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Pharmacodynamic interaction of fenugreek with insulin and glimepiride in streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in Sprague Dawley rats
2015
Haritha Chiluka | Gopala Reddy Alla | Ramana Reddy Yerradoddi | Anil Kumar Banothu
This study was aimed to assess the effect of fenugreek-insulin-glimepiride interaction on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A total of 56 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=8); group 1: served as Sham, group 2: Diabetic control, groups 3, 4 and 5: served as individual treatment group, groups 6 and 7: treated with combination of insulin-fenugreek and glimepiride-fenugreek, respectively. Serum creatinine levels of the rats were estimated at 4th and 8th weeks during treatment. Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Glutathione (GSH) and protein carbonyls were estimated in the kidney homogenate, and relative kidney weights were measured at the end of the experiment. Present study indicated that the levels of TBARS and protein carbonyls significantly increased in group 2 and decreased in groups 3 to 7. On the other hand, groups 6 and 7 showed significantly lowered values compared to the individual treatment groups. The concentration of GSH was significantly decreased in group 2 and significantly increased in groups 3 to 7, and group 7 showed significantly higher concentration among all the treated groups. The serum creatinine concentration in group 2 was significantly higher and all treatment groups (3 to 7) showed significantly lowered values at 4th and 8th wks after treatment. The individual treatment groups (3, 4 and 5), antagonised the significant alteration in the antioxidant parameters, and their combination was revealed synergism by improving the oxidative status in diabetic rats. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2015; 2(3.000): 353-356]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Influence of ethanolic extract of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) seed flour on the estrous cycle, the serum concentrations of reproductive hormones, and the activities of oxidative stress markers in female cavies (Cavia porcellus L.)
2021
Dongmo Nguedia Arius Baulland | Vemo Bertin Narcisse | Tchoffo Herve | Mohamadou Adamou | Chongsi Margaret Mary Momo | Djuissi Motchewo Nadège | Mahamat Tahir Markhous Adam | Ngoula Ferdinand
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the ethanolic extract of avocado seed flour on the estrous cycle characteristics, the concentrations of reproductive hormones [luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol], and the activities of some tissues (ovarian and uterine) that are markers of oxidative stress in female guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Materials and Methods: Twenty-four female cavies with normal estrous cycles and equivalent body weights (464.25 and 71.88 gm) were randomly assigned to four groups, each with six females. The control group received 1 ml of distilled water orally, whereas the EE100, EE200, and EE400 groups received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract of Persea americana seed, respectively. Following that, three consecutive estrous cycles were observed using vaginal smears. After the trial, the females were slaughtered, and blood and organs were gathered for study. Results: The mean duration of the estrus phase is considerably (p < 0.05) longer in group EE100 animals than in control animals. LH concentrations were substantially (p < 0.05) higher in females in group EE200 than in controls. Total cholesterol levels typically dropped in females in the extract groups, but only significantly (p < 0.05) in those in group EE100 compared to the control group. Serum estradiol levels increased considerably (p < 0.05) in treated females compared to controls. Catalase activity rose considerably (p < 0.05) in the ovaries of group EE400 when compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase activity rose considerably (p < 0.05) in the uterus of female cavies given the extract compared to the control. Conclusion: Avocado seed ethanolic extract prolongs the estrus phase, increases estradiol and LH levels, and protects the uterus from oxidative stress in female cavies. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2021; 8(3.000): 501-510]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Defensive impact of propolis against CCl4 actuated rats testicular damage
2021
Aml El-Saeed Hashem
