Relevance. Currently, there is an acute problem of meeting the growing demand for berry and fruit products. One of the ways to intensify agricultural production in the field of horticulture and crop production is to increase the efficiency of environmental management through the use of resource-saving technologies. One of these technologies is drip irrigation, which improves the quality of crop production.Materials and methods. Field studies were carried out on the territory of the educational and experimental farm of the laboratory "Michurinsky Garden" of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. The experiment was established in the fall of 2018 and is a two-factor study of various levels of moisture on the growth and development of raspberry seedlings. The first factor included options for maintaining soil moisture in the range: 1) control (without irrigation); 2) not less than 60% of the lowest moisture capacity; 3) not less than 70% of the lowest moisture capacity; 4) not less than 80% of the lowest moisture capacity. The second factor was the raspberry varieties Solnyshko and Nagrada.Results. Constructed moisture contours according to the study options showed that drip irrigation contributes to the optimum moisture concentration in the soil for seedlings. The most developed root system in comparison with the control was obtained on irrigated variants with maintaining a moisture content of at least 70 and 80% of the lowest moisture capacity. Here, the maximum values of the volume of the root system, the number of roots, and the average length of the root were obtained. It was revealed that in variants with irrigation, the root system of seedlings spreads in the upper layer (mainly 5-15 cm).

Relevance. The adaptive-integrated plant protection system is the basis of biologized protective measures against harmful organisms. This system provides for careful treatment of natural resources, prevents contamination of soil and water with pesticides and agrochemicals. In recent years, legislation and sanitary regulations have increasingly tightened the regulations governing the use of pesticides in crop production. Organic farming is becoming increasingly common. Leading global chemical companies are expanding their research on the biology of manufactured plant protection products: they give them a selective character, reduce the period of their inactivation, respectively, the waiting period. FMC manufactures and supplies to Russia new generation insecticides Verimark® and Benevia® from the chemical class of diamides compatible with the biomethode and having a short waiting time.Methods. In 2020-2021, in the greenhouse complex of the FSVC, an assessment of the biological effectiveness of the insecticides Verimark® and Benevia® on cucumber culture has been carried out. Verimark® was applied by shedding seedlings under the root and applying through a drip system, Benevia® was introduced by ground spraying of vegetating plants.Results. The most problematic cucumber pests in greenhouse are tobacco trips (Thrips tabaci) and greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporarium). As a result of successive additions of the Verimark® (for the root) and Benevia® (for the leaves), the number of tobacco thrips was reduced by 90,8-98,9%. Spraying the plants with Benevia® in admixture with Codacide oil also provided a high positive effect against the greenhouse whitefly. Already on the third day, the number of pests decreased by 90,3%. Protective measures made it possible to increase crop yield by 26.3% in the first turnover and 28.3% in the second. The highest rates of biological efficacy were observed in the use of preparations before the start of pest settlement, which is fully supported by the recommendations of the manufacturer.

Relevance. Tomato is one of the main vegetable crops and is grown everywhere in the open and protected ground in the North Caucasus region of Russia. Therefore, increasing the production of tomato fruits in the open ground is an important task for vegetable growers in the south of our country. There is too much dependence on imported seeds. To get rid of this, it is necessary to increase breeding activity, create domestic varieties and hybrids of tomatoes with high potential productivity, resistant to adverse environmental factors and adapted to local growing conditions.Methods. The research was carried out at the experimental site of the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan, located in the Primorsky lowland, at an altitude of 17 m above sea level. Agrotechnics is generally accepted in the Republic of Dagestan for tomato culture.Results. The results of the research indicate that most of the studied varieties and hybrids belong to plants of the determinant type of early maturation with average stability, with large and medium fruits of flat-rounded and rounded shape, with medium and high yields and relative resistance to fungal diseases. According to the largest number of fruits on the first brush, four varieties differ: Topaz, Yana, Chelnok, Talisman (6.5-5.7). On the basis of the "number of fruits" on the second brush, almost all varieties are marked, which is of interest to breeding. On the basis of the "distance between the brushes" varieties Yana, Marti, Grant, Perst, Topaz – are characterized by a generative (shortened internodes) type of plant (12-16 cm). The source material also differs in the shape of the fruit – 8 samples have a rounded, 3 samples have an elongated oval, 5 samples have a flatrounded and 2 samples have a cuboid shape of the fruit. The color of the fruits in the technical phase of ripeness in the studied varieties and lines was with (8 samples) or without (12 samples) an intense green spot. In biological ripeness 12 varieties and lines have a red color of the fruit.

