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Study on the prevalence and genetic diversity of Eimeria species from broilers and free-range chickens in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa
2020
Fatoba, Abiodun J.(University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences School of Life Sciences) | Zishiri, Oliver T.(University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences School of Life Sciences) | Blake, Damer P.(The Royal Veterinary College Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences) | Peters, Sunday O.(Berry College Department of Animal Science) | Lebepe, Jeffrey(University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology) | Mukaratirwa, Samson(University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences School of Life Sciences) | Adeleke, Matthew A.(University of KwaZulu-Natal College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences School of Life Sciences)
This study was conducted from January to October 2018 with the objective to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Eimeria species in broiler and free-range chickens in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. A total of 342 faecal samples were collected from 12 randomly selected healthy broiler chicken farms and 40 free-range chickens from 10 different locations. Faecal samples were screened for the presence of Eimeria oocysts using a standard flotation method. The species of Eimeria isolates were confirmed by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) partial region and sequences analysis. Among broiler and free-ranging chickens, 19 out of 41 pens (46.3%) and 25 out of 42 faecal samples (59.5%) were positive for Eimeria infection. Molecular detection revealed the following species: Eimeria maxima, Eimeria tenella, Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria brunetti and Eimeria mitis in all the samples screened. Similarly, polymerase chain reaction assays specific for three cryptic Eimeria operational taxonomic units were negative for all the samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS-1 sequences supported species identity with the greatest variation detected for E. mitis. This study provides information on the range and identity of Eimeria species, and their genetic relatedness, circulating in commercially reared broilers and free-ranging chickens from different locations in KwaZulu-Natal province.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Study on the efficacy and safety of different antigens and oil formulations of infectious coryza vaccines containing an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum
2009
Dungu, B.(Onderstepoort Biological Products) | Brett, B.(Onderstepoort Biological Products) | Macdonald, R.(Onderstepoort Biological Products) | Deville, S.(SEPPIC) | Dupuis, L.(SEPPIC) | Theron, J.(University of Pretoria Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology) | Bragg, R.R.(University of the Free State)
The present study was designed to assess and compare three different formulations of the new Onderstepoort infectious coryza (IC) quadrivalent vaccine, which contain an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum (previously known as Haemophilus paragallinarum), and a commercial IC vaccine, not containing an NAD-independent strain, for their safety and ability to protect chickens of varying ages against virulent challenges with four different serovars of A. paragallinarum, including the NAD-independent strain of the C-3 serovar. Four groups of 140 chickens each were vaccinated at the age of 17 weeks and revaccinated at the age of 19 weeks with each of the four vaccine formulations. A similar sized group of non-vaccinated chickens was used as control. Two rounds of challenge were conducted: a group of chicken in each vaccination group was challenged between 31 and 35 weeks of age, while another group was challenged between 51 and 55 weeks of age. The "in-contact" challenge model was used in this experiment. For each vaccination group, the four challenge strains representing four local serovars were used in each challenge round. The efficacy of the vaccines was compared based on overall protection levels obtained and the duration of protection. The safety of the different vaccines was determined by the severity of post-vaccination reactions. The need for the incorporation of the NAD-independent strain in the vaccine was evidenced by the low protection level against NAD-independent challenge recorded in the group of birds vaccinated with the commercial vaccine. The results obtained confirmed not only the variation in virulence of different South African serovars, with serovar C-3 being the most virulent and serovar B having almost no virulence but also the age related increase in susceptibility. The importance of a suitable formulation of the vaccine is discussed.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]A survey of parasitic nematode infections of chickens in rural Zimbabwe
2001
Mukaratirwa, S. | Hove, T. (Zimbabwean Univ., Harare (Zimbabwe). Paraclinical Veterinary Studies Dept.) | Esmann, J.B. | Hoj, C.J. | Permin, A. | Nansen, P.
Antibodies to Newcastle disease virus in the sera of indigenous chickens in Oodi, Kgatleng, Botswana
2001
Mushi, E.Z. (Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone (Botswana)) | Binta, M.G. | Chabo, R.G. | Hyera, J.M.K. | Thibanyane, K.M. | Mkaria, J.
Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae antibodies in the sera of indigenous chickens by rapid serum agglutination test at Mmopane, Gaborone, Botswana
1999
Mushi, E.Z. (Botswana College of Agriculture, Gaborone (Botswana)) | Binta, M.G. | Chabo, R.G. | Mathaio, M. | Ndebele, R.T.
A lectin histochemical study of the thoracic respiratory air sacs of the fowl
Bezuidenhout, A.J.(Cornell Univ., Ithaca (USA))
Genetic organisation of the capsule transport gene region from Haemophilus paragallinarum
2004
De Smidt, O. | Albertyn, J. | Bragg, R.R. | Van Heerden, E. (Free State Univ., Bloemfontein (South Africa). Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology Dept.)
Characterization of a pigeon paramyxovirus (PPMV-1) isolated from chickens in South Africa
2004
Abolnik, C. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Inst.) | Horner, P. | Maharaj, R. | Viljoen, G.J.
Multiplication of the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus in Madin Derby bovine kidney cells
2002
Sahle, M. (National Animal Health Research Centre, Sebeta (Ethiopia)) | Burgess, W.G. | Kidanemariam, A.
Predation of livestock ticks by chickens as a tick-control method in a resource-poor urban environment
1997
Dreyer, K. | Fourie, L.J. | Kok, D.J. (Orange Free State Univ., Bloemfontein (South Africa). Dept. of Zoology and Entomology)