Who uses complementary and alternative therapies in regional South Australia?: evidence from the Whyalla Integrational Study of Health

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and service use for people with a chronic disease in rural and regional Australia, where reported prevalence of CAM use is higher. METHODS: Data were from the Whyalla Intergenerational Study of Health, a population representative cross sectional study of 1146 people recruited in 2008–2009. Self-reported chronic disease diagnosis and health service use including CAM use were collected. Complementary and other medicines were recorded at a clinic visit in a reduced sample (n = 722) and SF36 data were collected by questionnaire. RESULTS: Around 32% of respondents reported complementary medicine use and 27% CAM service use. There was no difference in the overall prevalence of CAM use among those with and without a chronic disease (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7–1.3). Greater age- and sex-adjusted use of complementary medicines was associated with the ability to save money (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.17–2.63), but not with any other socioeconomic position indicator. Those who reported using prescribed medication were more likely to report using complementary medicines (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.35–3.24). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CAM use in this regional community appeared lower than reported in similar communities outside of South Australia. Mainstream medicine use was associated with complementary medicine use, increasing the risk of an adverse drug interaction. This suggests that doctors and pharmacists should be aware of the possibility that their clients may be using complementary medicines, and the need for vigilance regarding potential side effects and interactions between complementary and mainstream therapies. WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: The prevalence of complementary and alternative therapy use in Australian rural and regional communities is high relative to urban communities. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD?: The prevalence of complementary and alternative therapy use in a regional South Australian community is lower than reported elsewhere. In this community, mainstream medicine use was associated with an increased chance of complementary medicine use. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTITIONERS?: Doctors and pharmacists should be aware of the possibility that their clients may be using complementary medicines, and the need for vigilance regarding potential side effects and interactions between complementary and mainstream therapies.

Katina D'Onise, Matthew T. Haren, Gary M.H. Misan and Robyn A. McDermott