Dataware support of comprehensive studies of Northwestern Pacific aquatic biological resources. Part 2. Databases, knowledge bases, automated workplaces

Here, in the second part of the paper, which beginning was published in the previous 156th volume of «Trudy VNIRO», described twenty years’ experience of creation and operation of a new type big databases (DB) prepared during implementation of the Concept of dataware support of bioresource and ecosystem researches of Northwest Pacific region for studying the pelagic (which is dwelling mainly from a surface to 1000 m) and the bottom (to the depths about 2000 m) trawl macrofauna. DB advantages and unavoidable shortcomings related to the specifics of planning and financing of marine expeditions, are shown. The materials,collected since the end of the 1970th in comprehensive ecosystem expeditions on the waterarea of permanent long-term monitoring — in an exclusive economic zone of Russia and adjacent waters, have special value. The area of a pelagial which is regularly surveyed here makes nearly 6, and a bottom — a little more than 2 million sq. km, the number of the executed trawling stations exceeds 40 thousand. Thus information (the number and biomass in the catches, size composition, and data of biological analyses) about 825 species of the pelagial and 1306 of benthal inhabitants is collected. Examples of major generalizations of fundamental scientific and substantial practical importance which could be done only with the use of the described unique DB are given in the paper. The importance of continuation of works on addition of these DB with new information is emphasized. Such activity is a real contribution to information providing of ecosystem researches for rational environmental management to ecological, food, economic and other safety, sustainable development of Russia and the Asia-Pacific region as a whole. Further considered two directions in which are conducted the works on creation of fishery knowledge bases on the basis of these DB (1 — the description of features of spatial-temporal distribution of animals using GIS; 2 — an assessment of species composition, occurrence, population density and a gross stock of bioresources by means of electronic reference systems), and also software complexes used for this purposes, and some accepted in the TINRO Center standards of information summarize: basic methodologies and formulas of calculations, applied coefficients, principles and schemes of water area zoning, levels of averaging data and ways of its pooling, including distinguished biological seasons and long-term periods. The end of the present article is published in the same 157th volume of «Trudy VNIRO»