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Anti-CyHV-3 effect of fluorescent, tricyclic derivative of acyclovir 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV in vitro Texto completo
2019
Anti-CyHV-3 effect of fluorescent, tricyclic derivative of acyclovir 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV in vitro Texto completo
2019
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is a virus infecting carp with disease symptoms of gill necrosis, fish discoloration, sunken eyes, and mortality reaching 90%. Several research groups have examined how to potentially abate the consequences of viral activity. Recently we showed that acyclovir inhibits CyHV-3 replication in vitro and in the present study we examined the anti-CyHV-3 activity of the tricyclic derivative of acyclovir 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV (T-ACV), a fluorescent molecule known for higher lipophilicity than acyclovir, and therefore potentially better candidate for application in vivo. CCB and KF1 cell lines were incubated with T-ACV at concentrations of 0, 66.67, and 133.33 μM for three days and toxicity examined with MTT and CV assays. To investigate the antiviral activity of T-ACV, the lines were infected with CyHV-3 or mock infected and incubated for three days with the drug at concentrations of 0 or 66.67 μM. The activity of T-ACV was evaluated by plaque assay and TaqMan qPCR. T-ACV at a concentration of 66.67 μM displayed low toxicity and inhibited CyHV-3 activity by 13–29%, varying by cell line and method. The low anti-CyHV-3 activity of T-ACV indicates that it would be reasonable to screen several tricyclic derivatives of acyclovir for such activity.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Anti-CyHV-3 effect of fluorescent, tricyclic derivative of acyclovir 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV in vitro Texto completo
2019
Troszok Agnieszka | Kolek Ludmiła | Szczygieł Joanna | Ostrowski Tomasz | Adamek Mikołaj | Irnazarow Ilgiz
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is a virus infecting carp with disease symptoms of gill necrosis, fish discoloration, sunken eyes, and mortality reaching 90%. Several research groups have examined how to potentially abate the consequences of viral activity. Recently we showed that acyclovir inhibits CyHV-3 replication in vitro and in the present study we examined the anti-CyHV-3 activity of the tricyclic derivative of acyclovir 6-(4-MeOPh)-TACV (T-ACV), a fluorescent molecule known for higher lipophilicity than acyclovir, and therefore potentially better candidate for application in vivo.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of goose parvovirus and duck circovirus coinfection in ducks Texto completo
2020
Liu, Jie | Yang, Xiaoxia | Hao, Xiaojing | Feng, Yongsheng | Zhang, Yuli | Cheng, Ziqiang
Effect of goose parvovirus and duck circovirus coinfection in ducks Texto completo
2020
Liu, Jie | Yang, Xiaoxia | Hao, Xiaojing | Feng, Yongsheng | Zhang, Yuli | Cheng, Ziqiang
Coinfection of goose parvovirus (GPV) and duck circovirus (DuCV) occurs commonly in field cases of short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS). However, whether there is synergism between the two viruses in replication and pathogenicity remains undetermined. We established a coinfection model of GPV and DuCV in Cherry Valley ducks. Tissue samples were examined histopathologically. The viral loads in tissues were detected by qPCR, and the distribution of the virus in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Coinfection of GPV and DuCV significantly inhibited growth and development of ducks, and caused atrophy and pallor of the immune organs and necrosis of the liver. GPV and DuCV synergistically amplified pathogenicity in coinfected ducks. In the early stage of infection, viral loads of both pathogens in coinfected ducks were significantly lower than those in monoinfected ducks (P < 0.05). With the development of the infection process, GPV and DuCV loads in coinfected ducks were significantly higher than those in monoinfected ducks (P < 0.05). Extended viral distribution in the liver, kidney, duodenum, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius was consistent with the viral load increases in GPV and DuCV coinfected ducks. These results indicate that GPV and DuCV synergistically potentiate their replication and pathogenicity in coinfected ducks.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of goose parvovirus and duck circovirus coinfection in ducks Texto completo
2020
Liu Jie | Yang Xiaoxia | Hao Xiaojing | Feng Yongsheng | Zhang Yuli | Cheng Ziqiang
