The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of bovine amniotic membrane grafts on healing of full-thickness skin wound in dogs. Two 3cm*3cm area-matched full-thickness skin wounds were induced bilaterally on the dorsolateral aspect of the trunk of 15 dogs Chlorhexidine-treated amnion, dried amnion, silver sulfadiazine and 0.9% sterile saline solution were applied on the wound area and examined grossly and histopathologically. Begining 14 days after wounding, amnion applied group had appreciably less amount of inflammatory exudate and hemorrhage than sulfadiazine and saline treated groups. From 14 days after wounding, the degree of wound contraction in amnion groups, especially in the dried amnion group was greater than that of the sulfadiazine and saline treated groups. The percentages of wounds completely healed on 28 days after wounding in saline treated group, chlorhexidine-treated amnion group, dried amnion group and sulfadiazine treated group were 33%, 50%, 83% and 50%, respectively. Microscopically neovascularization and fibrosis were first noticed on 5 days after wounding in the dried amnion group and sulfadiazie treated group, on 7 days in the chlorhexidine-treated amnion group and on 14 days in the saline treated group. Epithlialization in thedried amion and sulfadizine treated groups ws first noticed on 9 days after wounding, which was faster than that in the other groups. The present study suggests that bovine amniotic membrane, especially dried bovine amnion is effective on healing of full-thickness skin wound in dogs through both wound contraction and epithelialization.

We performed this study to evaluate the potential clinical marker of urinary trypsinogen-2 together with amylase, lipase and urinary amylase creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in dogs. In the experiment on daily changing pattern of amylase, lipase and ACCR measurements in experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs, compared to values measured in pre-induction state, significant difference was seen in amylase until 5th day of induction, and for lipase significant difference was found during the 7th day of observation period (p0.05). No significant difference was found in ACCR for the study period (p0.05). On SDS-PAGE analysis of urine from experimentally induced pancreatitis dog, The 26kd band was markedly increased compared with that of normal state and that band was confirmed trypsinogen-2 using substrate interaction and isoelectric focusing assay after being eluted. When assessing the appearance of 26kd band on urine SDS-PAGE 87.1% (range:50~100%) of experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs showned positive results, whereas no corresponding band was seen in dog without pancreatic disorders. With this result, determination of urinary trypsinogen-2 assay was found to have a high diagnostic value with a 70% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity as a routine test for pancreatitis, although the detection of trypsinogen-2 in urine can be varied on the progressionstage of pancreatitis at the initial visit to animal clinic. We therefore suggest that the promising results in this study be used for the development of dipstick test for detecting acute pancreatitis in the future research.

Fifteen dogs with superficial pyoderma were investigated clinically. Dermatological signs were mainly consisted of papule (66.6%), pustule (86.6%), epidermal collrarette and patchy (40%), and hyperpigmentation (53.3%). Distribution of skin lesion were consisted of back (35.5%), abdomen (29.0%), axillary (6.4%), leg (3.2%), neck (3.6%) and foot (16.1%), respectively. In pustular cytology PMN cells and cocci were examined. Cephalexin was very effective antibiotics on superficial pyoderma at administration of 30mg/kg bid P.O.for 3 weeks. Hyperadrenocorticism and atopy were diagnosed as a primary cause on pyoderma in 2 dogs.

This study was performed to evaluate anesthetic and cardiovascular effects of xylazine/fentanyl/azaperone and medetomidine/midazolam as preanesthetics and their combinations with antagonists in halothane-anesthetized dogs. Eight clinically healthy dogs(4.54+_2.16kg) were used at the interval of more than 14 days between experiments in turn for propionyl promazine(PP 0.3mg/kg, IM), xylazine/fentanyl/azaperone(XFA 2mg/kg, 0.0137mg/kg, 0.11mg/kg, IM), medetomidine/midazolam(MM 0.02mg/kg, 0.3mg/kg, IM), combination of XFA and their antagonists (yohimbine 0.05mg/kg, naloxon 0.0005 mg/kg, IV) and combination of MM and their antagonist(atipamezole 0.08mg/kg IM). The sedation induction times in XFA(2.56+_1.01 min) and MM(5.44+_2.07 min) groups were sighificantly better than that of PP group(10.75+_2.38 min)(p0.05). The thiopental sodium dose required for tracheal intubation in XFA(2.38+_3.38mg/kg) and MM(3.91+_3.47mg/kg)groups were significantly less than that of PP group(12.57+_2.13mg/kg)(p0.05). All time indices expressing the recovery(pedal refles recurrence time, extubation time, arousal time, standing time and walking time) were significantly shorter in the combination groups of XFA or MM with their antagonistis than in PP, XFA and MM groups(p0.05). The suppressions of cardiovascular function of XFA and MM were more than that of PP. Heart rate and cardiac output were recovered by the antagonists of XFA and MM, but mean arterial pressure were not recovered by the antagonists.