Objective: The papers primary goal is to report the devastating impact of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on rat testicular tissue and the possible protecting function of propolis against CCl4 based on its free radical scavenging and inflammatory relief properties. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 adult male albino rats had been classified into four groups (six rats/group). Rats of group 1 served as control, whereas groups 24 received propolis (200 mg/kg/day), CCl4 (3 ml/kg/day), and propolis/CCl4, respectively. After 4 weeks, the collected sera were applied for the estimation of lipid profile and sex hormones. Also, histopathological picture, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) gene profile was measured in collected testicular tissues. Results: The present information revealed a noteworthy change (p < 0.05) in lipid profile, decrease in testicular weight, testosterone, antioxidants values along with a prominent increase (p < 0.05) in estradiol, lipid peroxidation values, and expression of TNFα in rats administrated with CCl4 com¬pared to control. Moreover, the histopathological profile showed the degeneration of the epithe¬lium. Interestingly, propolis attenuated the destructive effect of CCl4 on rat testes. Conclusion: The examined dose of propolis reduced oxidation, and inflammatory reactions resulted from CCl4 exposure and proved that it might have a helpful part in free radicals inter¬ceded diseases. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2021; 8(1.000): 70-77]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]The impact of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (sildenafil citrate) on some hippocampal neurotransmitters, oxidative stress status, minerals, and anxiety-like behavior in rats
2020
Mona Hafez Hafez | Sara Elsayed El-Kazaz
Objective: The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor sildenafil citrate (SC) on the level of brain hippocampal neurophysiological parameters (inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters), oxidant/antioxidant status, minerals, and anxiety-like behavior using albino male rats. Materials and methods: A total of 24 albino male rats were allocated to three separate groups (each one had eight rats): control and SC 5 and 10 mg/kg treatments via i.p. infusion every 3 days for 12 injections. For the behavior of anxiety evaluation, the elevated plus maze test was conducted 1 day after the last treatment, and then all the rats were killed. For serum separation, the blood samples were taken, and hippocampus was dissected from the brain and stored frozen until analysis. Results: Both doses of sildenafil significantly improved brain hippocampal neurotransmitter [nor¬epinephrine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and gamma-aminobutyric acid] values accompa¬nied by a decreased dopamine level. Interestingly, the SC higher given dose (10 mg/kg) increased the malondialdehyde level with the reduction of the antioxidant parameters [reduced glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities] although the lower dose of SC did not cause oxidative stress. Serum and brain hippocampal K, Cu, and Se concentrations were also increased with SC treatments. Moreover, the test of elevated plus maze revealed an anxiolytic impact of sildenafil. Conclusion: It was concluded that SC improved the parameters of some hippocampal neurotrans¬mitters and minerals accompanied by anxiolytic impact with the test of elevated plus maze, with a state of oxidative stress revealed with the higher dose of SC which was not recorded with the lower dose. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2020; 7(2.000): 281-289]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on some pathophysiological alterations in induced hyperlipidemic male Albino Rats
2024
Walaa S. El-Din Raslan | Yasmeen Magdy | Mohamed. M.S. Gaballa | Maha Mamdouh | Shimaa A.E. Atwa | Mona M. Abdel Mohsen | Amgad kadah
Obesity alters lipid profile, blood glucose, liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and hormonal balance. Fennel has shown anti-obesity effects in preliminary studies, but its role in ameliorative metabolic complications of obesity needs further research. This study assessed the provisional influences of fennel extract against high-fat diet-provoked metabolic deviations in rats. Forty male albino rats were allocated into standard diet control, obese control, low dose fennel (100 mg/kg) and high dose fennel (300 mg/kg) groups. Obesity was triggered by 4 weeks of high-fat nourishment. Fennel extract was applied orally for 6 weeks. Parameters considered were body weight, lipid profile, blood glucose, liver enzymes, anti-oxidant status, thyroid hormones, leptin, and hepatic insulin receptor gene expression. Fennel significantly diminished body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, liver enzymes, glucose, and leptin while increasing HDL-cholesterol, anti-oxidant enzymes, and thyroid stimulating hormone compared to obese controls. Histological examination has shown alleviation of fat accumulation and intracellular changes in the liver. Insulin receptor gene expression was also significantly increased by fennel extract. This study demonstrated that fennel extract reverses obesity-induced metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and histopathological change in the liver of rats. The hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidant, and hepatoprotective properties of fennel may be beneficial in managing obesity-associated metabolic complications.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Hepatoprotective, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Quercetin or Rosemary extract against metalaxyl toxicity -induced liver damage in rats: A role of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways
