Bio-ecological observations and prey range of Spalgis epius (Westwood) (Lycaenidae, Lepidoptera), predator of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae, Hemiptera) on bamboos and other plants
1998
Lit, I.L. Jr. | Lit, M.T.C. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines))
A lycaenid butterfly whose larvae prey upon mealybugs and whose pupal have been described as monkey-or human- faced is here identified as Spalgis epius (Westwood). Diagnostic characteristics of larvae, pupal and adults are given and photographs are provided for easier recognition in the field. The larvae are here reported to prey upon 10 species of mealybugs including 3 that attack bamboos. Their persistence even in the presence of aggressive ants that attend to mealybug colonies suggests great potential as biological control agent in situations where ordinary predators or parasitoids could be repulsed, killed or intimidated. Such characteristic is attributed to their ability to mimic their mealybug prey as well as possible secretions which may attract or neutralize ants. Initial observations on their voracity and rate of consumption, length of larval and pupal periods, and adult longevity with and without sugar or honey sources are recorded
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