Gene dosage of DAX-1, determining in sexual differentiation: duplication of DAX-1 in two sisters with gonadal dysgenesis
2019
García-Acero, Mary | Molina, Mónica | Moreno, Olga | Ramirez, Andrea | Forero, Catalina | Céspedes, Camila | Prieto, Juan Carlos | Pérez, Jaime | Suárez-Obando, Fernando | Rojas, Adriana
Two sisters phenotypically normal females, presenting with tumor abdominal mass with histopathological findings of teratoma and gonadoblastoma associated to 46,XY male-to-female sex reversal syndrome, secondary to a duplication in DAX-1, possibly inherited of maternal gonadal mosaicism. Copy number variation and functional effects of the duplication were done by MLPA multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and real time PCR. DAX-1, also known as dosage sensitive sex reversal gene (DSS), is considered the most likely candidate gene involved in XY gonadal dysgenesis when overexpressed. The excess of DAX-1 gene disturbs testicular development by down regulation of SF-1, WT1, and SOX9. This is the first report of 46,XY sex reversal in two siblings who have a maternally inherited duplication of DAX-1 associated with reduced levels of expression of downstream genes as SOX9–SF1.
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