Improvement of elements of the theory of peat cavitation dispergation

Humic fertilizers production technologies based on alkaline extraction of humic substances from peat with the subsequent their extraction and cleaning are widely known. Acoustic cavitation to an intensification of processes of crystallization, diffusion, extraction was actively applied in recent 10 years. Technological processes of operation of the ultrasonic generator and a cavitation dispergator are considered. Technical distinctions between them at impact on firm particles of two-component mixes are defined. Theoretical definitions of ultrasonic and hydrodynamic extraction were specified. Mechanism of extraction and its mathematical equation are considered. Features of the hydrodynamic mode of extraction of target components from porous materials what peat is are revealed. It is defined that vortex extraction, extraction in the mode of vacuum boiling and explosive boiling up of an extraction agent, application of mechanical oscillations of suspension, pressure pulsations have the greatest impact on speed of an intensification of diffusion process. It is necessary to improve the diffusive and convective extraction theory by input in mathematical calculations of the additional coefficients considering increase influence of peat suspension temperature in the course of cavitation and activation of a liquid component of suspension on efficiency of diffusive and convective process. It is noted that it is also necessary to enter coefficient of activation of liquid during cavitational processing of peat suspension. A difference of pH indicators before and after activation can be a basis for mathematical calculation of this coefficient. A scientific hypothesis of extraction of humic substances from peat which is used when development of an equipment and technological process for humic fertilizers production on a basis of cavitation was suggested.