D-alanylation of Teichoic Acids in Bacilli impedes the immune sensing of peptidoglycan in Drosophila

Attieh, Zaynoun; Kallassy Awad, Mireille; Rejasse, Agnès; Courtin, Pascal; Gomperts Boneca, Ivo; Chapot-Chartier, Marie-Pierre; Sanchis Borja, Vincent; El Chamy, Laure; MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé  ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique -AgroParisTech; Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth; Faculté des sciences-USJ  ; Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth; Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi bactérienne - Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall ; Institut Pasteur [Paris] -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Research Council of the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut  and the Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research  and has benefited from the support of the CEDRE program  and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique . SAFAR program and an international mobility scholarship from AgroParisTech; European Project: 202283,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2007-StG,PGNFROMSHAPETOVIR

D-alanylation of Teichoic Acids in Bacilli impedes the immune sensing of peptidoglycan in Drosophila

2023

Attieh, Zaynoun | Kallassy Awad, Mireille | Rejasse, Agnès | Courtin, Pascal | Gomperts Boneca, Ivo | Chapot-Chartier, Marie-Pierre | Sanchis Borja, Vincent | El Chamy, Laure | MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ) | Faculté des sciences-USJ (FS) ; Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ) | Biologie et Génétique de la Paroi bactérienne - Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall ; Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Research Council of the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut (FS73) and the Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research (CNRS-L/ 02-05-16) and has benefited from the support of the CEDRE program (32942VD) and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). SAFAR program and an international mobility scholarship from AgroParisTech (Bourse de mobilité Abies) | European Project: 202283,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2007-StG,PGNFROMSHAPETOVIR(2008)

Abstract Modification of cell wall components is a prominent mean for pathogens to hinder host immune defenses. Here, using the Drosophila model, we aimed at characterizing the role of D-alanine esterification of teichoic acids (TAs) in the resistance of Bacillus thuringiensis to host defenses in vivo . We show that, by preventing cationic antimicrobial effectors-mediated bacterial lysis, this cell wall modification also limits the release of peptidoglycan immunostimulatory fragments thus impeding their sensing and the subsequent induction of the IMD- NF-κB pathway. Interestingly, we show that this strategy is also adopted by Lactobacillus plantarum , a bona fide commensal, to fine-tune its immunomodulatory potential in the Drosophila gut. Markedly, we show that the D-alanylation of TAs is essential for the resistance of L. plantarum to gut lysozyme. Altogether our data shed light on the mechanism underlying the persistence and the low immunostimulatory potential of L. plantarum in the Drosophila gut.

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