Manejo integrado del hongo Ceratocystis fimbriata causante de la enfermedad del marchitamiento vascular en Teca (Tectona grandis)

The cultivation of teak (Tectona grandis) in Ecuador and around the world is a source of great economic income, the commercialization of teak is very important for the cultivators of high value hardwood species. In Ecuador there are currently 50,000 planted hectares, this wood is one of the most valuable, of great value and prestige, although this crop is subject to pests and diseases throughout the year. Integrated disease management is the use of various control systems with the objective of controlling or eradicating the fungus that causes the disease that affects the crop. The fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata is the cause of the vascular wilt disease in teak. The presence of this disease has produced very large losses in plantations, deteriorating them and this in turn caused a decrease in their yield, creating concern and economic losses in producers since individuals have been found in very bad conditions, even dead trees standing. For this, there are several control methods: cultural, chemical and biological, which help to control the fungus, in order to obtain a better performance when cutting the trees. Key words: Ceratocystis fimbriata, integrated management, biological, fungus, vascular wilt

The cultivation of teak (Tectona grandis) in Ecuador and around the world is a source of great economic income, the commercialization of teak is very important for the cultivators of high value hardwood species. In Ecuador there are currently 50,000 planted hectares, this wood is one of the most valuable, of great value and prestige, although this crop is subject to pests and diseases throughout the year. Integrated disease management is the use of various control systems with the objective of controlling or eradicating the fungus that causes the disease that affects the crop. The fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata is the cause of the vascular wilt disease in teak. The presence of this disease has produced very large losses in plantations, deteriorating them and this in turn caused a decrease in their yield, creating concern and economic losses in producers since individuals have been found in very bad conditions, even dead trees standing. For this, there are several control methods: cultural, chemical and biological, which help to control the fungus, in order to obtain a better performance when cutting the trees. Key words: Ceratocystis fimbriata, integrated management, biological, fungus, vascular wilt

El cultivo de teca (Tectona grandis) en el Ecuador y al rededor del mundo es fuente generadora de grandes ingresos económicos, la comercialización de la teca es muy importantes para los cultivadores de especies frondosas de gran valor. En el Ecuador existen actualmente 50.000 hectáreas plantadas, esta madera es una de las más valiosas, de gran valor y prestigio, aunque este cultivo es sujeto a plagas y enfermedades durante todo el año. El manejo integrado de enfermedades es el uso de varias técnicas de control con el objetivo de controlar o erradicar al hongo causante de la enfermedad que afecta al cultivo. El hongo Ceratocystis fimbriata es causante de la enfermedad marchitez vascular en teca. La presencia de esta enfermedad ha causado pérdidas muy grandes en plantaciones desmejorándolas y esta a su vez provocando una merma en su rendimiento, creando una preocupación y pérdidas económicas en los productores ya que se han encontrado individuos en muy malas condiciones, incluso árboles muertos en pie. Para ello existen varios métodos de control: cultural, químico y biológico, lo mismos que ayudan a controlar el hongo, para así obtener un mejor rendimiento al momento de cortar los árboles.