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Induction of ovulation in cows with affinity chromatography-purified Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) | Indução da ovulação em vacas com gonadotrofina coriônica humana (hCG) purificada por cromatografia de afinidade
2006
Claudia Maria Bertan | Marcelo Cerqueira Cesar | Silvana Marina Picolli Pugine | Mario Binelli | José Antonio Visintin | Mayra Elena Ortiz D'Avila Assumpção
Objective of the present study was to purify hCG contained in commercial preparation (Pregnyl® - Organon) by affinity chromatography and to evaluate ovulation rates in cows injected with the purified hormone. A chromatography column containing concanavalin-A sepharose (Con-A) matrix was equilibrated and one hundred thousand international units (UI) of Pregnyl® were applied to the column. Fractions of 3,8µL were collected (4°C) every 5 minutes for 12,5h, to yield a total of 150 fractions. After fraction 76, a column buffer containing 0,3M ±-methylglicoside was added to the column. Protein concentrations were estimated by espectrophotometry (280nm). Two peaks of absorbance were observed, between fractions 14 and 19, and fractions 90 and 100. Fractions 14-19 and 90-150 were sequentially grouped in pairs concentrated by ultrafiltration and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The first peak of absorbance resulted from proteins contained in the commercial product, eluted from the column and not adsorbed by the Con-A matrix. The second peak represented proteins adsorbed by the column, especially hCG. The fractions containing hCG were grouped in a single sample and protein concentration was measured by the Lowry method. Cows in day 5 of the estral cycle, which had a dominant follicle larger than 8mm, were injected with 0,1, 0,2 or 0,3mg protein of the purificated sample. The ovulation rate 48 hours after treatment was 0%, 50% and 75%, respectively. It was demonstrated that relative concentration of hCG can be increased by affinity chromatography and biological activity of purified hCG was satisfactory preserved. | O objetivo do presente estudo foi purificar o hCG contido em uma preparação comercial (Pregnyl® Organon) por cromatografia de afinidade e avaliar a taxa de ovulação de vacas injetadas com o hormônio purificado. Uma coluna de cromatografia contendo matriz de Concanavalina-A Sepharose (Con-A) foi equilibrada e cem mil unidades internacionais (UI) de Pregnyl® foram aplicadas na coluna. Frações de 3,8µL foram colhidas (4ºC) a cada 5 minutos durante 12,5 horas, resultando em um total de 150 frações. Após a fração 76 adicionou-se à coluna solução tampão contendo 0,3M de ±-metilglicosidase. A concentração protéica das frações foi estimada por espectrofotometria (280nm). Foram observados dois picos de absorbância, um entre as frações 14 e 19 e outro entre as frações 90 e 100. As frações 14 a 19 e 90 a 150 foram reunidas seqüencialmente aos pares, concentradas por ultrafiltração e analisadas por SDS-PAGE. O primeiro pico resultou da eluição das proteínas não adsorvidas pela matriz de Con-A, enquanto o segundo representou as proteínas adsorvidas pela coluna, especialmente o hCG. As frações contendo hCG foram reunidas em uma única amostra cuja concentração protéica foi quantificada pelo método de Lowry. Vacas no 5º dia de um ciclo estral sincronizado, apresentando um folículo dominante maior que 8mm de diâmetro, foram injetadas com 0,1, 0,2 ou 0,3mg de proteína contida na amostra purificada. Após 48 horas, a taxa de ovulação observada foi de 0%, 50% e 75%, respectivamente. Foi demonstrado no presente estudo que a técnica de cromatografia por afinidade foi eficiente para aumentar a concentração relativa do hCG preservando sua atividade biológica.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Faillure in the effect of the analogue (hCG) of luteinizing hormone on the luteal angiogenesis in rats (Rattus novergicus) | Ausência de efeito do análogo (hCG) do hormônio luteinizante na angiogênese luteal em ratas (Rattus novergicus)
