Ambient fine particulate pollution associated with diabetes mellitus among the elderly aged 50 years and older in China
2018
Yang, Yin | Guo, Yanfei | Qian, Zhengmin (Min) | Ruan, Zengliang | Zheng, Yang | Woodward, Alistair | Ai, Siqi | Howard, Steven W. | Vaughn, Michael G. | Ma, Wenjun | Wu, Fan | Lin, Hualiang
The linkage between ambient air pollution exposure and occurrence of diabetes mellitus is not well defined. This study examined the association between exposure to fine particles (PM₂.₅) and the prevalence of diabetes among Chinese elderly people. We surveyed 11,504 adults aged ≥50 years in China, estimated the annual concentrations of ambient PM₂.₅ using a satellite-based model of aerosol optical depth information. We employed a generalized mixed effects model to examine the association between PM₂.₅ and the prevalence of diabetes and explored potential effect modifiers. We estimated diabetes burden attributable to ambient PM₂.₅ if the observed association is indeed causal. The diabetes prevalence among the participants was 6.5% (n = 745). Our analysis found a statistically significant association between PM₂.₅ and diabetes. The adjusted odds ratio was 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12, 1.43) for each 10 μg/m³ increment in ambient PM₂.₅. Stratified analyses found a lower association among the participants with higher consumption of fruit. We estimated that 22.02% (95% CI: 8.59%, 43.29%) of the diabetes cases could be ascribable to ambient PM₂.₅. Our finding suggests that PM₂.₅ exposures could increase the risk of diabetes, and if causal, could be responsible for substantial burden of diabetes among the Chinese elderly; and higher intakes of fruit might reduce the harmful effects of PM₂.₅, however, due to the limitation of the cross-sectional study design, more studies are warranted to confirm this observation.
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