Glanders caused by Burkholderia mallei infected mainly the Equidae and it is really fatal zoonosis. It was known since ancient times. The horses, mules, and donkeys can get infection by skin abrasion, and during direct contact between animals or with water instruments, also the bacterium can be found in the soil. Since the disease was eradicated from most of the developed world, Glanders is endemic in several countries surrounding Iraq and other related regions of the middle east. Regardless a limited space of Glanders free regions when they're no cases of Glanders can be detected by sensitive and specific tests, the disease can appears as reemerge infection in those places, and that interfere with control, monitoring and strategies for prevention, so the reviewing of disease with special interest on Iraq and surrounding countries have an important.

The study was conducted to investigate the Seroprevalence of Glanders in south part or Iraq. Eight hundred (800) local and different horse breeds aged from (1.8–25) years old and from both sexes was examine during the period started from a15.oct. 2020 to 20 April 2021.  The 184 serum samples were drained from suspected horses to examined by using double antigen multispecies Eliza of Burkholderia mallei. Results show that only 4 (2.17%) horses give a positive result with the Elisa test in Maysan governorate. Whereas negative horses for glanders included 180 (97.82%) in the south of Iraq, and that Basrah and Thi-Qar governorates were negatively against glanders. Such favorable result help for equestrian regions and horse breeding. It has been concluded that, although a very low infection rate was indicated in maysan governorate, However, Glanders could be re-emerging compared with other south governorates (Basrah and Thi-Qar) which being free. Moreover, Basrah and Thi-Qar governorates can be used as free areas