2013
Diego Gonçalves Silva | Diego Marcondes Guerra | Vinicius José Moreira Nogueira | Mariana Andrade Torres | Diego Feitosa Leal | Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana | Caroline Martins
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">The knowledge of the mechanisms that affect the control of the ovarian activity is essential for the success of reproduction biotechnologies. Although a number of studies have been carried out in which the luteinizing hormone (LH) was used to control the ovarian activity, little is known about its influence in the morphology and vascular formation of the corpus luteum, aiming to increase the local blood flow. Thus, the objective of the present experiment was the quantification of the vascular density of corpora lutea (Cls) in animals treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) just after ovulation. Therefore, eighteen wistar rats were used in this experiment. Eight rats in the treated group and ten rats in the control group. Corpora lutea were divided into two groups: group (A) treated with hCG in the following morning after copulation, and group (B) control animals which received an injection of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Ovaries from each group were used for preparation of histological sections for vascular density qualification. 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line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} </style> <![endif]--> | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal">A compreensão dos mecanismos de controle da atividade ovariana é necessária para o sucesso das biotecnologias da reprodução. Embora existam inúmeros trabalhos a respeito da aplicação do hormônio luteinizante (LH) na função ovariana, pouco se sabe sobre a sua influência na morfologia e formação da vasculatura do corpo lúteo (CL). Diante disto, o presente projeto teve como objetivo a quantificação da densidade vascular dos CLs de animais tratados com Gonadotrofina Corionica Humana (hCG) após a ovulação. Para tanto, foram utilizados ratas wistar, cujos CLs foram divididos em dois grupos: (A) tratado com hCG na manhã seguinte a cópula e (B) controle (solução fisiológica a 0,9 % de NaCl). Foram confeccionadas lâminas dos ovários dos animais para a quantificação da densidade vascular. 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Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Sincronization of ovulation utilizing the Crestar® protocol associated with estradiol benzoate, PGF2±, PMSG and GnRH in beef cows | Uso do protocolo Crestar® em tratamentos utilizando benzoato de estradiol, PGF2±, PMSG e GnRH para controle do ciclo estral e ovulação em vacas de corte
2007
Rafael José de Carvalho Moreira | Alexandre Vaz Pires | Décio Zuliani Maluf | Ed Hoffman Madureira | Mario Binelli | José Renato Gonçalves | Laisse Garcia de Lima | Ivanete Susin
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovulation using PMSG, GnRH, Estradiol Benzoate and PGF2a in combination with Crestar? protocol and AI at fixed time. Three hundred forty eight multiparous cows, crossbreed Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) X Charolais (Bos taurus taurus) were divided in two groups: 179 suckling cows and 169 non-suckling cows. Those cows received a Crestar® protocol for follicular growth synchronization consisting of a subcutaneous implant with 3mg of norgestomet and 3mg of norgestomet plus 5mg of estradiol valerate injection (day of implant insert). The implant was removed after nine days. Cows were submitted to five treatments for pharmacological control of ovulation and were artificially inseminated at fixed