In Uzbekistan, there is a demand of the population for fresh melon fruits during the off-season. In the Research Institute of Vegetable, Melon Crops and Potato for the first time studies were carried out, when grown in a greenhouse, on the vegetative grafting of melon’s Zarkhal variety on the vegetable marrow varieties used as rootstocks. The aim of the research was to study the effect of vegetable marrow rootstocks on the variability of economically valuable traits of the Zarkhal melon variety and to identify promising combinations of vegetable marrow rootstocks that increase the yield and quality of melon fruits.Methods. The studies were carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the World Vegetable Center. As a control, ungrafted plants of the Zarkhal melon variety were used. For comparison with the control, plants of this variety were grafted onto their own plants. Also, plants of the melon variety Zarkhal (scion) were grafted in combinations on 10 varieties of vegetable marrow, which served as rootstocks. Vegetative grafting of melon on vegetable marrow rootstocks was carried out “in a split” in the phase of the first true leaf when the stem diameter reached 4.1–4.3 mm and plant height 4.4–5.9 cm.Results. In comparison with the control, in combinations of grafting the Zarkhal melon variety onto the Grecheskiye 110, Unumdor, Delicates and Skvorushka varieties of vegetable marrow, the flowering of paternal and female flowers, the onset of fruit formation was observed 2 days earlier. In the same combinations, fruit ripening was observed on 81-82 days, which is 4-5 days earlier than the control (86 days). They also had the tallest plants (203-205 cm), the plants formed 2-4 leaves more than the others. Marketable yields between combinations ranged from 7.89 to 9.75 kg/m2 . The melon variety Zarkhal, grafted onto its own plants, lagged behind the control in all phases of development and yield. The early yield in combinations was from 3.95 to 5.75 kg/m2 and amounted to 53-59% of the yield. The average fruit weight varied from 785 to 810 g.

Relevance. To increase the consumption of tomato and its diversity on the market, it is important to create new varieties that have economically valuable characteristics and are in demand among consumers. The aim of the research was to create a new determinant early-ripening variety of lettuce tomato, plastic, consistently productive, large-fruited, with dense pulp and high taste, tolerant to diseases.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out at the collection site of the Crimean OSS of the VIR branch (Krasnodar Region, Krymsk). The Agata Plus cultivar was obtained by crossing parental forms with subsequent multiple selections against a natural infectious background. As a mother, we used a salad variety of the Russian selection Agata – early maturing, undersized, with an average yield and fruits with good taste and average weight. The paternal form was a hybrid of the Dutch selection F1 Eploz, characterized by early maturity, medium height, medium leafiness, largefruited, dense pulp, consistently high yield and excellent taste of the fruit. The Agata tomato variety included in the State Register of the Russian Federation was taken as a standard.Results. Evaluation of breeding lines for a complex of biological, morphometric, economically valuable traits using individual and mass selections made it possible to obtain the best early ripening form of salad designation, marked by large fruit size, consistently high yield and good taste. In 2017, this form, called Agata Plus, was submitted to the State Variety Test, and since 2020 this variety has been approved for use.

Relevance. Potatoes belong to crops that place high demands on the level of mineral nutrition. He needs nitrogen especially badly. Timely introduction of calculated doses of nitrogen fertilizers based on the results of photometric diagnostics of plants allows rational use of fertilizers and increase potato yields.Material and methods. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone on sod-podzolic medium loamy soils with a high content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium and a low humus content (1,9%). The object of research is an early-ripening potato variety Bullfinch. To recalculate the dose of nitrogen fertilizing, photometric diagnostics of crops was carried out with an optical sensor GreenSeeker RT200. Additionally, before and after fertilizing, a manual N-tester Yara was examined. Before the main harvest, a control digging of tubers was carried out to determine the structure of the crop with division into 4 fractions.Results. It was found that the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers into the top dressing during the closing phase of the tops in the form of ammonium nitrate has a generally favorable effect on the growth and development of potatoes. This is confirmed by the results of photometric diagnostics performed by the Yara N-tester during the withering phase of the tops. When applying top dressing with a fixed dose, the N-tester readings were 21,7% higher than in the control, and when applying fertilizers with a differentiated dose by 25,6%. The yield of potato tubers increased when applying a fixed dose of top dressing by 10,8%, differentiated by 14,5% compared to the control.

Vegetable peas are by far the most widely used among the main vegetable legumes. Due to its high nutritional value, it has an important food value and is cultivated almost everywhere. High nutritional qualities of vegetable peas are determined by the content of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, as well as macro– and microelements. Pea protein is popular due to its affordable price compared to animal protein. The value of pea protein is determined by its amino acid composition and its high balance, especially valuable amino acids that are not synthesized in animals and humans.The article discusses the nutritional value of vegetable peas (green beans; fresh, frozen and canned vegetable peas; dry seeds); the content of water-soluble protein, amino acid composition, the content of macro- and microelements in the seeds of vegetable peas of FSBSI FSVC selection varieties; the quality of green peas as raw materials for canning, depending on the type of seeds and the structure of starch grains; requirements for the quality of raw vegetable peas for canning; seedlings and microgreens as useful and nutritious products for fresh consumption; medicinal properties of vegetable peas; varieties of vegetable peas for various uses.

