In the Armavir marz of the Republic of Armenia, the effect of the load of buds was studied on the growth, yield, and quality indicators of the Nrneni grape variety. This grape variety was created at the Armenian Agricultural Institute, by crossing the 1-17-1 (Alicant Bushe x Cabernet Sauvignon) hybrid form and the Georgian Saperavi varieties. The Nrneni grape variety is lateripening, moderately high-growing, with low frost resistance and high fungal disease resistance. Experimental vineyards were planted at a planting density of 2.5x1.5 m. The vines were formed according to a low-stem multi-arm fan-shaped formation: The load of the vines was studied at 20, 30, 40, and 50 buds. Research findings related to shoot growth, ripening, and harvest quality enable us to recommend the optimal vine load for the Nrneni grape variety in the Armavir marz region. Based on these studies, we suggest maintaining a load of 30–40 buds per vine.

The ratio of stem fruit, skin, pulp, juice, and seeds is determined by mechanical analysis. A grapevine›s ratio between these components is crucial for winemaking, both in terms of yield and quality. This work aims to determine the mechanical composition of the local, less common varieties, Voskehat and Chilar. The weight of the bunch and berries, the number of berries in the bunch, as well as the weight of the seeds and the skin of the ridges are determined. The structure of the bunch, the composition of the berries, and the indicator of the composition of the bunch were calculated: For Chilar grape varieties, this indicator was higher at 1.8, while for Voskehat grape varieties, it was 1.4. Higher juice yields mean higher efficiency of wine production and lower wine costs for technical varieties.

Seven different types of grain grinders were tested under production conditions. Grain grinders with vertical and horizontal cutting organs were selected for investment in mass and feed production. Their technical, economic parameters, and operational reliability were investigated. Based on the statistical evaluation of the operational reliability of grain grinders, the average statistical values of their readiness factor were calculated, which was Kp=0.8 for UHM-2.2, and 0.51 for HHUM-2.2. Meanwhile, it is established that the readiness factor of the machines and equipment used in animal husbandry and feed production should be no less than 0.94. All defects of nodes and machine parts were identified, also scientific and practical recommendations were made to eliminate and improve operational reliability. It has been established that in the case of identifying defects arising during the long-term operation of these grain grinders, eliminating them with appropriate methods, and finally improving their structure and function, it is possible to successfully organize their mass production and implementation in agriculture, particularly feed production.

TIn the current period of agricultural management, when the task is to obtain new breeds of farm animals following modern socio-economic, regional, and natural-geographical requirements and to improve the existing ones, the problem of using the rich gene pool of wild relatives very often arises. It should be noted, however, that the genetic potential of the Armenian Mouflon was not used during the creation of agricultural animals, particularly sheep in Armenia. This was due to several biological barriers, which are currently surmountable with the use of modern biotechnological methods, especially genomic selection. To resolve the issue, we carried out the genetic passportization and barcoding of the Armenian Mouflon kept in the Yerevan Zoo according to ISSR-PCR markers. Five of the 11 ISSR primers used during molecular-genetic research had high activity: (GA)9C, (CA)9G, (CTC)6G, (GTG)6C, and (ACC)6G. A total of 63 or 71.6 % of the 88 ISSR-PCR amplicons were polymorphic. The lowest value of polymorphic DNA fragments was recorded for (ACC)6G (59.1 %) and the highest for (GTG)6C (83.3%) primers. The number of rare alleles, which indicates the originality and homogeneity of the given population, in the experimental group were: (CTC)6G and (GTG)6C. From the analysis of the material obtained during the experimental research, it was possible to decode the genetic formula and barcode of the Armenian Mouflon, which can be used as a test to clarify the identification, origin, and evolution of the species and conduct molecular selection in the breeding processes.

A salting and ripening process is one of the main and most important steps in producing meat products, especially ground-dried and smoked ones, which undergo complex biochemical and microbiological processes and generate low molecular compounds. This ensures the quality and energy value of a finished product. The development of new methods is therefore necessary to accelerate the ripening process and improve the product›s useful properties. This study aims to develop an optimal dosage of rose hip extract that will accelerate and regulate the ripening process and saturate the high levels of vitamin C in the final product. Maturation was carried out under the same thermal conditions, the duration of maturation was determined by pH. The change in vitamin C content in salted semi-finished meat products was also determined. The research results were compared with the technical regulation of Customs Union Technical Regulations 034/2013 “Safety of meat and meat products”. By introducing this technology in the production of meat products, we will increase the shelf life of the finished product, reducing costs by reducing production costs.

Food security of the population is one of the main challenges of the 21st century, which, due to the events of recent years (Artsakh war, pandemic, Russian-Ukrainian conflict, sanctions, export restrictions) and their consequences, has become more acute. The stability of the grain sector in the country is of particular importance from the point of view of improving the food security in Armenia. Based on the study of international practice of state support for agricultural production, the results of analysis on the effectiveness of the state support tools traditionally used in different countries, as well as evaluating the state support for the development of grain production in RA, we have developed a model of state regulation of grain production, where the application of a number of realistic methods and measures is emphasized. The results of the studies document that, despite the government’s efforts to expand grain production, the grain sown areas are decreasing year by year, yield growth is not ensured, and the total growth is decreasing. Studying the international experience of state support for agricultural production, analyzing the results of the effectiveness of the state support tools traditionally used in different countries, as well as evaluating the state support for the development of grain production in RA for 2010-2021, we propose to revise the state regulation tools. In particular, to create a grain commission, form a guarantee and collateral price institute, set grain production and distribution quantities, strengthen contractual relations, form a commodity credit company and a grain price stabilization fund, apply commodity intervention, as well as promote economy-infrastructure intervention. We believe that the mentioned fundamental measures will contribute to the prospective development of grain production, ensure realistic results in the medium term, strengthen the cooperation between the state, production and science, as well as increase the self-sufficiency level of grain and, most importantly, will contribute to ensuring the food security of the Republic of Armenia.

