Optimal Control Period and Selection of Pesticides for Reduction of Fusarium spp. in Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf
2021
Hwang, H.S. | An, T.J. | Lee, Y.J. | Lee, E.S. | Lim, H.B. | Lee, J.H.
BACKGROUND: Adlay [Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf] is a nutritionally superior resource, but food hygiene problems are emerging due to mycotoxin contamination. It is difficult to predict the source and timing of mycotoxin contamination. Prevention and reduction methods for mycotoxins are important. Experiments were conducted to determine the optimal time for spraying pesticides and to select pesticides effective in the reduction of mycotoxins. METHODS AND RESULTS: Metconazole and fludioxonil were sprayed onto the test field during the three growth stages, i.e., before the flowering stage, after the flowering stage, and at the maturing stage. Experiments were conducted on fungal density, seed yield, and mycotoxin evaluation of fumonisin (FUM), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEN). The harvested adlay seeds were analyzed for residual pesticides. Seed yield, fungal density and mycotoxins were better than in other treatments when metconazole was administered after flowering. The residual pesticides increased over time; after flowering, metconazole (1.25mg·kg⁻¹) was up to 1.3 times higher than fludioxonil (0.96mg·kg⁻¹). Spraying in the after-flowering stage was superior to other growth stages, and metconazole was more effective than fludioxonil in reducing mycotoxins. CONCLUSIONS: It is considered most effective to treat adlay with metconazole after the flowering phase to reduce fungal toxins in Fusarium spp.
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