Adaptive capacity of perennial plants to low temperatures and its role in the formation of high-quality crops with minimal losses during storage has been studied. According to the changes occurring in plants at low temperatures the possibility of effective forecasting of plant products to cold storage has been found.

The storage of yield of potato depends on quality of potato tuber. During storage the respiration process and evaporation are the cause of natural loss of potato tuber biomass. In our experiments, the loss of mass depended on variety, tuber size, and place of growing. During first day of storage, the natural loss of biomass of cv. «Rosara» was 2,9-3.1%, and cv. «Udacha» – 1,9-6,3%.

The terms of seeding on rosette plants have been found. Affect of the elastic adhesive emulsion on the seeds loosing has been revealed.

The summary report of research investigations of the institutes of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Science, the Russian Academy of Science, and the Institutions of Higher Education in 2013 on the project «Development of new varieties and high-precision sustainable zonal technologies of vegetable and cucurbits crops growing with the use of new varieties and hybrids, high'quality seeds, advanced approaches of agro-techniques, plant protection, and mechanical equipments» is represented.

The experiment was performed in the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute, Plovdiv and Experimental station, Samokov during the period 2009-2011. The aim of this study was to investigate yield structure in the production of certified seeds from Bulgarian potato varieties. Three factors field experiment was set with 12 combinations with established effect of the factors - fertilization rate, planting density and term of leaf striping on the yield of the variants. The total yield in production of certified seeds from Bulgarian potato varieties varies from 2282 to 3556 kg/da. The standard yield of the seed fractions increases significantly with the increase of planting density and decrease of the duration of term of leaf striping.

The problem of biodiversity conservation and use of raw plant materials for the needs of humankind is the most urgent nowadays. The introduction of new crops with improved resistance to adverse environmental conditions, diseases and pests reduces the pesticide load and improves the sustainable agriculture. Vegetable husk tomato has a great adaptive potential and it is suitable for growing in the south and in the north regions. This crop is resistant to the most com mon diseases and pests in the open field of the centralRussia. Due to the cold tolerance of husk tomato the under winter sowing in open ground is possible.

The aim of technical specifications is the development of quality rating system of canned garlicky tomato in vinegar and tomato sauces with garlic, sugar, salt, and vinegar. The project of the technical specifications is developed for the first time inRussia.

Insufficient basic knowledge base of agriculture is the main reason of its world crisis at the turn of XXth century. The main task of scientific support of agriculture at the XXI century is the transformation of this economic sector that will allows meeting the needs of the human in foods and raw material owing to infinity of knowledge of law of nature.

The main directions and new achievements of the research investigations on vegetable breeding and seed production carried on the All'Russian Research Institute of vegetable breedingand seed production are shown.

The results of tomato lines resistance test to tomato spotted wilt virus and its comparison to molecular marker SCAR Sw421 genotyping data is shown. A molecular marker SCAR Sw421 analysis allowed identifying homozygous and heterozygous tomato genotypes possessing Sw5 alleles in segregating populations. Selected tomato lines possessing dominant homozygous alleles of Sw5 gene represent a tomato germplasm resistant to tomato spotted wilt virus and would be useful for following crop improvement.