Complete Replication of Hepatitis C Virus in Cell Culture
2005
Lindenbach, Brett D. | Evans, Matthew J. | Syder, Andrew J. | Wölk, Benno | Tellinghuisen, Timothy L. | Liu, Christopher C. | Maruyama, Toshiaki | Hynes, Richard O. | Burton, Dennis R. | McKeating, Jane A. | Rice, Charles M.
Many aspects of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle have not been reproduced in cell culture, which has slowed research progress on this important human pathogen. Here, we describe a full-length HCV genome that replicates and produces virus particles that are infectious in cell culture (HCVcc). Replication of HCVcc was robust, producing nearly 10⁵ infectious units per milliliter within 48 hours. Virus particles were filterable and neutralized with a monoclonal antibody against the viral glycoprotein E2. Viral entry was dependent on cellular expression of a putative HCV receptor, CD81. HCVcc replication was inhibited by interferon-[alpha] and by several HCV-specific antiviral compounds, suggesting that this in vitro system will aid in the search for improved antivirals.
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