time: T1 - (n=70): injection of physiological solution 48h after implant removal (D 12); T2 - (n=68): 0.75mg of estradiol benzoate 24h after implant removal (D 11); T3 - (n=70): 150mg of PGF2a at same day of implant removal (D 9) and 0.75mg of estradiol benzoate 24h after implant removal (D 11); T4 - (n=70): the cows received 500 UI of PMSG at implant removal (D 10) and T5 - (n=70): cows received 500mg of GnRH 48h after implant removal (D 12). Those cows were artificially inseminated 54-56h after implant removal. Pregnancy rate was analyzed by logistical regression program. There were no differences among treatments (P>;0.05) 35.7, 31.4, 22.0, 37.0 and 42.8% for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. | O objetivo foi avaliar a eficiência do controle da ovulação utilizando os hormônios PMSG, GnRH, Benzoato de Estradiol e PGF2a junto ao protocolo CrestarÒ, para IA em tempo fixo. Foram utilizadas 348 vacas, cruzadas Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) X Charolês (Bos taurus taurus), divididas em dois grupos: 179 vacas paridas com 90 a 120 dias pós-parto e 169 vacas solteiras. Estes animais foram submetidos a cinco tratamentos: todas as vacas receberam o protocolo Crestar® como agente sincronizador do crescimento folicular. (implante subcutâneo com 3mg de norgestomet e injeção 3mg de norgestomet + 5mg de valerato de estradiol - i.m.). Após a remoção do implante (10 dias), as vacas foram submetidas aos cinco tratamentos de controle da ovulação: T1 - (n=70): injeção de solução fisiológica 48h após a retirada do implante (D 12); T2 - (n=68): 0,75mg de benzoato de estradiol 24h após a retirada do implante (D 11); T3 - (n=70): aplicação de 150mg de PGF2a, no dia da retirada (D 10) e 0,75mg de benzoato de estradiol 24h após a retirada do implante (D 11); T4 - (n=70): 500 UI de PMSG na retirada do implante (D 10) e T5 - (n=70): 500mg de GnRH 48h após a retirada dos implante (D 12). Todos os animais foram inseminados 54-56h após a retirada do implante. As taxas de prenhez foram analisadas estatisticamente por regressão logística. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (p>;0,05) onde: 35,7, 31,4, 22,0, 37,0 e 42,8% para T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5 respectivamente.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Utilization of the first ovulatory cycle of seasonal breeding for embryo production in mares in tropical conditions | Utilização do primeiro ciclo ovulatório da estação reprodutiva para produção de embriões em éguas sob condições tropicais
2006
Karen Regina Peres | Fernanda da Cruz Landim-Alvarenga | Marco Antonio Alvarenga
The efficacy of the first ovulation of the breeding season was determined through the response of first pre-ovulatory follicle of the breeding season to hCG, embryo recovery rate, viability of recovered embryos, serum concentrations of progesterone, and response of first CL to PGF2±. Thirteenth mares that were in vernal transition were accompanied until the first pre-ovulatory follicle was detected. At this moment, the ovulation was induced with 2,500 IU hCG (IV) and the mares were inseminated every other day until ovulation. Seven days after the ovulation, embryo recovery was performed and the progesterone concentration was determined. After detection of the first pre-ovulatory follicle of breeding season with >; 25mm, it took 14.92 ± 10.80 days for the follicle to reach the pre-ovulatory size and 18.00 ± 11.08 days to ovulation. After administration of hCG, 11/13 mares ovulated in 48 hours. These follicles growth 2.19 ± 0.86 mm/day on average. Nine of 13 mares (69.2%) produced embryos and all were considered viable after morfological evaluation and fluorescence exams. The CL appeared competent producing 7.39 ± 2.11 ng/ml P4 on average, and responding to PGF2±. According to these results the first ovulatory