2024
Alaa S.A. Hussein | Yakout A. El- Senosi | Mohamed k. Mahfouz | Mahmoud M. Arafa | Ibrahim Elmaghraby
Metalaxyl, a benzenoid fungicide, has hazardous effects on mammalian animals. Exposure to metalaxyl causes oxidative stress as well as clear toxicity. The possible protective impact of quercetin or rosemary extract against liver damage caused by the fungicide metalaxyl in rats were evaluated. Twenty-eight male albino rats split into four equal groups. G1 (control group); Rats were received distilled water. G2 (metalaxyl): Rats were administered oral dosages of metalaxyl (130 mg/kg b.wt) 1/10 LD50 three times a week for six weeks. G3 (metalaxyl + quercetin): Rats were given 50 mg/kg b.wt/day of quercetin in addition to (130 mg/kg b.wt) of metalaxyl. G4 (metalaxyl + Rosemary extract): Rats were given (200 mg/kg b.wt/day) of Rosemary extract in addition to 130 mg/kg b.wt of metalaxyl. The findings showed that rats exposed to metalaxyl had markedly elevated levels of liver marker enzymes and clearly up-regulation of Caspase-3 gene expression. However, rats exposed to metalaxyl showed a considerable downregulation of the expression of the liver HO-1, Nrf2, and Bcl-2 genes. Conversely, Quercetin or Rosmary extract co-treatment with metalaxyl induce significant decreases in serum liver enzymes along with downregulation in caspase 3, while up-regulation of HO-1, Nrf2 and Bcl-2 gene expression in hepatocytes of treated rats. These results suggest that quercetin and rosemary extract may have a potential protective role as strong hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, mitigate oxidative stress caused by metalaxyl toxicity induced -liver damage by inhibiting caspase 3 mediated initiation of HO-1, Nrf2 and Bcl-2 genes.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of Dietary Selenium Nanoparticles Supplementation on Hematological, Serum Biochemical, Oxidant-Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium
2023
Tamer S. Allam | Nahed Saleh | Reda Tarabees | Ola F.A. Talkhan | Shaimaa T. Elfrmawy | Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah
The current study evaluated the efficacy of Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on hemato-biochemical, antioxidant biomarkers, and immunological responses induced by S. Typhimurium in broiler chickens. Chicks (N=120) were divided into six groups. Group 1: received no treatment and set as a control group. Group 2: fed Se-NPs enriched diet (0.5 mg/kg diet). Group 3: subjected to oral challenge with 3.5x108 CFU/mL/1 ml/bird of S. Typhimurium. Group 4: administrated Se-NPs (0.5 mg/kg diet) then on day 21 was subjected to 3.5x108 CFU/mL/1 ml/bird of S. Typhimurium. Group 5: vaccinated by a SERVAC Tri Sal. 0.1ml subcutaneous (s/c) injection on day 3 then subjected to 3.5x108 CFU/mL/1 ml/bird of S. Typhimurium on day 21. Group 6: treated from day 1 with Se-NPs (0.5 mg/kg diet) till the end of the experiment and vaccinated by a SERVAC Tri Sal. 0.1ml (s/c) on day 3 and then subjected to 3.5x108 CFU/mL/1 ml/bird of S. Typhimurium on day 21. The results showed that S. Typhimurium significantly decreased erythrogram, lymphocytes count, total protein, albumin, A/G ratio, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, serum iron, and TIBC, GPX, SOD, TAC, and IL-10 expression compared to the control. Meanwhile, S. Typhimurium significantly increased TLC, heterophils, monocytes, serum ferritin, liver enzymes (ALT, AST), renal products (creatinine, uric acid), MDA, IL6 expression. Conversely, the dietary Se-NPs supplementation and/or Salmonella vaccine to the infected broiler induced, to various degrees, improvement in hemato-biochemical, antioxidant biomarkers, and proinflammatory responses compared to challenged group. In conclusion, dietary Se-NPs supplementation offered a direct protection against S. Typhimurium infection for sustaining poultry production and correspondingly protecting human health.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Serum Biochemical Changes in Response to Affection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mastitis in Holstein Dairy Cows
2023
Dina R.S. Gad El-Karim | Gamal A. El-Amrawi | Alyaa R. Salama
