Dissipation of Cotton Pesticides from Runoff Water in Glasshouse Columns
2007
Rose, Michael T. | Crossan, Angus N. | Kennedy, Ivan R.
The use of vegetated wetlands for accelerating pesticide removal from agricultural runoff is gaining acceptance as a best management practice. In this study, the dissipation of five cotton pesticides – endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, aldicarb, prometryn and diuron – was quantified in cotton field runoff water contained in glasshouse columns, under light or dark conditions. Two water samples sourced from large, non-vegetated storage dams were compared with two other water samples obtained from vegetated wetlands receiving runoff from cotton fields. All pesticides studied except chlorpyrifos dissipated significantly faster from the storage dam samples than the vegetated wetland samples. Suggested reasons include a greater number of pesticide-degrading microorganisms in the storage dam waters and/or the presence of more organic matter in the wetland samples, limiting contaminant volatilisation and hydrolysis. Exposure to light significantly reduced the rate of endosulfan removal, whereas light increased the rate of chlorpyrifos removal. Half-lives are presented for each pesticide where appropriate.
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