Investigation of the Soil Sorption of Neutral and Basic Pesticides
2016
Vitoratos, Andreas | Fois, Christos | Danias, Panagiotis | Likudis, Zisimos
Adsorption of six neutral (chlorpyrifos, α-endosulfan, fenthion, parathion, parathion metyl, and cis permethrin) and six basic (pirimicarb, prochloraz, prometryn, pirimiphos ethyl, quinoxyfen, and triadimefon) pesticides was measured in ten natural soils in order to unravel the parameters influencing soil sorption. Linear regression confirmed that organic carbon content of soil is the determinant factor of soil sorption along with a secondary role of clay in the case of basic pesticides. Concerning pesticides themselves, their potential to be absorbed is governed by hydrophobic, electrostatic, and polar interactions. Electrostatic interactions can be expressed by considering the molecular fraction of positively charged species (F⁺). The combination of these parameters led to good prediction models, where the two expressions of lipophilicity, octanol-water partition (logP) and distribution coefficient (logD), showed similar performance. Finally, the role of electrostatic interactions to soil sorption and their successful expression by F⁺ parameter was further confirmed using artificial adjustment of the acidity of one soil at different pH values not covered by the natural acidity of the investigated soils.
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