Introduction: The extremely high genetic variation and the continuously emerging variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) of Southern African Territory (SAT) serotypes including SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3 make it necessary to develop a new RT-PCR for general use for monitoring viruses based on the updated genome information. Material and Methods: A FMDV SAT-D8 one-step RT-PCR was established based on the 1D2A2B genes of the SAT serotype viruses with a multiplex primer set. FMDV A, O, C, and Asia 1 serotypes, other vesicular disease viruses, inactivated SAT viruses, and 125 bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine tissue samples collected from the Chinese mainland were included for evaluating the assay. Results: The new RT-PCR was proven to be specific without cross-reactions with Eurasian FMDV, swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), Seneca valley virus (SVV), or other common viral pathogens of cattle, sheep, goat, and pig. An around 257 bp-sized amplicon clearly appeared when the inactivated SAT viruses were detected. However, all 125 samples collected from FMDV-susceptible animals from the Chinese mainland which has not known SAT epidemics showed negative results. Conclusions: A FMDV SAT-D8 one-step RT-PCR is a promising method for primary screening for FMDV SAT serotypes.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important animal pathogen and contributes to hemorrhagic pneumonia in mink. Between April 2011 and December 2016, samples of lung, liver, and spleen were collected from mink with this disease on 11 mink farms in 5 Chinese provinces. From these samples, we obtained 98 isolates of P. aeruginosa that belonged to 5 serotypes: G (n = 58), I (n = 15), C (n = 8), M (n = 5), and B (n = 2); 10 isolates were not typeable (10/98). More than 90% of the isolates formed biofilms, and 85% produced slime. All 98 isolates were resistant to 10 antibiotics (oxacillin, ampicillin, penicillin G, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, cefaclor, tilmicosin, tildipirosin, and sulfonamide). However, almost all were susceptible to gentamicin, polymyxin B, and amikacin. We identified 56 unique genotypes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These findings have revealed genetic diversity and high antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from mink with hemorrhagic pneumonia and will facilitate the prevention and control of this disease.