Evaluacion de danos causados por (Eriophyes guerreronis) (Keifer) al fruto del cocotero en la Costa de Oaxaca.
1988
Lopez Flores C.I. | Carrillo Sanchez J.L.
In the coast of Oaxaca, some 10,500 ha are cultivated with coconut palms, whose destination is mainly the production of copra; a total of 9,100 tons are produced per year. Among the main pests affecting the crop, stands out the coconut mite, Eriophyes guerreronis (Keifer) (Prostigmata: Eriophyidae), which causes an injury on the fruit known locally as "rona", and decreases its development to some extent. At the end of 1982, a series of experiments were initiated in order to determine the loss caused by this pest on the annual yield of copra, as well as the time of the year in which the loss is higher. Three plantations located in different areas along the coast of Oaxaca were selected, in order to establish experiments in paired plot designs, with two treatments and 12 replicates. Treatments to evaluate were: palms with insecticide applications and palms without insecticide applications; the experimental unit was represented by one coconut palm. On palms treated with insecticide, the fruits newly formed were sprayed with dicrotophos at a rate of 1.5 c.c. per liter of water every 15 days, until the fruits reached and approximated age of three months. One year after the first insecticide application, the nuts of both treatments were harvested every three months, and classified on the basis of damage degree, before extracting the copra. There were not significant differences as to the number of harvested fruits per year, between treated and untreated palms, for the three locations; main damage caused by the mite was evident on the copra contents, as highly significant differences between both treatments were obtained through all the period of study in two locations. Mean loss of copra per nut varied from 19.1 to 31.7 percent, and yield of copra was reduced in a higher amount in the october harvest than in other harvest periods.
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