Wheat quality breeding for different end-product use
2002
Hanisova, A. | Horcicka, P. (SELGEN, a.s. Stupice (Czech Republic))
Wheat is major crop in the world and the production is consumed by humans or used for animal feeding. In the Stupice wheat breeding program three main steps are used for developing cultivars with acceptable end-use quality: 1) In early breeding generations, plant and ear progenies on microplots (F3-F5), microquality analyses are used : SDS test, protein in grain (Infratec) and HMW glutenin subunits. 2) parents for crossing, F1 generation and later generations (preliminary yield tests and yield tests (F5 - F9) to microquality tests we add mixograph, gluten evaluation (gluten content, swelling capacity and gluten index), falling number, sprouting tests on ears, test volume. For mixogram curve evaluation we construct our index MIS. 3) Final evalutions in company trials on more locations and registrations trials are broaded with baking tests, alveograph, aminoacid composition, technological tests in factories for biscuits and feeding tests with chickens. Quality traits are highly or weakly heritable and in different way influenced by environmental factors. Traits with higher heritability and valuable prediction in quality breeding are: sedimentation test, swelling capacity, gluten index, mixograph, and HMW gluten subunits. Other characteristics are more affected with environmental factors and for good estimation more locations and years are necessary. Future wheat breeding need contacts with food processing and animal feeding industry. The final tests will be technological tests that reflect use for different end-use and which will be used for decision whether variety should be denominated for special commercial production. Several strategies are opened for genetic engineering
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