor rendimiento de grano y EUA como produccion de grano que las densidades altas. | In the Mexican highlands, which cover areas of the states of San Luis Potosi and Zacatecas, from the total agricultural area, 93 % is dryland agriculture, with 350 to 600 mm annual precipitation. This study was carried out under rainfed conditions, in order to evaluate the following crops: oat (cv. Tarahumara), barley (cv. Cerro Prieto), bean (landrace Bayo Gordo) and maize (landrace Pipitillo); and maize-squash (landrace de Castilla) and maize-bean intercropping. Crops were evaluated by their water use efficiency (WUE) and income yield capacity, under two population densities. The results showed that the bean crop was the most outstanding in WUE expressed as net gain in money, with $348/ha/mm of water evapotranspiration and a profit of $34,566/ha. Oat and barley showed the higher value of WUE in terms of grain production/ha and dry matter production (DMP)/ha/mm of water, with values of 6.14 and 16.03 for oat and 6.13 and 16.77 for barley, respectively. The lower plant stands surpassed the higher stands in terms of grain production and WUE expressed as grain production.

CONSIDERACIONES GENERALES METODOLOGIA DEL ESTUDIO EVALUACION DE LAS PERDIDAS DE AGUA EN LA CIUDAD DE TACNA EQUIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS CONCLUCIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES BIBLIOGRAFIA | Trabajo de suficiencia profesional