Coinfection of goose parvovirus (GPV) and duck circovirus (DuCV) occurs commonly in field cases of short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS). However, whether there is synergism between the two viruses in replication and pathogenicity remains undetermined.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Pathological changes in natural infection of pheasants with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) in Bulgaria Texto completo
2019
Stoimenov, Georgi M. | Goujgoulova, Gabriela V. | Nikolov, Branimir | Hristov, Kalin | Teneva, Atanaska
Pathological changes in natural infection of pheasants with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) in Bulgaria Texto completo
2019
Stoimenov, Georgi M. | Goujgoulova, Gabriela V. | Nikolov, Branimir | Hristov, Kalin | Teneva, Atanaska
The study of histopathological changes caused by influenza A (H5N8) viral infection in bird species is essential for the understanding of their role in the spread of this highly infectious virus. However, there are few such studies under natural conditions in minor gallinaceous species. This article describes the pathomorphological findings in Colchis pheasants infected naturally with H5N8 during an epizootic outbreak in Bulgaria. Samples of internal organs of 10 carcasses were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation, virus isolation and identification, and nucleic acid detection. Consistent macroscopic findings were lesions affecting the intestine, heart, lung, and pancreas. Congestion and mononuclear infiltrate were common findings in the small intestine, as were necrosis and lymphoid clusters in the lamina propria of the caeca. Congestion with small focal necrosis and gliosis with multifocal nonpurulent encephalitis were observed in the brain. Myocardial interstitial oedema and degenerative necrobiotic processes were also detected. Immunohistological analysis confirmed systemic infection and revealed influenza virus nucleoprotein in all analysed organs. Variable necrosis was observed in the brain, liver, trachea, heart, small intestine, and caeca. Viral antigen was commonly found in the brain, heart, lung and trachea. Contact with migrating waterfowls was suspected as a reason for the outbreak.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Pathological changes in natural infection of pheasants with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) in Bulgaria Texto completo
2019
Stoimenov Georgi M. | Goujgoulova Gabriela V. | Nikolov Branimir | Hristov Kalin | Teneva Atanaska
The study of histopathological changes caused by influenza A (H5N8) viral infection in bird species is essential for the understanding of their role in the spread of this highly infectious virus. However, there are few such studies under natural conditions in minor gallinaceous species. This article describes the pathomorphological findings in Colchis pheasants infected naturally with H5N8 during an epizootic outbreak in Bulgaria.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Mouse (Mus musculus) embryonic cerebral cortex cell death caused by carbofuran insecticide exposure Texto completo
2019
Luqman, Epy Muhammad | Sudiana, I Ketut | Darmanto, Win | Achmad, Agung Budianto | Widjiati,
Mouse (Mus musculus) embryonic cerebral cortex cell death caused by carbofuran insecticide exposure Texto completo
2019
Luqman, Epy Muhammad | Sudiana, I Ketut | Darmanto, Win | Achmad, Agung Budianto | Widjiati,
The aim of the study was to describe the process of neuron death in the cerebral cortex caused by embryonic carbofuran exposure. 81 mouse foetuses from 27 breeding mice were used in the study. Carbofuran was administered by gavage from the 6ᵗʰ to the 15ᵗʰ day of gestation to two groups: one at 0.0208 and the other at 0.0417 mg/kg b.w. On the 17ᵗʰ day, the mice were sacrificed and the foetuses were taken to measure the ROS (malondialdehyde/MDA and superoxide dismutase/SOD) activity in brain tissue, the number of apoptotic embryonic cerebral cortex neurons using a TUNEL assay, and necrotic cells using HE staining. Examination of p53 and caspase 3 expression was done by immunohistochemistry. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s test. Increased activity of cerebral ROS characterised by significant elevation of the MDA level (P < 0.05), decreased SOD (P < 0.01), increased p53 and caspase 3 expression, and cerebral cortical neuron death either by necrosis or apoptosis (P < 0.05) were found. At the low dose carbofuran increased expression of p53, caspase 3, and apoptosis. At the high dose it increased levels of MDA and necrosis. Increased expression of p53 and caspase 3 and apoptosis indicated that carbofuran may cause apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. The increased apoptosis grants an opportunity to prevent and treat the effect of ROS due to gestational carbofuran exposure.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Mouse (Mus musculus) embryonic cerebral cortex cell death caused by carbofuran insecticide exposure Texto completo
