The effects of administration of a commercially available extract of Gingko biloba (EGB) on bromethalin-induced brain lipid peroxidation and cerebral edema in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats was determined. Gingko biloba extract was given (100 mg/kg) by gavage immediately after bromethalin (1.0 mg/kg) administration. Rats were euthanatized at 24 hours after dosing. Brain lipid peroxidation was determined by measurement of brain malonaldehyde-thiobarbituric acid chromophore (MDA-TBA) concentration, brain sodium concentration, and brain water content. Treatment of bromethalin-dosed rats (10/group) with EGB was associated with a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in clinical sign severity, compared with bromethalin-dosed saline solution-treated rats. All rats given bromethalin and saline solution developed clinical signs of toxicosis including CNS depression, hind limb weakness, ataxia, paralysis, and coma. Some rats given bromethalin and EGB developed clinical signs, however, none developed hind limb paralysis. The brain MDA-TBA concentration (2.4 +/- 0.5 delta MDA-TBA concentration/mg of protein), percentage of water in brain tissue (80.3 +/- 0.30%), and brain sodium concentration (6.68 +/- 0.21 mg/g of dry weight) were significantly increased in rats given bromethalin and saline solution, compared with control rats given saline solution (1.0 +/- 0.1 delta MDA-TBA concentration/mg of protein; 78.1 +/- 0.33% water in brain tissue; 4.83 +/- 0.30 mg of brain Na+/g of dry weight) and rats given bromethalin and EGB (1.6 +/- 0.2 delta MDA-TBA concentration/mg of protein; 79.3 +/- 0.31% water in brain tissue; 5.37 +/- 0.34 mg of brain Na+/g of dry weight). The MDA-TBA concentration (1.2 +/- 0.2 delta MDA-TBA concentration/mg of protein), percentage of water in brain tissue (78.7 +/- 0.40%), and brain sodium concentration (4.93 +/- 0.26 mg/g of dry weight) increased slightly in control rats given EGB.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating and debilitating neurological brain disorder that has a multifactorial nature associated with complex pathophysiology. Thus, concerns directed to develop alternative therapies which possess multifaceted action for treatment of AD. This article was aimed to compare efficacy of Moringaolifera (MO), ginkgo biloba (GB) and green tea (GT) extracts in managing induced Alzheimer’s disease in albino rat using behavioural, biochemical, and pathological alterations. Eighty five male Wistar rats weighing 80-120g were randomly divided into five groups (17 rats for each). Control (administered with distilled water), Alzheimer disease model (ADM, administered with AlCl3), ADM + MO (administered with AlCl3 and ethanolic extract of MO), ADM + GB (administered with AlCl3 and ethanolic extract of GB), and ADM + GT (administered with AlCl3 and ethanolic extract of and ethanolic extract of MO), ADM + GB (administered with AlCl3 and ethanolic extract of GB), and ADM + GT (administered with AlCl3 and ethanolic extract of GT). All treatments were administered daily by oral gavage and persisted for seventy consecutive days. On the 60th day of the experiment, all memory tests were performed. Then the rats were humanely sacrificed using diethyl ether anesthesia, and brain samples were collected.  Treatments with MO, GB, or GT successfully rescue Neuro-therapeutic abilities against AD. In addition, the used treatments restore the rats’ memory and cognitive performances in the Y-maze, novel objective recognition and Morris Water maze testes. In Conclusion, MO, GB, or GT may provide a more effective strategy to lessen neurodegeneration in AD.