Characteristics and pathogenecity of bacterial endosymbionts of two Philippine entomopathogenic nematodes against selected lepidopterous insect pests
2014
Sandoval, R.F.C. | Orajay, J.I. | Caoili, B.L.
The entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema sp. and Heterorhabditis sp., have symbiotic relationships with Xenorbahdus and Photorhabdus bacteria respectively. The primary forms of bacterial endosymbionts of two populations of Philippine entomopathogenic nematodes. Steinernema abbasi and Heterorhabditis indica, were isolated from infected Ostrinia furnacalis hemolymph using nutrient agar with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and bromthymol blue. Pathogenicity of endosymbionts to O. furnacalis, Spodoptera litura, Helicoverpa armigera and Mythimna separata was confirmed through colony pricking and direct injection of bacterial suspension to the hemolymph. Both bacteria are gram-negative small rods and their 16 S rDNA sequence shared high similarity with that of Xenorhabdus indica (98%) and Photorhabdus luminenscens (99%). The symbionts were also characterized based on their oxygen requirement, carbohydrate utilization and enzyme production.
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