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Sintomas mentais em homeopatia versus neurociência em medicina veterinária
2015
Irvenia Luiza de Santis Prada | Marcela de Santis Prada
O objetivo deste estudo foi o de conhecer a devida correspondência entre os sintomas mentais considerados na homeopatia e as várias regiões e estruturas identificáveis no encéfalo dos animais. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as sensações e emoções muito primitivas, como medos e fobias, interagem pontualmente com regiões evolutivamente também muito primitivas do cérebro (como amígdala e núcleos septais), enquanto sentimentos “nobres” como afeto e lealdade interagem holisticamente com várias estruturas cerebrais evolutivamente mais recentes, tais como as áreas neocorticais terciárias associativas (área pré-frontal e temporal). No primeiro caso, as manifestações orgânicas são mediadas pelo sistema nervoso autônomo com sinais fisiológicos de taquicardia, elevação da pressão arterial, vasoconstrição periférica, eriçamento de pelos, midríase e secreção de hormônios como adrenalina e cortisol (disfluência comportamental), enquanto na outra situação apontada, eventuais manifestações orgânicas são harmoniosas e serenas (fluência comportamental). O conteúdo de todo o texto do trabalho é indicativo do interesse prático dos dados obtidos para o clínico veterinário homeopata, ressaltando-se nesse contexto a validação do uso de repertórios homeopáticos humanos na clínica veterinária, evidentemente com as devidas precauções sempre balizadas pelo bom senso do profissional.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Anatomy of the pericalosum artery of the encephalon of the neotropical primates and his frontal and parietal branches (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1766) | Anatomia das artérias pericalosas do encéfalo de primata neotropical e seus ramos frontais e parietais (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1766)
2004
Juliana Soares Pires | Jussara Rocha Ferreira
The anatomy of peri-callosum arteries and its branches were studied in Cebus apella monkeys. Thirty cerebral hemispheres were dissected under magnifying glasses. After having been injected with coloured latex (neoprene 450) and fixed in formaldehyde solution at 10%. The peri-callosun arteries of bath antimeres represent terminal bifurcation branches of the inter-hemispheric artery in four different dispositions. Its branches were distributed in the following cerebral regions: a branch in the fronto-polar region; from one to branches in the superior frontal region; from one to four branches in the post-central region. In this sector, the artery contributed to vascularize the pre and post-central regions, where its branches are located obove the inter-hemispheric artery branches. It demonstrates a rich vascularization in this cortical area. The peri-callosum vessels ends up by distributing themselves in the medium parietal region of the encephalon. | Estudou-se no primata Cebus apella a anatomia das artérias pericalosas e seus ramos em trinta hemisférios cerebrais dissecados sob lupa injetados com látex corado (Neoprene 450) e fixados em formol a 10%. As artérias pericalosas nos dois antímeros representaram ramos de bifurcação terminal da artéria inter-hemisférica em quatro diferentes arranjos, com ramos distribuídos para as seguintes regiões corticais: fronto polar, um ramo; frontal superior, de um a dois ramos; pré-central, de um a quatro ramos; pós-central, de um a quatro ramos. As atérias contribuíram para vascularizar as regiões pré e pós-central, onde seus ramos se superpuseram aos ramos da artéria inter-hemisférica, demonstrando a importância funcional desta área. Os vasos pericalosos terminaram se distribuindo na região parietal medial do encéfalo deste primata.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Comparison between ultrasound images of the dog brain with and without the calvaria and its correlation with real anatomy | Comparação entre imagens ultrassonográficas do cérebro do cão com e sem a calota craniana e sua correlação com a anatomia real
2013
Carla Aparecida Batista Lorigados | Ana Carolina Brandão Fonseca Pinto