2019
Luqman Epy Muhammad | Sudiana I Ketut | Darmanto Win | Achmad Agung Budianto | Widjiati
The aim of the study was to describe the process of neuron death in the cerebral cortex caused by embryonic carbofuran exposure.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis Texto completo
2021
Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis Texto completo
2021
The purpose of the study was to investigate post-mortem changes in dogs infected with Babesia canis and to establish the probable cause of death of the affected animals. Cadavers of six dogs that did not survive babesiosis were collected. Necropsies were performed and samples of various organs were collected for histological examination. Necropsies and histological examinations revealed congestion and oedemata in various organs. Most of the dogs had ascites, hydrothorax or hydropericardium, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and cerebral congestion, and necrosis of cardiomyocytes. These results suggested disorders in blood circulation as the most probable cause of death. However, the pulmonary inflammatory response and cerebral babesiosis observed in some of these dogs could also be considered possible causes of death. This study also showed a possible role for renal congestion in the development of renal hypoxia and azotaemia in canine babesiosis.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis Texto completo
2021
Zygner Wojciech | Rodo Anna | Gójska-Zygner Olga | Górski Paweł | Bartosik Justyna | Kotomski Grzegorz
The purpose of the study was to investigate post-mortem changes in dogs infected with Babesia canis and to establish the probable cause of death of the affected animals.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Fasciola hepatica isolates induce different immune responses in unmaturated bovine macrophages Texto completo
2019
Bąska, Piotr | Zawistowska-Deniziak, Anna | Norbury, Luke James | Wiśniewski, Marcin | Januszkiewicz, Kamil
Fasciola hepatica isolates induce different immune responses in unmaturated bovine macrophages Texto completo
2019
Bąska, Piotr | Zawistowska-Deniziak, Anna | Norbury, Luke James | Wiśniewski, Marcin | Januszkiewicz, Kamil
Introduction: Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) is a parasite of great socioeconomic importance. A number of fluke isolates have been identified; however, to date the differences between the immunomodulatory properties of different parasite isolates have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to explore differences between the immunomodulatory properties of two F. hepatica isolates using unmaturated bovine macrophages. Material and Methods: A cell line of bovine macrophages was stimulated with excretory/secretory products released by adult flukes from either a laboratory (Fh-WeyES) or wild (Fh-WildES) strain and subsequently subjected to microarray and ELISA analyses. Results: Both Fh-WeyES and Fh-WildES dampened the release of interleukin-10 by bovine macrophages, but only Fh-WildES dampened the release of proinflammatory tumour necrosis factor-α. Microarray analysis revealed that Fh-WildES down- and upregulated 90 and 18 genes, respectively, when compared to Fh-WeyES. Conclusion: The results indicated different impacts of the isolates on macrophages. A number of researchers use flukes obtained from local slaughterhouses for experiments. Our findings may explain some discrepancies between published results arising from parasite strain choice. The findings indicate that consideration should be given to the use of different strains, and open new and currently unexplored avenues in parasitology for controlling the parasite.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Fasciola hepatica isolates induce different immune responses in unmaturated bovine macrophages Texto completo
2019
Bąska Piotr | Zawistowska-Deniziak Anna | Norbury Luke James | Wiśniewski Marcin | Januszkiewicz Kamil
Introduction:Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) is a parasite of great socioeconomic importance. A number of fluke isolates have been identified; however, to date the differences between the immunomodulatory properties of different parasite isolates have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to explore differences between the immunomodulatory properties of two F. hepatica isolates using unmaturated bovine macrophages.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Determination of the effects of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil and Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) release in liver tissue of diabetic rats Texto completo
2022
Aras, Sükran | Aksu Kilicle, Pinar | Eli̇s Yildiz, Sevda | Uluman, Erhan | Bakir, Buket | Karadag Sari, Ebru | Dag, Serpil
