Fusarium wilt disease is one of the major plant diseases that affect tomato production. The effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) and willow (Salix babylonica) aqueous extracts on fusarium wilt disease in tomato seedlings were investigated. Four weeks old tomato seedlings were treated with 10% of either neem and willow aqueous extracts and then infected with Fusarium oxysporum after 4 days of treatment. The results showed that the percentage of disease incidence was increased in non treated tomato seedlings in time dependent manner and reached the maximum level (65%) after 6 weeks of infection. Treatments of tomato plants with neem and willow aqueous extracts reduced the percentage of disease incidence to the level of 25.5% and 27.8% after 6 weeks of infection respectively. The results show that infection of tomato seedling with Fusarium oxysporum led to many morphological and biochemical changes including, reducing the growth of tomato shoot and root, increasing the level of lipid peroxidation and marked increase in the activities of antioxidant defensive enzyme i.e. POX, CAT, and SOD. Treatment with neem and willow aqueous extracts significantly exhibited a growth promotion of tomato shoot and root in infected or non infected seedling. Moreover, application of neem and willow aqueous extracts with fusarium, significantly reduce the level of lipid peroxidation and induce high activities of antioxidant defensive enzymes after 3 and 7 days of infection. Electrophoretic pattern of POX demonstrated that Fusarium oxysporum caused up regulation of several POX isoenzymes. It could be concluded that neem and willow aqueous extracts reduced the disease incidence of fusarium wilt in tomato seedlings by increasing the activities of antioxidant defensive enzymes and decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation.

The phytochemical studies on Zingiber officinale rhizomes revealed that it contains traces of flavonoid, carbohydrates, tannins, steroles or terpenoids and it is free from alkaloids.Assay of essential oil of Zingiber officinale rhizome was also carried out. The alcoholic extract of the plant rhizome, was examined against five tumor cell lines, BHK-2, HEPG-2, MCF-7, HCT-2 and HEP-2, using SRB. assay. All cell lines were growth inhibited in a dose dependent manner after exposure to the plant extract. The antitumor activity of the plant extract using E.A.C. method, showed a high activity against mice tumor.

Understanding the sorption process in natural zeolite and bentonite is necessary for effective utilization of these minerals as nutrient adsorbents and on the other side for controlling release of plant nutrients. This research was undertaken to characterize the ability of natural zeolite and bentonite minerals to adsorb and release zinc and manganese. The potentials for sorption of these ions were evaluated by applying the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The results showed that Langmuir constant [maximum adsorption (b mmol kg-1)] of both Zn and Mn were for bentonite > zeolite While the [binding strength values (k in L.mmol-1)] for zeolite > bentonite      Zn in case of zeolite showed the lowest desorbed percentage particularly at high levels of sorbed Zn. Only, 74.7 % is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 25.3 % Zn retained by the mineral. In case of bentonite, 82.26 % of sorbed Zn is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 17.74 % Zn retained by the mineral. In case of Mn, 84.63% of Mn sorbed by zeolite is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 15.37% Mn retained by the mineral. In case of bentonite, 89.79 % of adsorbed Mn is readily extractable by DTPA after three successive extractions leaving, 10.21 % Mn retained by the mineral.      This finding may reflect clearly the possibility of using natural zeolite and bentonite as a slow release fertilizer for Zn and Mn and on the other hand preventing soil pollution with heavy metals.

Farm animals have a high economic importance because of their important products such as meat, milk, hair as well as skin, not only in our country but also all over the world. These animals can be infected by serious pathogens, external and   internal parasites causing severe damage, which result in losses of animal production. Accordingly, the study of external parasites with light microscope and scanning electron microscope were recorded, to clarify the exact composition of species. Also, differences in the morphological characteristics between the two Myiasis species: Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1758)and Cephalopina titillator (Clark 1797), were investigated.

The recent study aims to: identify the degree of farmers implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalization of water use in New valley Governorate. In addition, identifying the independent variables affecting the degree of farmers implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalization of water use as a dependent variable. In order to accomplish the study objectives, new valley Governorate was selected as a filed study. A systematic random sample of 212 farmers was selected. This sample represents about 5% of  the total farmers in three villages in New valley Governorate. A questionnaire was designed and collected using the personal interview (after it was pre- tested) during may 2011. Then, the data were tabulated and analyzed by using simple correlation coefficient, stepwise regression. The study finding showed that about 14% of the total sample have low level of implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalization of water use. Medium category represents about 50%, and high category of implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalization of water use represents about 36% of the total sample. Results revealed by using stepwise regression showed that three variables affected the degree of implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalizations of water use, and these variables explained about 51% of the total variance of the implementations for the recommendations of the technical rationalization of water use. Those variables were: farmland holding size, respondent attitude towards the extension activities, finally respondent degree of formal social participation.