[Septoriosis of wheat in the Republic of Argentina: aspects of cultivation towards the disease]

Inglés. In the wheat producing area of Argentina, septoria leaf blotch, caused by Septoria tritici, is an endemic disease, which is present every year, since normally conditions are conducive to its appearance and dissemination. The wheat crop situation was analyzed vis-a-vis to S. tritici during the period when high yielding varieties were slowly replacing the traditional varieties. A rise in disease incidence was noted, resulting in a three-fold increase in the intensity of attack on these new varieties compared to the traditional ones, as measured in leaf area damaged. The effect on grain yield was not determined. Presently breeding has partly reversed this situation, in particular with the recent release of long-cycle varieties, most of which contain traditional Argentina varieties in their pedigrees.

Español; castellano. En la region triguera argentina la septoriosis de la hoja provocada por Septoria tritici es una enfermedad endemica que se presenta todos los anos, ya que normalmente ocurren condiciones propicias para su aparicion y difusion. Se analizo la situacion del cultivo de trigo frente a Septoria tritici durante el periodo en que los cultivares de alto potencial de rendimiento fueron reemplazando paulatinamente a los tradicionales. Se comprobo un incremento en la incidencia de la enfermedad, que llego a triplicar la intensidad de ataque sobre esos nuevos cultivares respecto a los tradicionales medido a traves del area foliar danada, aunque no se determino su incidencia sobre rendimiento de grano. Actualmente por mejoramiento genetico se ha revertido parcialmente la situacion, especialmente con los ultimos cultivares de ciclo largo. En el pedigree de la mayoria de estos participan variedades tradicionales argentinas.