Effects of silver sulfide nanomaterials on mycorrhizal colonization of tomato plants and soil microbial communities in biosolid-amended soil
2015
Judy, J.D. | Kirby, J.K. | Creamer, C. | McLaughlin, M.J. | Fiebiger, C. | Wright, C. | Cavagnaro, T.R. | Bertsch, P.M.
We investigated effects of Ag2S engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated Ag ENMs (PVP-Ag), and Ag+ on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), their colonization of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and overall microbial community structure in biosolids-amended soil. Concentration-dependent uptake was measured in all treatments. Plants exposed to 100 mg kg−1 PVP-Ag ENMs and 100 mg kg−1 Ag+ exhibited reduced biomass and greatly reduced mycorrhizal colonization. Bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were inhibited by all treatment classes, with the largest reductions measured in 100 mg kg−1 PVP-Ag ENMs and 100 mg kg−1 Ag+. Overall, Ag2S ENMs were less toxic to plants, less disruptive to plant-mycorrhizal symbiosis, and less inhibitory to the soil microbial community than PVP-Ag ENMs or Ag+. However, significant effects were observed at 1 mg kg−1 Ag2S ENMs, suggesting that the potential exists for microbial communities and the ecosystem services they provide to be disrupted by environmentally relevant concentrations of Ag2S ENMs.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Jonathan D. Judy, Jason K. Kirby, Courtney Creamer, Mike J. McLaughlin, Cathy Fiebiger, Claire Wright, Timothy R. Cavagnaro, Paul M. Bertsch
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