In recent years, urban green plantings have been significantly reduced in Yerevan; at the same time, due to geoplastic changes, scattered landscapes and rock walls have appeared, which significantly spoil the beautiful appearance of the capital. Therefore, there is a need to implement vertical landscaping. For vertical greening in residential areas, woody lianas are usually used, and in some cases, also grassy lianas and ampelous flowers. In order to improve and green the landscapes, we carried out ecological and biological research on a route basis, carried out appropriate geodetic measurements, and then prepared phytoplans and estimates for greening of some areas and landscapes. In the autumn of 2022, Yerevan Municipality “Greening and Environmental Protection” Community Non­Commercial Organization (“GEP” CNCO) has planted ivy, campsis, and creepers on both sides of the tunnel leading to Saralanj at the beginning of Myasnikyan Avenue (in an area of 70 square meters), due to which the roadside areas will turn into green, blooming landscapes. The selection of lianas was made according to the latter’s dendrocirculation indicators, decorative features and ecological flexibility. In the coming years, “Greening and Environmental Protection” CNCO will carry out vertical greening according to the above principle in similar landscapes of Myasnikyan Avenue, as well as Saralanj and Tsitsernakaberd highways (in the sections, that have undergone geoplastic change), turning the mentioned areas into green and blooming landscapes.

The aim of the work is to study the growing dynamics of total sugars, acids and phenolic compounds (flavonoids, anthocyanins) in Sev Areni grape berries in conditions of organic farming depending on the buds’ load rate. The studies were conducted in 2020-2021. The vineyard belonging to “Hin Areni” CJSC, established in 2007-2008, is located in the Areni community of Vayots Dzor marz, at an altitude of 1200 m above sea level. At the start of the trials, 5 hectares of the garden (10 ha) were cultivated with organic methods. The experiments were carried out in four replications through the method of Lazarevskiy including 15 vines in each option. The dynamics of berry ripening was studied according to vine load. Sugar content (refractometric method), titratable acidity (using OIV-MA-AS313-01 method), pH, total phenolic content of fruit juice was determined three times. According to study results, the amount of flavonoids and anthocyanins changes during grape ripening, depending on the vine load. Along with the grapes maturation, sugar content of the fruit juice increases, the acidity decreases. However, parallel to the increase in vine load, the sugar content decreases. In the option of 50 bud load the sugar content decreases. The harvested yield lags behind the option of 30-40 bud load in its qualitative properties. Thus, it is not recommended to use high bud loading option in the organic farming. Based on the study results, it is recommended to use 30-40 bud vine loads of Sev Areni variety in conditions of vineyards organic farming.

In recent years, the use of probiotics has increased unprecedently, regardless of their origin and characteristics. In particular, the use of probiotics for nutritional and therapeutic purposes in infants and patients with a number of diseases (malignant neoplasms, diabetes, post-transplant period, etc.) needs reviews and clinical justification. Currently, in the production of dairy products, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of intestinal origin are of particular interest, which is explained by the fact that the final target of probiotics is the intestine of an animal or a person. However, there is some skepticism about the efficacy of using human gut-derived LABs in dairy production. LABs are widespread in nature: exist in large quantities in plant residues, soil, human and animal intestines. LABs are widely used both in health care and agriculture, as well as in fisheries and fish production. A task was set up to study a series of biosafety indicators of yoghurts obtained from the Lpb. plantarum ZPZ, Lcb. rhamnosus str. Vahe.am, Lpb. plantarum K1-3, L. delbrueckii IAHAHI probiotic strains. Yoghurts produced with biosafety indicators corresponding to the risk of spreading antibiotic resistance in yoghurts, heavy metals and M1 aflatoxin content, as well as to international standards for microbiological indicators were obtained from new probiotics isolated from the intestinal microbiota of children (Lpb. plantarum ZPZ, Lcb. rhamnosus str. Vahe) and dairy products (Lpb. plantarum K1-3, L. delbrueckii IAHAHI). The results of our research prove that yoghurts obtained from lactic acid bacteria of different origins are harmless to health.

The increase of confectionery production volumes and expansion of product range are related to the development of technologies for new raw materials application and to the wide product range manufacture. According to the conducted investigations the rose­hip can be applied as a preventive and curative raw material. Upon the development of the mathematical model for rose­hip CO2 extraction regime parameters, the efficiency of new equipment application and extraction process has been proved. According to the conducted experiments, the maximum yield of carotenoid pigments in the solution is ensured at a relatively lower temperature of the solution. Therefore, the task was set to identify two dependencies: the yield of CO2­solution and the yield of the total amount of carotenoid pigments in that solution depending on the duration and temperature of the process. The optimal parameters of the dissolution process have been determined by the mathematical planning method. As a result of the mathematical modeling of the technological process of CO2­dissolution, it has been found out that the yield of the solution within the studied ultrasound frequencies ranges from 1.0­1.2, while the content of carotenoids in the solution is within 90­91.5 %. Moreover, it has been found out that the maximum values of the mentioned outputs are obtained at temperatures of +15...+22 0C. Thus, according to the research results, sweet brier (rose hips) can be used as a preventive medicine.