In the process of monogastric animal feeding, including pigs, the special role is played by the quality of coarse grain crops as they compose 70-75% of swine ration structure. Determination of fodder productive effect on fattening swine was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The basis of the analyzed fodder was formed by fodder grain of extra fine grade. Research results showed the following: inclusion of extra fine grade barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) (chosen in accordance with the standard of the Republic of Belarus) into all-in-one mixed fodders SK-26 and SK-31 for fattening swine made it possible to obtain higher productive capacity of the experimental animals in comparison with the identical mixed fodders containing barley and wheat of other grades (chosen in accordance with All-Union State Standard 28672-90); in the experimental groups the average daily weight gain in course of the fattening period was on 34 grams higher, and the average selling weight of 1 head - on 4,1 kg than in the control group. Swine which were fed with the presented mixed fodders with grain extra fine grade showed fewer deviations from the rated value of metabolism (blood serum protein and its fractions, calcium, phosphorus, acid capacity) in comparison with the control groups

Studying of interaction of phytolectins with carbohydrate epitopes of cattle erythrocytes and alpha 1-4 D-glukan was realize in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus was realized by the example of seeds of soy (Glycine max) of Viliya variety, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) of Olga variety, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) of VM-MGF variety, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) of Akogomugi varity. Lectins studies of pathological conditions (infringement of a cellular metabolism, transformation and cell destruction, etc.) were closely connected with research of structure and functions of cellular membranes that was important for carrying out of various biotechnological works. As a result of the realized research there was given the comparative characteristic of hemagglutinin activity of phytolectins of some bean and grain crops in relation to erythrocytes of cattle and precipitating with and 1-4 D-glukan. Intensive precipitation of alpha 1-4 D-glukan was observed in the conditions of its interaction with lectins of soya and wheat and less expressed in the conditions of interaction with lectins of bean and barley. It was established, that glucose monomers and its derivatives proved to be the basic structural element of glycocalyx of erythrocytes which detected the phytolectins of soya, beans, wheat and barley

For the successful decision of pressing questions of manufacture of cattle-breeding production in the field of biochemistry in whole and molecular biology in particular in-depth studies are necessary. Progress and achievements in this area are closely connected with development of new research methods. One of them is studying of proteins-lectines. Lectines, entering into structure of plant tissues, microorganisms, animal, take part in regulation of their metabolism, and also in protection against some agents of environment. On the other hand, lectines, being allocated from live objects, are the valuable biochemical reagents which use is perspective in experimental cytochemistry, in diagnostics and treatment of some animal diseases, in biotechnological processes of allocation of some difficult hydrocarbon-bearing substances. Result of the spent research was the comparative characteristic of hemagglutinin activity of phytolectines of some bean and grain crops in relation to cattle erythrocytes and precipitated with and D-yeast cellulose. Intensive precipitation with a 1-4 D-yeast cellulose was observed at its interaction with soya and wheat pectins, and less expressed - at interaction with string bean and barley pectins. It is established, that by the basic structural element of erythrocytes glycocalyx which detect soya, string beans, wheat and barley phytolectines, are monomeasures of glucose or its derivatives. The given interactions of phytolectines with a 1-4 D-yeast cellulose are presented, hemagglutination curves by results of turbodimetria are shown | Для успешного решения актуальных вопросов производства животноводческой продукции необходимы глубокие исследования в области биохимии в целом и молекулярной биологии в частности. Прогресс и достижения в этой области науки тесно связаны с развитием новых методов исследований. Одним из них является изучение белков-лектинов. Лектины, входя в структуру тканей растений, микроорганизмов, животных, принимают участие в регулировании их метаболизма, а также в защите от некоторых агентов внешней среды. С другой стороны, лектины, будучи выделенные из живых объектов, являются ценными биохимическими реагентами, использование которых перспективно в экспериментальной цитохимии, в диагностике и лечении некоторых болезней животных, в биотехнологических процессах выделения некоторых сложных углеводсодержащих веществ. Результатом проведенных исследований явилась сравнительная характеристика гемагглютинирующей активности фитолектинов некоторых бобовых и зерновых культур по отношению к эритроцитам крупного рогатого скота и преципитирующая с а 1-4 D-глюканом. Интенсивная преципитация a 1-4 D-глюкана наблюдалась при его взаимодействии с пектинами сои и пшеницы, и менее выраженная - при взаимодействии с пектинами фасоли и ячменя. Установлено, что основным структурным элементом гликокалекса эритроцитов, который детектируют фитолектины сои, фасоли, пшеницы и ячменя, являются мономеры глюкозы или ее производные. Приведены данные взаимодействия фитолектинов с а 1-4 D-глюканом, показаны кривые гемагглютинации по результатам турбодиметрии