cycle of the year can be utilized to produce viable embryos. | A eficiência da primeira ovulação da estação reprodutiva para a produção de embriões foi determinada através da taxa de recuperação embrionária, da viabilidade dos embriões recuperados, da concentração sérica de progesterona, da resposta do primeiro folículo pré-ovulatório da estação reprodutiva ao hCG e da resposta do primeiro CL a PGF2±. Treze éguas que estavam no período de anestro ou inicial da transição de primavera foram acompanhadas por ultra-sonografia até a detecção do primeiro folículo pré-ovulatório. Neste momento a ovulação foi induzida com 2500 UI de hCG (IV) e elas foram inseminadas em dias alternados até a ovulação. Sete dias após a detecção da ovulação foi realizada coleta de embrião e a concentração de P4 foi determinada. A partir da detecção do primeiro folículo >; 25mm da estação, as éguas demoraram em média 14,92 ± 10,80 dias para alcançarem o primeiro folículo pré-ovulatório e 18,00 ± 11,08 dias para ovularem, sendo que 11/13 éguas ovularam em até 48 horas após a administração do hCG. Estes folículos cresceram em média 2,19 ± 0,86 mm/dia. Nove das 13 éguas (69,2%) produziram embriões e todos foram considerados viáveis após avaliação visual e pelo exame de fluorescência. Os corpos lúteos formados mostraram-se funcionalmente competentes produzindo em média 7,39 ± 2,11 ng/ml de P4, além de serem responsivos à PGF2±. Deste modo, o primeiro ciclo ovulatório do ano pode ser utilizado com sucesso para a produção de embriões viáveis.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Efeito do intervalo inseminação-ovulação induzida sobre a taxa de fecundação, viabilidade embrionária e número de espermatozóides acessórios em porcas | Effect of insemination-to-induced ovulation interval on fertilization rate, embryo viability and number of accessory sperms in sows
2006
Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana | Pedro Henrique Candini | Rogério Dantas Gama | Adriana Carbone | Renato Campanarut Barnabe
O intervalo ideal entre a AI e ovulação (OV) não está bem determinado ainda, variando entre 12 a 28 h antes até 4 h depois da ovulação. A utilização de gonadotrofinas para sincronizar ovulação permitiria a pré-determinação do tamanho dos grupos, de acordo com os intervalos IA-OV, e possibilitaria determinar um intervalo seguro entre IA-OV. 120 porcas receberam 7.5 mg IM de Luprostiol, entre os dias 12 e 17 do ciclo estral, 600 IU de eCG IM 24 h após o Luprostiol e 5.0 mg de LH IM 72 h após a injeção de eCG. O momento de ovulação foi diagnosticado pela ultra-sonografia trans-retal a intervalos de 6 h. Definiu-se 5 tratamentos de acordo com o intervalo IA-OV: T1 - 48 a 36 h antes da OV; T2 - 36 a 24 h antes da OV; T3 - 24 a 12 h antes da OV; T4 - 12 a 0 h antes da OV e T5 - 0 a 12 h após a OV. O abate ocorreu 96.7±11.37 h após a OV. A taxa de recuperação (RR), número de lutea de corpos (NC), número total de estruturas (ST), taxa de fecundação (FR), viabilidade embrionária (EV) e número de espermatozóides acessórios (AS) foram analisados. O protocolo de sincronização mostrou uma distribuição homogênea dos animais entre os tratamentos (intervalo LH-OV de 39.22±7.6h), e não influenciou os resultados. A FR e os resultados de EV sugerem que 36 h seja o tempo de viabilidade do espermatozóide trato genital da porca. Houve um forte declínio do AS entre T3 e T4. | The ideal interval between AI and ovulation (OV) is not well determined yet, varying from 12 to 28 h before up to 4 h after ovulation. Utilization of gonadotrophins to synchronize ovulation would allow the pre-determination of the groups' size, according to the AI-OV intervals, and would contribute to determine a secure interval between AI-OV. 120 sows received 7.5 mg IM of Luprostiol, between days 12 and 17 of the estrous cycle, 600 IU of eCG IM 24 h after