Brief report on some important diseases of three major crops in China
1989
Lu, J. (Nanjing Agricultural Univ. (China))
The report will be restricted to the following diseases: i.e. bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae) and blast (Pyricularia oryzae) of rice, scab (Gibberella zeae) and root rot (or leaf spot, Helminthosporium spp. etc.) of wheat and Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) of cotton. Disease distribution, trend of occurrence and yield losses will be illustrated in general. The pathogenicity of X. campestris pv. oryzae and V. dahliae, the epidemiology of rice blast and wheat scab will be discussed in detail. Defoliating type of V. dahliae and 8 new plants of this pathogen have been first discovered in China. Several different causal organisms of wheat root rot or leaf spot belonging to different species in different genera have been identified. Some of them have been first described in China. Environmental effect on pathogen and disease development is also analyzed. Various control measures for individual diseases are introduced and corresponding emphasis is given in each case. Rice, wheat and cotton are three important crops of great significance in China. Many diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and other pathogenic organisms frequently affect the production of these three crops. This brief report will be restricted to the following diseases, namely bacterial leaf blight and blast of rice, scab and root rot (or leaf spot) of wheat and Verticillium wilt of cotton
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