Socioeconomic' impacts of the water and soil conservation technics in Maradi, Niger | Les impacts socioéconomiques des méthodes de conservation des sols et de l'eau à Maradi au Niger

Inglés. The Sahelian's environment suffered many perturbations increasing the food insecurity risks. Since three decades, the environment suffered a intense and significant land deterioration (Warren A. And al., 2001). A lot of regreening actions have been developped in the Sahelian countries but some actions are most sustainable and the costs are lower than the other. The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) has developped some actions to strengthen the natural ressources management. The most important actions have been introduced from the mi-term of 1,980 (Sendzimir J. And al., 2011). These actions concerned the main water and soil conservation technics: Zaï; „contour“ stone bund; half-moons; permeable rock dams (Wesel A., Rath T., 2002). The paper attempts to answer about the following question: „what are the indirect and direct socioeconomic impacts of the natural ressources management in the Maradi’s region ?“. Moreover, Maradi is the historical area of the IFAD actions and illustrates some major causes of land degradation. The main causes are the increase of demography and agricultural areas. In fact, the demography and agricultural area of Maradi are seriously worrying: 8 children per women and the agricultural area is less than 1 hectare per household (Andres L., Lebailly Ph., 2013). The paper relates and describes the main anti-erosion technics. It compared also the cost-benefit analysis about the soil and water conservation technics. Finally, the report try to establish a key who links the technics with the context (soil, people, environment, agriculture, livestock) (Moussa Dit Kalamou M., 2015; Jasmien C.J. and al., 2013).

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