prostaglandin and 5.0 mg of LH IM 72 h after eCG injection. The moment of ovulation was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography at intervals of 6 h. There were 5 treatments according to IA-OV interval: T1- 48 to 36 h before OV; T2- 36 to 24 h before OV; T3- 24 to 12 h before OV; T4- 12 to 0 h before OV and T5- 0 to 12 h after OV. Sows were slaughtered 96.7±11.37 h after OV. Recovery rate (RR), number of corpora lutea (NC), total number of structures (ST), fertilization rate (FR), embryo viability (EV) and number of accessory sperm (AS) were analyzed. The synchronization protocol showed an homogenous distribution of the animals among treatments (LH-OV interval 39.22±7.6h), and it didn't influenced the results. FR and EV results suggest that 36 h is the time of sperm viability in sow genital tract. There was a strong decline of AS between T3 and T4.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Changes of vaginal epithelium in creole pigs ovulating during lactation | Alteração do epitélio vaginal em fêmeas crioulas com ovulação durante a lactação
2005
Daniel Mota-Rojas | María Alonso-Spilsbury | Lilian Mayagoitia Novales | María Elena Trujillo | Javier Valencia | Ramiro Ramírez-Necoechea | Saúl Cortés | Isabel Escobar Ibarra
The objective of this study was to identify changes of the vaginal epithelium in Mexican hairless sows, which ovulated during lactation, caused by the effect of the boar presence and the litter withdrawal. In order to determine the oestrus stage, an exfoliative vaginal cytology and 17b estradiol and progesterone determinations were carried out on the 8 day after the onset of lactation out accompanied with behaviour observations. Four groups of sows were used: Group 1 was not stimulated; Group 2, remained with the boar; Group 3 was separated from its litter for 4 h and Group 4 got both stimuli. Vaginal smear samples were collected every 24 h. for 5 days after stimulus. An ANOVA statistical analysis was performed for repetitive samples during the 5 days of the test. Stimuli used in group 4 caused significant modifications (P< 0·001) when compared to Groups 1, 2 y 3. Estradiol levels were higher than 30 pg/ml in Group 4 on day 10 post partum and 4.5 ng/ml of progesterone on day 11 and 12 post partum. It was evident that 100% of the sows in Groups 1, 2 and 3 did not show oestral activity when relating vaginal cytology with the oestral behaviour and hormone determination of the lactating sows, whereas 100% of the sows in group 4 presented oestrus 72 h. after the stimulus and ovulated 24 to 36 h after the oestrus onset, this was corroborated by estradiol and progesterone determinations, respectively. | O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar mudanças do epitélio vaginal em fêmeas de "Cerdo Pelón Mexicano", que ovularam durante o lactação, estágio causado pelo efeito da presença de macho e retirada da leitegada. A avaliação do estro foi feita através de citologia de raspado vaginal, observação do comportamento das fêmeas e por determinação de 17 ß estradiol e de progesterona no 8º dia após o início de lactação. Foram formados quatro grupos de fêmeas: Grupo 1 não sofreu estímulo; Grupo 2 permaneceu com o macho; Grupo 3 foi separado sua leitegada por 4 h e grupo 4 recebeu ambos estímulos. Amostras de raspado vaginal foram coletadas a cada 24 horas durante 5 dias após o estímulo. ANOVA para amostras repetidas foi realizada durante os 5 dias do teste. O estímulo utilizado no Grupo 4 causou modificações significativas (P < 0·001) quando comparado aos Grupos 1, 2 e 3. Os níveis de estradiol foram mais altos que 30 pg/ml no Grupo 4 no 10º dia pós parto e 4.5 ng/ml de progesterona nos 11º e 12º dias pós parto. Ficou evidente que 100% das fêmeas nos Grupos 1, 2 e 3 não mostraram atividade de estro quando foi relacionado citologia vaginal com o comportamento estral e determinação hormonal da fase de lactação das fêmeas, ao passo que 100% das fêmeas no Grupo 4 apresentaram estro 72 horas após os estímulos e ovularam 24 a 36 horas do início do cio, o que foi comprovado pela determinações de estradiol e progesterona, respectivamente.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Avaliação do uso de Hormônio Luteinizante (LH) como indutor da ovulação em porcas | Assessment of the Luteinizing Hormon (LH) use in ovulation induction in sows
