Introducing Postmetalation Metal–Organic Framework to Control Perovskite Crystal Growth for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
2021
Liu, Chi-Kwen | Wu, Kuo-Hung | Lu, Yen-An | Hsiao, Li-Yin | Lai, Kuan-Wen | Chu, Chih-Wei | Ho, Kuo-Chuan
A novel lead-containing metal–organic framework (Pb-MOF) is synthesized through postmetalation of MOF-525. Postmetalation renders lead ions bound with the organic linker of MOF-525, which can serve as nucleation points to promote perovskite crystallization. The introduction of lead postmetalated MOF-525 (Pb-MOF) as a scaffold layer between compact TiO₂ (c-TiO₂) layer and perovskite layer promotes perovskite crystal growth in enlarging crystal grain size with better crystallinity, hence decreasing defect sites in the perovskite layer. Postmetalation of MOF-525 with lead ions allows MAPbI₃ to form a solid crystal structure to facilitate the charge separation between electron transport layer (ETL) and light-harvesting layer so as to resolve the issue of possible vacancies present in MOFs. As a result, the champion perovskite solar cell (PSC) with the introduction of Pb-MOF exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.87% and better stability (86% PCE retention after 40 days), outperforming the pristine PSC (16.85% PCE, with 52% retention after 40 days) and MOF-525-introduced PSC (18.61% PCE, with 76% retention after 40 days).
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