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil and Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) release in liver tissue of diabetic rats. Experimental groups were created as control, sham, chia, dandelion, diabetes (DM), diabetes+chia (DC), and diabetes+dandelion (DD). Body weight and blood glucose measurements were taken on the 1st, 3rd, and 17th days of the study and evaluated statistically. A one-way ANOVA test was performed to determine the differences between the groups. The Duncan test was used to compare significant differences between groups. At the end of the study, Masson's trichrome staining and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining were employed for histological examinations of liver tissues, and the distribution of TNF-α and IL-6 was examined by applying the Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method.It was determined that body weight and blood glucose measurements were significantly decrease for the DC group compared to other groups. Immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-6 was found to decrease in DC and DD groups at close to the control levels.Based on our results, it was thought that the use of chia and dandelion in diabetes may contribute to the alleviation of disease-related complications by having a positive effect on proinflammatory cytokine levels.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Investigation of white line separation under load in bovine claws with and without toe-tip necrosis Texto completo
2019
Johnston, James D. | Eichhorn, Dustin J. R. | Kontulainen, Saija A. | Noble, Scott D. | Jelinski, Murray D.
OBJECTIVE To compare the degree of white line separation created by increasing physiologic loads between bovine claws with and without toe-tip necrosis (TTN). SAMPLE Cadaveric bovine hind limbs with (n = 10) and without (10) TTN. PROCEDURES Hind limbs in which 1 or both claws had evidence of apical white line separation were considered to have TTN. Hind limbs in which neither claw had evidence of white line separation were considered controls. Each hind limb was mounted in a materials testing system with the bottom surface of the hoof angled at approximately 5° to the horizontal plane such that the apex of the claws made initial contact with the clear testing surface to simulate physiologic loading conditions. A digital camera mounted underneath the testing surface was used to obtain images of the bottom of the hoof during the application of each of 3 increasing static loads (1, 2, and 3 kN). The images were analyzed with commercial image-processing software to quantify white line separation area. RESULTS White line separation area was significantly greater for claws with TTN than for control claws and increased as the applied load increased. White line separation was almost nonexistent in control claws and was not affected by increasing load. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that mechanical loading exacerbated TTN, but compressive loading alone, even at excessive levels, did not initiate the condition. Interventions (eg, hoof blocks) that decrease loading of affected claws may be beneficial for the treatment of TTN at its earliest stages.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Porcine ear necrosis syndrome by coinfection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Staphylococcus hyicus
2017
Lee, S., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Jung, J.Y., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.H., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Kim, J.W., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Park, J.W., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Kang, D.Y., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Her, J.W., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Jeong, Y.J., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | So, B.J., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea | Yoon, S.S., Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
Porcine ear necrosis syndrome is characterized by erosive and ulcerative lesions at the margin or tip of the pinna. Three growing pigs of different ages exhibited retarded growth accompanied by reddening and necrosis of ear prior to death. Gross examination showed reddening, swelling, black discoloration, scaling, and variable-sized yellowish materials and edema in ear cross section. Microscopically, thrombosis, abscess, ulceration, epidermal hyperplasia, and dermal pyogranulomatous inflammation with an intralesional bacterial colony were observed. Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated in all pigs' ears and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was detected by PCR and immunohistochemistry.
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