2004
Pedro Henrique Candini | Aníbal de Sant'Anna Moretti | Eraldo Luis Zanella | Paulo Roberto Souza da Silveira | Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana | Renato Valentim
A pesquisa, desenvolvida num sistema de produção de suínos, estudou a efetividade do hormônio luteinizante (LH) na indução das ovulações. Vinte e quatro fêmeas constituíram o grupo controle e trinta e duas receberam a injeção intramuscular de 600 UI de eCG (Novormon 5000®), 24 h após a desmama e 5 mg de LH (Lutropin - V ®), 56 h após a injeção de eCG, caracterizando o grupo tratado. O estro foi observado 2 vezes ao dia, a ovulação detectada por ultra-sonografia transcutânea e taxa de ovulação (TO) determinada por contagem de corpos lúteos. O intervalo desmama-estro (IDE) foi reduzido (P = 0,01) pelo tratamento (87,4 vs 98,5 horas). As ovulações ocorreram entre 32 e 48 h (37,25 ± 3,65) após LH e foi diferente (P < 0,0001) do controle (63,67 ± 20,22, variando de 32 a 104 h). A TO do tratamento foi semelhante (P = 0,2) à do controle (23,16 ± 12,19 vs 20,08 ± 5,19, respectivamente). | The research, developed in a swine production system, examined the effectivity of luteinizing hormone (LH) in ovulation induction. Twenty four sows compose the control group and tirthy two sows received intramuscular aplication of 600 IU of eCG (Novormon 5000®), 24 h after weaning and 5 mg of LH (Lutropin - V ®), 56 h after eCG injection (treated group). Oestrus were observed twice a day, the ovulation detected by transcutaneous ultrasonography and ovulation rate (OR) determined by corpora lutea counting. The weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI) were reduced (P=0,01) by treatment (87,4 vs 98,5 h). The ovulations occured among 32 and 48 h (37,25 ± 3,65) after LH and were diferent (P < 0,0001) of control (63,67 ± 20,22, range: 32 - 104 h). The OR of treatment was similar (P = 0,2) on the control (23,16 ± 12,19 vs 20,08 ± 5,19, respectively).
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Única ou dupla inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em porcas com ovulações induzidas pelo Hormônio Luteinizante | Single or double artificial insemination in fixed time in sows with ovulation induced by Luteinizing Hormon
2004
Paulo Henrique Candini | Aníbal de Sant'Anna Moretti | Eraldo Luis Zanella | Paulo Roberto Souza da Silveira | Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana | Isabel Santos
Duzentas e cinqüenta e quatro matrizes Camborough 22 (PIC®), foram divididas em 3 tratamentos: T 1 (n=60) - 600 UI de eCG após desmama e 5 mg de LH, 72 h após eCG , com única inseminação artificial (IA) (24 h após LH); T 2 (n=95) - mesmo tratamento hormonal do T1, com 2 IA (24 e 32 h após LH); T 3 (n=99) - grupo controle sem tratamento hormonal, com 3 IA. As médias de intervalo desmame-estro (IDE) em T1, T2 e T3 foram de 87,4 ± 3,0 (87 a 111), 87 ± 0 (87) e 99,9 ± 13,6 (63 a 135) horas, respectivamente, sendo reduzidas (P < 0,0001) pelas gonadotrofinas. A duração do estro (DE) foi de 44,3 ± 8,78 (12 a 60), 41,3 ± 9,77 (24 a 60) e 60,1 ± 10,22 (36 a 84) <span style="font-family: Symbol;">;horas</span>;, respectivamente para T1, T2 e T3, sendo menor (P < 0,0001) nas fêmeas tratadas. As diferenças no intervalo LH e ovulação (LH-OV) entre o grupo controle (56,1 ± 15,91, variação de 21 a 93 horas) e os grupos tratados (35,7 ± 6,07 em T1 e 35,5 ± 6,06 em T2, com variação de 30 a 42 horas) foram significativas (P < 0,0001). O tamanho de leitegada (TL) foi de 10,6 ± 3,25 (2 a 16) em T1, 11,3 ± 3,0 (4 a 20) em T2 e 11,6 ± 2,74 (4 a 18) leitões em T3, enquanto os mesmos demonstraram número de leitões nascidos vivos (NV) de 9,6 ± 3,14 (2 a 16), 10,5 ± 2,83 (1 a 18) e 10,5 ± 2,73 (4 a 16) leitões. Tanto em TL (P = 0,11) quanto em NV (P = 0,06) não houve diferença. A significante taxa de parição (TP) no T1, T2 e T3 foi, respectivamente, 76,67 %, 88,42 % e 91,92 %, diferindo entre T1 e T3 (P = 0,01). As gonadotrofinas foram efetivas na indução e sincronização das ovulações; o uso de 2 IAs manteve os índices reprodutivos e, embora a IA única não revele significância quanto ao menor valor de TL, há necessidade de serem realizados novos estudos nesta área. | Two hundred fifty four sows Camborough 22 (PIC®), were divided in 3 treatments: T 1 (n=60) - 600 UI of eCG after weaning and 5 mg of LH, after 72 h, with single artificial insemination (AI) (24 h after LH); T 2 (n=95) - same hormonal treatment of T1, with 2 AI (24 and 32 h after LH); T 3 (n=99) - control group, with 3 AI. The averages of weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI) in T1, T2 and T3 were of 87,4 ± 3,0 (87 - 111), 87 ± 0 (87) and 99,9 ± 13,6 (63 - 135) h, respectively, been reduced (P < 0,0001) by gonadotropins. The duration of estrus (DE) were of 44,3 ± 8,78 (12 - 60), 41,3 ± 9,77 (24 - 60) and 60,1 ± 10,22 (36 - 84) h, respectively for T1, T2 and T3, showed lower (P < 0,0001) in treated sows. Fourteen of 155 sows that received gonadotropins (9,03 %) didn't show oestrus. Among these, 10 return to estrus, denote 40% of the total returns. The diferences in LH to ovulation interval (LH-OV) among control group (56,1 ± 15,91, range: 21 - 93 h) and treated groups (35,7 ± 6,07 in T1 and 35,5 ± 6,06 in T2, range: 30 - 42 h) were significant (P < 0,0001). The litter size (LS) were of 10,6 ± 3,25 (2 - 16) in T1, 11,3 ± 3,0 (4 - 20) in T2 and 11,6 ± 2,74 (4 - 18) in T3, while the same demonstred number of piglets born alive (BA) of 9,6 ± 3,14 (2 - 16), 10,5 ± 2,83 (1 - 18) and 10,5 ± 2,73 (4 - 16). In both TL (P = 0,11) and NV (P = 0,06) there weren't any diference. The farrowing rate (FR) in T1, T2 and T3 were, respectively, 76,67 %, 88,42 % and 91,92 %, been diferent between T1 and T3 (P = 0,01). The gonadotropins were effetive in the ovulation induction and synchronization; the use of 2 AI maintained the reproductive index and, however the single AI do not show significance in LS, there is necessity of new reserchs in this area.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Relationships between the characteristics weaning-to-estrus interval, estrus duration and moment of ovulation by ultrasonography in sows | Relações entre as características intervalo desmame-cio, duração do cio e momento da ovulação diagnosticado pela ultra-sonografia em fêmeas da espécie suína
1999
Carlos Henrique Cabral Viana | Paulo Roberto Souza da Silveira | Anibal SantAnna Moretti | Paulo Henrique Mazza Rodrigues
Relationships between weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI), duration of estrus (DE) and moment of ovulation (MO) were studied. A total of 236 sows were observed to record the data of WEI and DE, which were tested by back pressure 4 times a day, in the presence of a boar. The ovulation was diagnosed in 77 sows, by transcutaneous ultrasonography, 3 times a day at 8-hour interval. There was negative correlation between WEI and DE (r=-0.4657; p=0.0001) and between WEI and MO (r=-0.3955; p=0.0004), however, there was no correlation between DE and MO (r=0.2201; p=0.0578). The percentage of females that ovulated between 0 to 24, 24 to 48, 48 to 72 and over 72 hours after the onset of estrus was, respectively, 0%, 58.4%, 37.5% and 4.2% to WEI of 3 