The purpose of this study was to compare easiness of application of polypropylene external total ring prosthesis (PPTRP, Group A) with that of polyvinylchloride external total ring prosthesis (PVCTRP, Group B), which were used for surgical correction of tracheal collapse in dogs. PPTRP was made from 3 ml syringe and PVCTRP from the drip chamber of intravenous administration set. Prostheses of group A (n=5) and B (n=5) were placed to cervical trachea in clinically normal 10 dogs, respectively weighing between 4 kg and 6 kg. There were mild coughing and swelling in one to three dogs of both groups for 3 days after surgery.

To establish a prediction table of parturition day real-time B-mode ultrasonographic examinations were performed in 12 pregnant Shih-tzu bitches. Measurement of inner chorionic cavity diameter and fetal head diameter was performed from 15 days of gestation to parturition. These were converted retrospectively based on the day of parturition (Day 0). The data of inner chorionic cavity diameter obtained from Day -44 to Day -25 and fetal head diameter obtained from Day -25 to Day -1 were used to compile a prediction table of parturition day.

The aim of this study was to establish selective hepatic artery catheterization technique through percutaneous femoral artery puncture and to offer digital subtraction angiography(DSA) of hepatic artery in beagle dogs. Percutaneous femoral artery puncture was performed with Sheldinger's method. Microferret TM- 18 Infusion catheter(William, Cook, Europe) was introduced into abdominal aorta. Then, under fluoroscopy, iopamidol 370(Bracco, Italy) was injected to identify celiac artery and `J' shpaed guide wire was introduced into celiac artery. Catheter could be introduced into celiac artery through guide wire. In this manner, catheter was located at the insertion of hepatic artery and DSA was performed. In DSA of beagle dogs, hepatic artery which was divided into lateral branch, right-medial branch, right-lateral branch of hepatic artery, cystic artery and gastroduodenal artery was opacified without superimposition of any other body structure and so was the parenchyme of liver afterward. In autopsy angiographic finding of resected liver, cystic artery, caudate branch, lateral branch, right-medial branch, right-lateral branch and quadrate branch of hepatic artery were identifed. It was concluded that selective hepatic artery catheterization technique was a minimally invasive method that facillitated the approach of hepatic artery and DSA was an excellent tool to visualize the vessle of liver in dogs.

With the increasing population of companion dogs, the social cost derived from their behavioral problems is increasing. Therefore, it is important to understand the environment to provide experience for dogs via interactions with their owners to prevent and solve these problems. The parenting behavior of dog owners as an environmental factor has a profound impact on the behavior development of dogs, as does the parenting behavior on children. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a scale to assess the dog owner’s parenting behavior. Exploratory factor analysis involving 300 participants resulted in a scale with four subscales, Positive Education, Involvement of Socialization, Intimacy, and Stable Responses, and 19 items. Confirmatory factor analysis was then performed to verify its reliability and validity. The result of parenting behaviors assessed by this scale was significantly different between a group with dogs with problematic behavior (n = 141) and those without (n = 159). Overall, a dog owner’s parenting behavior involves affection and control aspects, but the role required specifically in the control aspect is distinguished from the parenting behavior with children. The findings in the present study will provide dog owners with effective education that will help prevent dogs from developing behavioral problems.

This study assessed the effects of Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU on oral health in male and female beagles (n = 18) by measuring oral malodor and periodontal disease-related parameters (calculus, plaque, and gingivitis indices). Oral malodor and indicators of periodontal disease were assessed in five treatment groups: negative control (scaling and 0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), positive control (0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), and W. cibaria CMU groups (each n = 4) at low (CMU-L, 2 × 107 colony forming unit [CFU]), medium (CMU-M, 2 × 108 CFU), and high (CMU-H, 2 × 109 CFU) concentrations. After feeding with W. cibaria CMU for 6 weeks, total volatile sulfur compound concentrations in the CMU-L (2.0 plus-minus 1.04 ng/10 mL), CMU-M (2.4 plus-minus 1.05 ng/10 mL), and CMU-H (2.6 plus-minus 1.33 ng/10 mL) groups were significantly lower than in the positive control group (3.2 plus-minus 1.65 ng/10 mL). Also, CMU-L (1.4 plus-minus 0.83 ng/ 10 mL) and CMU-H (1.9 plus-minus 1.14 ng/10 mL) groups had methyl mercaptan levels lower than that in the positive control group (2.4 plus-minus 1.21 ng/10 mL) at week 2. The plaque index was significantly lower in the CMU-H group (4.5 plus-minus 0.28) than in the positive control group (5.9 plus-minus 1.08) at week 6. W. cibaria CMU could be useful as a novel oral hygiene probiotics for reducing volatile sulfur compounds production and inhibiting plaque growth in companion animals.

The pathological features of a mass in the back skin region of an 8-year-old castrated male dog are described herein. The cut section of the tumor was white to tan with a soft multilobulated mass containing hemorrhagic and necrotic foci and a mucinous-like composition. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of a mixture of lipocytes, lipoblasts, spindle cells and stellate cells and had a myxoid background. Oil red O staining revealed that the cytoplasm of neoplastic cells contained large numbers of lipid droplets. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein. The skin mass was diagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma.