Effect of fungicide application and nitrogen top-dressing on yield and quality of winter wheat
2022
Gaile, Zinta | Bankina, Biruta | Pluduma-PauninaPlūduma-Pauniņa, Ieva, Ieva | SternaŠterna, Linda, Linda | BimsteineBimšteine, Gunita, Gunita
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the most important and widespread cereal crop grown in Latvia, the production of which is associated with rather large investments for nitrogen fertilization and disease control. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of fungicide application and N topdressing rate on winter wheat grain yield and quality. Field trials were carried out at the Research and Study Farm “Pēterlauki” during four years (2017/2018–2020/2021). Four pesticide treatments (half, full and two full doses during different growth stages) and untreated control, and four N top-dressing rates (N120, 150, 180, 210 kg haE−1) were studied. Winter wheat yield (annual average: 5.23–8.41 t haE−1) and quality depended significantly on the conditions of the study years, as three years were characterized by drought throughout the season or several months. Although any fungicide treatment variant increased the average four-year winter wheat grain yield significantly, the effect of fungicide application in every separate year was different, and it gave an important increase of yield only in 2019/2020. Enhancement of N top-dressing increased grain yield significantly up to the rate N 180 kg haE−1. Although interaction of both studied factors was significant, however, not always usage of higher N rates means that also spraying with fungicides has to be more intensive. The effect of fungicide treatment was observed on 1000 grain weight and hectolitre weight, but it did not affect crude protein and wet gluten content, and ZelenyE index.
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