Relevance. The article analyzes the indicators of white cabbage production in Russia (by districts, subjects of the federation and categories of farms).Methodology. The object of research is the market for the production of white cabbage. The subject of the study is the current state of white cabbage production. The information base of the study was made up of data from FAO, official state statistics, the Federal Customs Service, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Parliamentary hearings of the State Duma Committee on Agrarian Issues, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Eurasian Economic Commission, operational online messages of federal and regional levels, materials of periodicals, scientific seminars, conferences, symposiums, reflecting various aspects of the problem under study.Results. In the industrial sector of vegetable growing, the acreage of cabbage of all types in 2021, in relation to 2020, decreased by 15.8%. Over the past ten years, there has been a decrease in acreage and gross cabbage harvest in farms of all categories. There are a number of systemic problems in Russian vegetable growing that limit the increase in vegetable production and negatively affect its effectiveness: weak technical and material equipment of a significant part of farms engaged in vegetable production, outdated technical base, insufficient provision of crops with seeds of domestic production. One of the leading roles in the implementation of the policy of food security and national independence is played by the selection and seed production of white cabbage. Sanctions make it possible to carry out import substitution of varieties and hybrids of white cabbage. To date, the main task is to abandon the import of seeds of foreign selection, and therefore it is important to focus on creating new hybrids that will be of high quality, good yield, as well as resistance to diseases and pests. Modern hybrids of breeding FGBNU FNTSO and Agrofirm "Poisk" according to the results of testing in leading agricultural organizations fully meet the requirements of the market and can take a worthy place in the fields in the Russian Federation.

Relevance. The genus Allium L. attracts the attention of researchers due to the presence of valuable medicinal, nutritional and decorative properties, adaptive capabilities, resistance to pests and diseases, ecological plasticity in its representatives, which contributes to the competitiveness of species and the manifestation of a high degree of adaptation outside natural areas and wide geographical distribution. Allium resources in Russia are a potential source of genes for expanding the genetic base of agricultural crops.The aim of the work was to establish the yield and change in the quality of green leaves of Allium species introduced into the Moscow region during short-term storage, depending on the type of packaging, storage period and temperature. 4-5-year-old plants of 4 species (A. altyncolicum, A. chyatophorum, A. nutans and A. turkestanicum) were grown on the collection plot of perennial onions of All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – branch of the FSBSI FVSC.Results. In the conditions of the Moscow region, the yield per leaf generation varied from 2.7 kg/m2 (A. altyncolicum) to 4.9 kg/m2 (A. cyathophorum). The maximum yield of marketable products was noted in hermetically sealed plastic bags when stored for 10 days at a temperature of +6...8oС in a refrigerator with controlled conditions: A. turkestanicum – 70.0%, A. cyathophorum – 75.5%, A. altyncolicum – 84.9%, A. nutans – 92.9%. However, an increase in the dry matter content (10.1-15.5%) was found during storage in an open polymer box in all tested species. The maximum content of vitamin C during storage in hermetically sealed bags with a density of 100 μm was found in A. altyncolicum (37.1 mg%) and A. nutans (42 mg%). In other species, the maximum value of this indicator was noted before storage. A slight increase in the amount of sugars after storage for 10 days was noted in species with a linear leaf shape when stored in a polymer box.

Relevance. Modern vegetable production in greenhouses is based on high tech-advantageous, such as vertical hydroponic technology. Increasing of vertical hydroponic market is conditioned with ensuring the food security of states in conditions instability of food deliveries due to violations of traditional logistic connections. The program of vertical tomato hydroponics was developed and used in practice at the FSBSI FSVC in 2010-2020. Productivity potential of Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica cultivated at vertical hydroponic installation have been studied in connection with the spread of consumption of fresh greens and “yellow-green” vegetables.The goal of the study was: the productivity characteristics and analysis of biochemical composition Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica cultivated at the five-circle vertical hydroponic installation with help of natural immunomodulators.Materials and methods. Materials of study: seeds and leaves (rosette of leaves) from 2 varieties of Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica – Japanese variety Salad Mizuna and new variety Salut Jubileiu (originated from FSBSI FSVC); immune modulators – flavonoid glycoside linarozide and steroid glycosides moldstim and trigonellozide.Methods. Seed treatment with 0,005%-water solutions of immune modulators; cultivation plants Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica at the five-circle vertical hydroponic construction; analytical methods: determination of dry meter; determination the sum of antioxidants in leaves of Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica; biometry; statistical methods: one-factorial dispersion analysis and two-factorial dispersion analysis.Results. Possibility of Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica plants cultivation at multi circle hydroponic installations was established by authors. Seed treatment with water solutions of immune modulators wasn’t influence on seedlings appearing (the quality of seeds was very high -99-100%). Height of plant (of rosette) the variety Mizuna was increased as the reaction on the seed treatment, but the weight of plants wasn’t change. Salut Jubileiu variety reacted with increasing the common weight of plants. Number of leaves was increased. The content of dry matter in leaves didn’t change, but the sum content of antioxidants is rise significantly after seed treatment of immune modulators. The conclusion has been made: applying of immune modulators from glycosides class could to increase the productivity, vitamin value and safety cultivation of Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica plants at multi circle hydroponics installation.