Effect of Application of Salicylic Acid and Biofertilizers on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Cultivars in Rainfed Conditions

In order to investigate the effect of salicylic acid and bio fertilizers on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of chickpea cultivars in the dry conditions of Kermanshah province, an experiment was conducted in the form of split factorial design based on randomized complete blocks in three replications in 2018 in the farm of Homil Agricultural Jihad Center in Islam city. Abad-e gharb was implemented. The experimental treatments include three levels (without use, half mill molar and one mill molar) of salicylic acid foliar spraying before flowering and the application of biological fertilizer as a seed in four levels (control, fertile phosphate 2, Petabaror 2 and Petabaror 2 and fertile phosphate 2) and four chickpea varieties. (Adel, Mansour, Azkan and Gokso) and factorially placed in sub-plots. The results of the variance analysis of the data showed that all traits of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, catalase, superoxide dismutase were affected by salicylic acid and bio fertilizers at the level of 1%, and these traits except the superoxide dismutase trait were also affected by the number. The interaction between salicylic acid and biofertilizers had a significant effect on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, proline and catalase. The highest percentage of proline and soluble proteins was obtained in the simultaneous combination of salicylic acid and biofertilizers for Adel variety. With the use of 1 millimolar salicylic acid, the amount of proline increased by 21.6% compared to its non-use. So that the highest amount of proline was 0.0884 mg/g fresh weight of the leaf related to the treatment of 1 millimolar salicylic acid. Also, the highest amount of catalase enzyme was in the treatment of not using biofertilizers (0.2937 enzyme units per milligram of protein) and the lowest value was related to the combined use of Fertilizer + Petaferyl phosphate (0.2290 enzyme units per milliliter of protein). So that the amount of catalase enzyme was 22% lower in the treatments using biofertilizers compared to the treatments using fertilizers. Therefore, it can be stated that the simultaneous use of salicylic acid and biofertilizers increase the mentioned physiological activities. What is evident from the results is that the combined use of salicylic acid and biofertilizers had the highest performance compared to the separate use of applied treatments.