Medicinal products in Europe are under the strict control of many organisations headed by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare (EDQM) in Strasbourg and its related General European Official Medicines Control Laboratories (OMCLs) Network (GEON). The EDQM works in cooperation with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). All of these institutions have one main goal – to protect public health in Europe and around the world. One of the more important effects of the harmonisation of pharmaceutical law in Europe was the introduction of the mutual recognition principle for the Official Control Authority Batch Release (OCABR)/Official Batch Protocol Review (OBPR) certificates in the European Union. The National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Poland is an example of an OMCL laboratory within the Veterinary Batch Release Network (VBRN) that issues the European certificates. The NVRI is actively involved in the batch release of immunological veterinary medicinal products (IVMPs), with approximately 1,800 certificates for IVMPs issued per year. It is also one of only four veterinary OMCLs that perform Post Marketing Surveillance (PMS) studies including approximately 47 IVMPs per year. All the results of the testing data are sent to the Chief Veterinary Officer, and also to the electronic Network platforms of the EDQM, which enables transparent information exchange.

A ema (Rhea americana) é uma ave sul-americana do grupo das ratitas, da ordem Rheiforme, freqüentemente explorada com fins econômicos, como pecuária alternativa em países europeus e sul-americanos. No Brasil, destaca-se o Rio Grande do Sul e, em fase inicial, o Nordeste. O presente estudo objetivou descrever a morfologia das células sangüíneas em ema. Neste trabalho foram utilizados dez exemplares, desconsiderando-se idade e sexo. Foram colhidos 3mL de sangue periférico por punção da veia braquial, com seringa descartável. As amostras foram utilizadas, em parte, na confecção de extensões coradas com Leishman. Feita a análise morfológica ao Microscópio de Luz, foram observados sete tipos celulares nucleados. O eritrócito mostrou-se elíptico, com núcleo geralmente condensado, de forma elíptica; citoplasma acidófilo. O trombócito apresentou-se elíptico, com núcleo localizado em um dos pólos; citoplasma pálido. Quanto aos leucócitos, de forma arredondada, entre os granulócitos os heterófilos apresentaram-se com núcleo excêntrico, condensado, lobulado; citoplasma rico em grânulos fusiformes de coloração salmão. Os eosinófilos distinguem-se dos heterófilos pelos grânulos arredondados eosinofílicos. Os basófilos destacam-se dos outros granulócitos pelo núcleo grande e central, com grânulos citoplasmáticos específicos arredondados e fortemente basofílicos. Entre os agranulócitos, os monócitos mostraram núcleo rineforme, freqüentemente central, de cromatina frouxa, com pequenas áreas de condensação; citoplasma levemente basofílico e com vacúolos. Os linfócitos apresentaram-se variados em forma e tamanho; núcleo grande com cromatina frouxa, com alguns nucléolos; citoplasma escasso e basofílico. As células do sangue periférico de Rhea americana apresentam ao Microscópio de Luz morfologia semelhante às demais aves já estudadas. | The rhea (Rhea americana) is a South American bird of the ratite group and of the Rheiformes order. It has been exploited for economical purposes, as cattle alternative in European and South American countries. In Brazil, the State of Rio Grande do Sul is outstanding, in rhea rearing and it is in the process of implantation in the Country Northeasty Region. This work aims to describe the morphology of the blood cells in rheas. In this work ten rheas were used, regardless age and sex. Two ml of peripheral blood were collected by puncture of the brachial vein with disposable syringe. The samples here partially used to make extensions with Leishman stain. Seven types of nucleate cells have been observed through morphologic analysis on the light microscope. The erythrocyte revealed an elliptical form, with condensed nucleus of elliptical form; acidophilic cytoplasm. The thrombocyte revealed an elliptical form, with nucleus located in one of the polar regions; pale cytoplasm. As to the round-shaped leukocytes, within the granulocytes, the heterophils presented excentric, condensed, and lobulated nucleus; cytoplasm rich in fusiform salmon-colored granules. The eosinophils distinguish from the heterophils due to the round eosinophilic granules. The basophils stand out from the other granulocytes due to its large and central nucleus with round specific cytoplasmic and highly basophilic granules. Within the agranulocytes, the monocytes presented reniform nucleus, which is frequently central, with slack chromatin, with small areas of condensation; cytoplasm lightly basophilic and with vacuoles. The lymphocytes presented varies forms and sizes; large nucleus with slack chromatin with some nucleoli; scarce and basophilic cytoplasm. The cells of the peripheral blood of Rhea americana present on the light microscope morphology similar to the other birds which have already been studied.

In this work we analyzed 74 (seventy-four) samples of rhea serum from ten different breeders located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The serologic exam accomplished was indirect hemaglutination test, in agreement with the norms extolled by the manufacturer of the used Kit, for detection and quantification of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. The considered minimum titration was the larger dilution or same to the 1/8 (one-eight). The analysis of the results demonstrated that a small amount (8,10%) of these animals were infected with the parasite, however 40% of the properties where the samples were obtained presented reacting animals. Those results point out the importance of a study more deepened on the immunological susceptibility of these ratites to the agent of the toxoplasmosis. | Neste trabalho foram analisados 74 amostras de soro de emas provenientes de dez criatórios diferentes localizados no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O exame sorológico realizado foi hemaglutinação indireta, de acordo com as normas preconizadas pelo fabricante do Kit utilizado, para detecção e quantificação de anticorpos contra Toxoplasma gondii. A titulação mínima considerada foi a diluição maior ou igual a 1/8. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que uma pequena quantidade (8,10%) destes animais estava infectada pelo parasita, no entanto 40% das propriedades onde as amostras foram obtidas apresentaram animais reagentes. Esses resultados salientam a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado sobre a susceptibilidade imunológica destas ratitas ao agente da toxoplasmose.