EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF SOIL TILLAGE AND PLANT PROTECTION OF GRAIN LEGUMES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE VOLGA REGION
Toygildin, A.L. | Podsevalov , M.I. | Mustafina , R.A.
The article presents results of studies of comparative productivity and cultivation economic efficiency of soybeans, peas, lupine and chickpeas, depending on main tillage systems in crop rotation and the level of plant protection from harmful organisms. Grain legumes are capable of forming a seed yield of 2.0 t / ha in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. Three-year experimental studies have shown that the studied leguminous crops can be arranged in the following row according to the yield level: peas - 2.51 t / ha> lupine - 2.12 t / ha> chickpea –2.11 t / ha> soybean - 2.10 t / ha. Evaluation of the effect of soil tillage in cultivation of grain legumes showed a significant yield increase by plowing for 25-27 cm in comparison with tillage for 12-14 cm for all the studied crops, a yield increase for adaptive-integrated plant protection was also noted in comparison with minimum protection (protection only against weeds). Studies show that lupine crops had an advantage in protein content, its yield is from 533 to 802 kg / ha, as for soybeans, protein yield was 449-666 kg / ha, peas - 430-521 kg / ha, and chickpeas - 346-486 kg / ha with the advantage of the mentioned variants. A higher conditional net income was obtained on soybeans (31555-44584 rubles / ha) and chickpeas (27777-40037 rubles / ha), especially on combined tillage in crop rotation. Plant protection systems had an equal impact on economic efficiency of their cultivation; in some variants, adaptively integrated plant protection was less effective
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