The study of sugar beet
2022
Saliga Galib Gazi
Sugar beet is formed from the "Mongol" variety, which grows in the wild and has a main leaf. Wild plants of this subspecies are found in Asia Minor, Syria, the Caucasus, the Mediterranean, the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea. The cultivation of this plant began 2,000 years ago. People living in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers prepared various dishes from the leaves of this plant. The cultivation of beets as a root crop began in the 5th-6th centuries BC. Beets are then exported from Syria to the Mediterranean countries, France, Italy, Switzerland, Spain and others. spread to countries [1]. Sugar beet is grown mainly in Russia, France, Poland, Germany, Italy, Romania, Spain, England, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Belgium, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Turkey and the United States. Europe accounts for 80% of the world's sugar beet cultivation. It was first determined by Markgraff that sugar beets contain the same amount of sugar and that the sugar-like content of sugar cane is the same. He reported on this in 1747 at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. However, his experiment with sugar, which he separated from beets in the laboratory, did not attract the necessary attention at that time. Markgraf's student, the German scientist Axard, proposed a method of extracting sugar from beets in 1797, and in 1802 the first sugar factory was built in Germany. The first sugar factory in Russia was built in 1802 by Yesipov in the village of Alyabevo, Tula Province.
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