days, 3.2%, 67.7%, 29.2% and 0% to WEI of 4 days, 0%, 91.6%, 8.3% e 0% to WEI of 5 days and 10%, 90%, 0% and 0% to WEI of 6 and 7 days. In these conditions, the WEI was not a good reference to be utilized as a predictor of ideal moment of insemination. However, the information about the characteristics WEI, DE and MO within each herd help to point the mistakes and to develop AI programs. | Estudaram-se as relações entre o intervalo desmame-cio (IDC), a duração do cio (DC) e o momento da ovulação (MO). Foram observadas 236 fêmeas para a obtenção dos dados de IDC e DC, as quais eram testadas para o diagnóstico de cio 4 vezes ao dia, na presença do macho. A ovulação foi diagnosticada em 77 fêmeas, pela ultra-sonografia, por via transcutânea, em 3 exames diários com 8 horas de intervalo. Houve correlação negativa entre intervalo desmame-cio e duração do cio (r=-0,4657; p=0,0001) e entre intervalo desmame-cio e momento da ovulação (r=-0,3955; p=0,0004), no entanto, não houve correlação entre duração do cio e momento da ovulação (r=0,2201; p=0,0578). A porcentagem de fêmeas que ovularam entre 0 e 24, 24 e 48, 48 e 72 e acima de 72 horas após o início do cio foi de, respectivamente, 0%, 58,4%, 37,5% e 4,2% para o IDC de 3 dias, 3,2%, 67,7%, 29,2% e 0% para o IDC de 4 dias, 0%, 91,6%, 8,3% e 0% para o IDC de 5 dias e 10%, 90%, 0% e 0% para o IDC de 6 e 7 dias. Nestas condições, o IDC não se mostrou uma referência confiável para ser utilizado como um preditor do momento ideal da inseminação. No entanto, o conhecimento das características IDC, DC e MO dentro de cada rebanho ajuda a apontar falhas e elaborar programas eficientes de IA.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Reproductive biology of the mare: oestrous cycle and ovulation time | Biologia reprodutiva de éguas: estudo do ciclo estral e momento de ovulação
1998
Marco Aurélio ROMANO | Raul Gastão MUCCIOLO | Antonio Emídio Dias Feliciano e SILVA
Twenty one mares were used, 11 Pure breed (PSA) and 10 cross-breed Arabicus (CA) from 3 to 11 years old. The animals were teased daily. The heat was supervised by rectum palpation at first twice, and thereafter, three times a day until the end of estrus. Independent of estrus stage, all animals were examined three times a week. To detect the ovulation time, the mares were examined at 8:00 am, 4:00 pm and 11:00 pm, through the whole estrus period, to observe the ovarian and follicles size, sensibility and consistency. The mean length of oestrous cycle was 24.24 ± 6.00 days, with 7.50 ± 4.16 days to estrus and 17.53 ± 3.18 to diestrus. The ontset of estrus occurred more frequently at 12:00 pm than at 8:00 am or 4:00 pm. Ovulations occurred at night (75%) and 25% during the day. Ovulations were frequently uniform in the ovariums. In 85% of the cases the estrus signs finished 24 hours after ovulation. | No presente estudo, foram utilizadas 21 éguas, das quais eram 11 Puros-Sangues Árabes (PSA) e 10 Cruza Árabes (CA), entre 3 e 11 anos de idade. Para identificação do estro (cio) utilizaram-se os métodos de rufiação e palpação retal, sendo que as éguas foram rufiadas 3 vezes ao dia até o final do estro para determinação de sua duração. Independente do estágio do ciclo, todos os animais foram examinados pelo menos 3 vezes por semana. No diagnóstico do momento de ovulação, as éguas foram examinadas às 8 h, 12 h e 16 h durante todo o período de estro, verificando-se as condições ovarianas e foliculares. A duração média do ciclo estral foi de 24,24 ± 6,00 dias com 7,50 ± 4,16 dias de estro. Observou-se que o início do estro foi mais freqüente às 12 h do que às 8 h ou 16 h e que as ovulações ocorreram 75% à noite, estando distribuídas de igual maneira nos dois ovários. Notou-se, também, que a fase estral terminou em 85% dos casos 24 horas após a ovulação.
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