<p>Bones are believed to be an effective barrier to obtain sonographic images. In fact, the large difference between acoustic impedances of surfaces of the soft and bone tissues generates significant image artifacts. However, transmission of the ultrasound beam depends on bone thickness and structure. Therefore, the temporal bone has been used as an acoustic window to access the brain of adult patients with ultrasonography. The purpose of this study was to assess the brain of adult dogs using ultrasonography with and without bone interposition, compare the images, and correlate them with the brain anatomy. Ten mesaticephalic adult dogs were used, and the ultrasound examination was performed through the magnum orifice and on the temporal, lateral parietal, and frontal bones. A small craniotomy was performed in the frontal bone for examination without bone interposition. We were able to acquire images of the brain with bone interposition. However, resolution of these images was lower than the ones obtained by craniotomy. Important anatomical structures were identified. Regarding the correlation and the wide availability of ultrasound equipment, it was concluded that ultrasound can be used as a tool for monitoring expansive intracranial lesions or in intraoperative procedures.</p> | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Os ossos são tidos como uma barreira intransponível para obtenção de imagens sonográficas, pois a grande diferença entre as impedâncias acústicas das superfícies de tecidos moles e ósseos gera importantes artefatos de reflexão, contudo, a transmissão do feixe ultrassônico depende da espessura e da estrutura óssea e neste caso o osso temporal tem sido usado como uma janela acústica para o acesso, por ultrassonografia, do encéfalo de pacientes adultos. O presente trabalho examinou o encéfalo de cães adultos com o emprego da ultrassonografia com e sem a interposição do crânio, comparou as imagens obtidas e as correlacionou com a anatomia encefálica. Foram examinados dez cães adultos, mesaticefálicos. O exame ultrassonográfico foi realizado através do orifício magno e dos ossos temporal, parietal (porção lateral) e frontal. No exame sem a interposição óssea foi realizada uma pequena craniotomia no osso frontal. As imagens do encéfalo com a interposição óssea apresentaram resolução inferior às obtidas por craniotomia. Importantes estruturas anatômicas foram identificadas. Devido à correlação e a sua ampla disponibilidade, concluiu-se que o aparelho de ultrassom pode ser usado para o acompanhamento de lesões intracranianas expansivas, bem como em procedimentos intraoperatórios.</span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>PT-BR</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> 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Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Contributions to the study of the macroscopy anatomy of Bradypus torquatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) brain | Contribuições ao estudo da anatomia macroscópica do encéfalo do Bradypus torquatus (Linnaeus, 1758) e Bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825)
2005
Jussara Rocha Ferreira | Vera Lúcia de Oliveira | Kleber Mirallia de Oliveira | Marizane Almeida de Oliveira
The great preoccupation about the preservation of the south America fauna, have guide researches to a intense productions of the works about them. This work is constitute as a part of this effort to understand the animal structures, in special the gender Bradypus, describing the macroscopic anatomy of the brain in two species, Torquatus and Variegatus, both from the atlantic forest in Brazil. The animals did have a naturally death, were freeze as the standard proceed of the Matinha reserve, the origin of them, and unfreezing, injection, dissection, and colored by the use of appropriate techniques. We observed the neo-cortex formations in a model more primitive than others mammals, a predominance of areas and structures connected to the sense of smell and many differences when compared with other mammals, in especial primates. Among then the occurrence of only two coliculus on the brain trunk, a disk form of the hipophyse, a big fornice, and too development brain peduncles. The circumvolutions are bland and is happen lobos as same to the others mammals with the cerebellum not covered by the projections of the occipital lobos and with proportion until 1/4 in relation to all brain. | A grande preocupação na preservação da fauna sul americana tem levado pesquisadores a intensa produção de trabalhos. Este trabalho constitui parte deste esforço para entender as estruturas animais, em especial do gênero Bradypus, ordem Edentata, descrevendo a anatomia macroscópica do encéfalo de duas espécies, Torquatus e Variegatus, ambas ocorrendo na mata atlântica brasileira. Os animais foram a óbito naturalmente, congelados reserva da Matinha, e descongelados, injetados, dissecados e corados por de técnicas apropriadas. Vemos as formações do neocórtex num modelo mais primitivo para mamíferos, uma predominância de áreas e estruturas ligadas ao olfato e diversas diferenças, quando comparadas a outros mamíferos, em especial a primatas. Dentre estas, a ocorrência de apenas 2 colículos no tronco encefálico, hipófise discoidal, grande fórnice e bem desenvolvidos pedúnculos cerebrais. As circunvoluções são brandas e ocorrem lobos semelhantes aos demais mamíferos, com cerebelo não recoberto pelas projeções dos telencéfalos e com proporção de até 1/4 em relação ao todo.
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