Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Activation Inhibits Microglial Pyroptosis via Promoting Mitophagy to Alleviate Depression-like Behaviors in Diabetic Mice
2022
Fan Yang | Xinshang Wang | Jingyu Qi | Kun Zhang | Yongli Jiang | Ban Feng | Tao Lv | Le Yang | Qi Yang | Minggao Zhao | Shuibing Liu | Xue Ma
Depression is a frequent and serious comorbidity associated with diabetes which adversely affects prognosis and quality of life. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, widely used in the treatment of diabetes, are reported to exert neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. Thus, we aim to evaluate whether GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (EX-4) could alleviate depression-like behaviors in diabetic mice and to explore its underlying mechanism. The antidepressant effects of EX-4 were evaluated using behavioral tests in db/db mice. The effects of EX-4 on microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation were assessed in N9 microglial cells. EX-4 administration alleviated depression-like behaviors in diabetic db/db mice. GLP-1R activation by EX-4 significantly suppressed microglial pyroptosis and neuroinflammation by downregulation of gasdermin D (GSDMD) and interleukin (IL)-1&beta: in diabetic mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed N9 microglia. Mechanistically, GLP-1R activation improved mitochondrial function and promoted mitophagy by decreasing the accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and intracellular ROS production. EX-4 exhibits antidepressant effects in depression associated with diabetes in diabetic mice, which may be mediated by inhibiting microglial pyroptisis via promoting mitophagy. It is supposed that GLP-1R agonists may be a promising therapy in depression associated with diabetes.
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