The characteristic of the new variety of Cucurbita ficifolia (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche.), «In honor of Memory Tarakanov», is provided. The variety is mid ripening, the yield of marketable fruits is 16,0-22,0 t / ha. The fruits are transportable, tasting score - 4.5-4.6 points with a strong aroma of watermelon; keep marketable quality within 250-270 days after harvest. Intended use is fodder and universal.

Valeeva Zarya Tadzhievna – 80th Anniversary.

The basic problem of breeding of onions, including development of varieties and hybrids, characterized by high yield, early maturity, marketable product that are grown in different regions of the country is described in the article. The combination of resistance to pests and diseases in the same variety/hybrid is the most problematic. Interspecific hybridization of onions is promising, as a result of which, along with resistance to diseases, provided early spring regrowth of plants, their high shoot formation, the long period of return of greenery as well as a high solids content, vitamins, and volatile production in the bulbs and aboveground mass. Perennial onions are donors of cold and frost resistance. VNIISSOK scientists, Omsk Agricultural Institute and other institutions in the country set up a number of interspecific hybrids with wild species of onions, which are of undoubted interest for practical use. However, a significant portion of perennial species is not compatible with cultivated ones. The main reason is the different number of chromosomes in parents, and hence irregularities in meiosis and sterile progeny. To overcome the sterility of hybrids there are effective methods of modern biotechnology, including the embryo culture in vitro and polyploidization. The initial material for research is the collection of VIR, with more than 3,000 samples and diverse breeding material obtained by breeders of our country.

The purpose of the standard is the valuation of the indicators of quality of candied fruit watermelon, cooked in sugar syrup, dried and coated in granulated sugar intended for industrial processing and nutrition. This standard is developed for the first time in the Russian Federation.

The biological properties and cultivation technology of savoy cabbage are presented in the article. The ways of breeding of this crop in VNIISSOK, some varieties and hybrids are described. Up to 2016, the 9 varieties and the 11 hybrids of savoy cabbage were included in to the State Register of selective breeding results (plant variety). The bestknown cultivars of VNIISSOK’s breeding are the early maturing «Yubileynaya 2170» (vegetation season is 102-114 days) and the middle-late «Vertyu 1340» (130-150 days).

One of the way of increasing of genetic variability of onion (Allium cepa L.) is the interspecific hybridization. Development of onion interspecific hybrids consists of the study of initial breeding forms, its heterogeneity, ways of crossing and pollination, overcoming of outbreeding problem, sterility and weak fertility of the hybrids of first and next generations, specifics of hybrid’s seeds development, identification and selection of recombinant forms with breeding valuable traits. The stages of development of the bulbous forms of interspecific hybrids of onion are presented in the article. The study was conducted in the “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of vegetable breeding and seed production” of the Moscow region. The plants of inbreed progenies I1-5 from BC1-2F5 of bulb forms of interspecific hybrids A. cepa х A. Fistulosum as well as the parental forms were analyzed. The breeding and phytopathological assessment of recombinant forms of onion interspecific hybrids was done for qualitative and quantitative traits and for resistance to downy mildew. Using the individual selection for quality and quantity traits, it was found that the forms, whose traits were not undergo the inbreeding depression because of the higher homozygosity can be used for development of linear initial material for breeding for heterosis. The forms with the inbreeding depression have to be used for crossbreeding. Along with increasing of homozygosity, the new modified genotypes appear because of potential variability and genes recombination. It allows to make the purposive selection of recombinant forms for valuable traits. The selected onion forms from inbreed progenies of I1-5 from BC1-2F5 which have bulbs of flat and well-rounded-flat shape are characterized by high resistance to downy mildew and bulbs with good storage ability. The selection process of the recombinant forms from progenies of onion interspecific hybrids obtained based on repeated inbreeding is shown. Using such techniques as stage-by-stage crossing of A. Cepa L. and A. fistulosum L., embryo culture, polyploidization, backcrossing, inbreeding, selection of recombinant forms, etc., the technology of creation of new initial breeding material of onion was developed.

The description of a new determinant tomato variety for open field and greenhouse film with the original small dense fruit, keeping quite well its marketable qualities within 15-20 days after harvest in milk maturity phase is given. The fruits are rounded with sharp elongated spout. Fruits are good for fresh consumption, canning and pickling. Recommended for baby food and food for people with problems of the digestive system.

The article presents the results of breeding of new variety of winter garlic “Strelets” developed as a result of clonal selection from local sample acquired in the Altai Territory. The variety trial revealed high seed production of this cultivar. The cultivar is characterized by the big air bulbils and other valuable features.

The nucleotide sequences of two strains of CMV isolated from cucumber and ageratum in the Primorsk region and one strain from pepper isolated in the North Korea have been studied. The phylogenetic linkages among isolated strains and strains of CMV from Genbank were revealed. The intragroup position of the isolated strains of CMV widespread in the Far East was specified.

The influence of the pre-sowing soaking of seeds into the solution of Indian “Mykonet” (Mn) and Russian “Micefit” (Mc) on the different phases of development, morphometric and biochemical indices of cucumber has been studied. The both preparations stimulated seed germination, growth, and development of plants. The Mn contents a mushrooms’ spores, which improve the content of soil beneficial microflora. It can explain the prolong stimulation of this preparation and its efficiency. The Mc contents only mushrooms’ metabolites, which made it less effective in the stimulation of growth and development of the plants. The both preparations improved the development of all phenological phases, increased yield because of earlier and prolonged fruiting. The seed productivity and seed weight were also increased. During two-years investigations, application of the Mn has increased the yield and seed productivity up to 15-18%, while the Mc has increased the yield and seed productivity up to 12-16%. The biochemical characteristics (dry matters, sugars) were also improved.