Advance of Optimal Allocation of Water Resources in Agriculture: A Review
2022
SU Xiaoling
【Objective】 Climate change will increase the frequency of extreme weathers like drought and flooding, worsening the already imbalance between water supply and water demand in some regions such as northern China. Since agricultural use is the main water consumption in many countries, optimizing water allocation in agriculture is one of the most effective ways to alleviate water shortage and improve water resource utilization efficiency. 【Method】 This review covers the recent advance in the following areas: optimization of crop irrigation system, crop planting structure, spatial optimization of cropping systems, joint control on irrigation water, evaluation of water carrying capacity, optimal allocation of regional agricultural water resources, joint optimization of water, food and energy, and methods used for optimal water resources allocations. 【Conclusion】 We outline the challenges and problems facing research and application of optimal allocation of water resources in agriculture, and propose perspective including optimizing cropping structure to adapt to climate change. Future research and application should consider virtual water trade, water and carbon footprint of agricultural production, optimization of multiple water sources for irrigation water, synergistic optimization of water-food-energy-ecology nexus, optimizing ecological structure and cultivated land in irrigation districts.
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