Despite of the great efforts to develop effective control programs for mastitis, it is still one of the most economically important diseases in dairy cattle herds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of coliform Gram-negative bacteria causing treatment-resistant clinical or sub-clinical mastitis in dairy cows. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of affection with clinical P. aeruginosa mastitis on some oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines and proteins, in addition to some complement factors in Holstein dairy cows. Affection with P. aeruginosa mastitis evoked a state of oxidative stress which accompanied with depletion of cellular enzymatic and non-enzymatic anti-oxidants and elevation of lipid peroxide and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) level. Additionally, this affection stimulated the release of some inflammatory cytokines and proteins, enhanced activity of caspase-1. In contrary, the level of complement factor 2 (C2), complement fragments C3b and complement fragment C5a has been decreased upon affection with mastitis. In conclusion, marked oxidative stress state and enhanced release of inflammatory cytokines and proteins with complement system defective activation may share in pathogenesis and virulence of P. aeruginosa-induced clinical mastitis in dairy cattle.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of silica nanoparticles on kidney of albino rats with the potential ameliorative efficacy of liposomal curcumin
2024
Hala Youssef | Yasmine A. Mansour | Ebtihal M.M. EL-Leithy | Mona K. Galal | Maha M. Rashad | Emad Tolba | Khaled S. Abou-El-Sherbini | Mamdouh A. El-Shammaa
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) are widely used commercially in various biomedical and industrial applications. However, their potential toxicity on human and animal health hasattracted particular attention. Liposomal curcumin (LP-Cur) has effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defense mechanism.So, this study was achieved toassess the potential ameliorative effect of (LP-Cur) on (SiO2-NPs) induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Twenty four adult male albino rats of the same weight were divided into four groups: (Gp I) negative control group (received single intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% saline, standard diet and distilled water), (Gp II) SiO2-NPs exposed group (received 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally), (Gp III) SiO2-NPs and LP-Cur co-treated group (received 200 mg/kg body weight SiO2-NPsintraperitoneally + 80 mg/kg body weight LP-Cur orally), and (Gp IV) LP-Cur treated group (received 80 mg/kg body weight orally) for 30 days. At the end of experiment, the rats were euthanized by inhalation of 2% isoflurane (0.10 ml) in internal volume of chamber. Blood and kidney samples were collected from all rats for biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. SiO2-NPssignificantly increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine levels and malondialdehyde. Whereas they substantially reduced the glutathione levels. SiO2-NPs also caused dilatation, congestion ofmost glomeruli in addition to, some atrophied ones. Also, most renal tubulesshowed degenerative changes and marked interstitial hemorrhage. A significant increase in the immunoreactions of caspase-3 of SiO2-NPs exposed rats. Conversely, the administration of LP-Cur ameliorated the detrimental toxic effects caused by SiO2-NPs.In conclusion, antiapoptotic and antioxidant actions of LP-Cur ameliorate the nephrotoxic effect induced by SiO2-NP.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Enhanced hepatotoxicity after furan and cadmium co-exposure in rats: Involvement of oxidative stress and apoptotic cascades
2024
Shrouk Amer | Ragab Elshawarby | Nabila M. Abdelaleem | Elham Elshewy | Afaf Abdelkader | Ahmed B. Zaid | Ahmed Abdeen
Furan (FU) and Cadmium (Cd) are toxic agents, and persistent exposure may harm both human and animal health. Therefore, we explored the effects of FU and Cd on liver of the male rat. Male Wister rat groups are distributed randomly: control group (Cr-water): rats were given DI water; control oil group (Cr-oil): rats received corn oil; Furan group: rats received Furan (FU, 16 mg/kg) orally; Cd group: rats obtain cadmium (Cd, 2 mg/kg) orally; and FU+Cd group: rats given both FU +Cd. For 30 days, each therapy was administered once daily. Blood samples and hepatic tissues were obtained after all rats were euthanized. The outcomes showed that treatment with FU or Cd alone considerably caused liver damage, evidenced by serum increase of AST, ALT, ALP, triglycerides, and cholesterol as well as histological changes. Following FU or Cd exposure, there were significant reductions in CAT, GSH, and SOD contents, as well as increases in malondialdehyde along with upregulated expression of PCNA and TNF-α. In contrast, when FU and Cd were administered together potentiated each other and caused more cellular damage in liver tissue. This study found that the primary modulator for enhancing FU and Cd toxicity when administered together was thought to be oxidative stress pathways.
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