Refinar búsqueda
Resultados 161-170 de 832
Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy Texto completo
2024
Shithi, Khairun Nahar | Saha, Ananna | Haque, Md Nurul | Hossain, Ismail | Nooruzzaman, Mohammed | Begum, Jahan Ara | Parvin, Rokshana | Chowdhury, Emdadul Haque
Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy Texto completo
2024
Shithi, Khairun Nahar | Saha, Ananna | Haque, Md Nurul | Hossain, Ismail | Nooruzzaman, Mohammed | Begum, Jahan Ara | Parvin, Rokshana | Chowdhury, Emdadul Haque
Objective: The study aims to prepare the ash filtrate (AF) from household ashes using an in-house-designed handmade filtration system and to observe the antimicrobial efficacy and sanitizing effects. Materials and Methods: Household ashes from various plant sources were collected, and AF was prepared through a handmade filtration system after adding water. The pH of stock AF was measured, and 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% AF solutions were prepared by adding distilled water in appropriate proportions to obtain a wide range of pH values. The antimicrobial efficacy of AF against Salmonella spp. in vitro, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) H9 N2 in ovo were analyzed. Contaminated eggs were individually sprayed or dipped with AF to detect the bacterial load on the eggshell surface. Further experimental use of AF as an egg sanitizer in routine biosecurity operations in broiler sheds was also evaluated. Results: The prepared AF showed high alkalinity; pH varied from 10.7 to 8.20 and contained a higher amount of K, Na, and Cl. The alkaline AF and its dilution gradually inhibited Salmonella growth and showed gradual pH-dependent antibacterial efficacy. Similarly, AF and its dilution showed a gradual decrease in viral titer against the LPAIV (H9N2); however, antiviral activity against the velogenic strain of NDV was quite steady. Applying AF as an egg sanitizer also reduced the bacterial loads significantly on the eggshell surface compared to untreated eggs. Moreover, AF having pH 10.5 experimentally used in routine sanitization practices of a boiler shed resulted in low bird mortality (10/210), higher body weight gain, and a low feed conversion ratio compared to the untreated control flock. Conclusion: The higher alkalinity of the AF is responsible for the antimicrobial activity of commercial disinfectants. Consequently, we can use AF as a low-cost, effective, natural antimicrobial agent to replace chemical disinfectants. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 1007–1016, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k851
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy Texto completo
2024
Khairun Nahar Shithi | Ananna Saha | Md. Nurul Haque | Ismail Hossain | Mohammed Nooruzzaman | Jahan Ara Begum | Rokshana Parvin | Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
Objective: The study aims to prepare the ash filtrate (AF) from household ashes using an in-house-designed handmade filtration system and to observe the antimicrobial efficacy and sanitizing effects. Materials and Methods: Household ashes from various plant sources were collected, and AF was prepared through a handmade filtration system after adding water. The pH of stock AF was measured, and 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% AF solutions were prepared by adding distilled water in appropriate proportions to obtain a wide range of pH values. The antimicrobial efficacy of AF against Salmonella spp. in vitro, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) H9N2 in ovo were analyzed. Contaminated eggs were individually sprayed or dipped with AF to detect the bacterial load on the eggshell surface. Further experimental use of AF as an egg sanitizer in routine biosecurity operations in broiler sheds was also evaluated. Results: The prepared AF showed high alkalinity; pH varied from 10.7 to 8.20 and contained a higher amount of K, Na, and Cl. The alkaline AF and its dilution gradually inhibited Salmonella growth and showed gradual pH-dependent antibacterial efficacy. Similarly, AF and its dilution showed a gradual decrease in viral titer against the LPAIV (H9N2); however, antiviral activity against the velogenic strain of NDV was quite steady. Applying AF as an egg sanitizer also reduced the bacterial loads significantly on the eggshell surface compared to untreated eggs. Moreover, AF having pH 10.5 experimentally used in routine sanitization practices of a boiler shed resulted in low bird mortality (10/210), higher body weight gain, and a low feed conversion ratio compared to the untreated control flock. Conclusion: The higher alkalinity of the AF is responsible for the antimicrobial activity of commercial disinfectants. Consequently, we can use AF as a low-cost, effective, natural antimicrobial agent to replace chemical disinfectants. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(4.000): 1007-1016]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Feasibility of using nitrogen distribution of milk to identify adulterated and reconstituted market milk Texto completo
2024
Khandakar, Md Mehedi Hasan | Sarker, Md Nasir | Habib, Md Rezwanul | Bari, Md Sadakatul | Jahan, Rawnak | Islam, Md Nurul | Sarker, Md Abid Hasan | naser, Md Abu | Islam, Mohammad Ashiqul
Feasibility of using nitrogen distribution of milk to identify adulterated and reconstituted market milk Texto completo
2024
Khandakar, Md Mehedi Hasan | Sarker, Md Nasir | Habib, Md Rezwanul | Bari, Md Sadakatul | Jahan, Rawnak | Islam, Md Nurul | Sarker, Md Abid Hasan | naser, Md Abu | Islam, Mohammad Ashiqul
Objective: This study aimed to explore the viability of nitrogen distribution in milk to detect adulteration in market milk. Materials and Methods: Raw cow milk was obtained from the dairy farm at Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF). Fluid market milk, nonbranded bulk powdered milk, and local brand powdered milk were bought from the Mymensingh city area. The milk samples were T1 (milk from a known source—BAUDF, control group), T2 (reconstituted nonbranded bulk powdered milk), T3 (reconstituted local brand powdered milk), T4 (fluid market milk from Goala), T5 (mixture of 75% T1 and 25% T2), and T6 (mixture of 50% T1 and 50% T2). There were four replications in each variable, and the samples were tested for their physicochemical properties (specific gravity and acidity), gross composition (total solids, ash, milk fat, lactose, and total protein), and nitrogen distribution [casein nitrogen, noncasein nitrogen (NCN), and nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)]. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the milk samples about their physicochemical properties and gross composition. The T2 and T6 samples imparted lower protein content (p < 0.05). Much lower (p < 0.05) casein content was found in T2 and T6 than in T1. The NCN content among the samples also differed significantly (p < 0.05). All groups showed similar NPN values (p > 0.05) but the T1 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results from this study show the potential of the nitrogen distribution of milk to detect adulterated and reconstituted market milk; however, a hefty dataset is required before being adopted at the field level. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 1023-1029, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k853
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Feasibility of using nitrogen distribution of milk to identify adulterated and reconstituted market milk Texto completo
2024
Md. Mehedi Hasan Khandakar | Md. Nasir Sarker | Md. Rezwanul Habib | Md. Sadakatul Bari | Rawnak Jahan | Md. Nurul Islam | Md. Abid Hasan Sarkerp | Md. Abunaser | Mohammad Ashiqul Islam
Objective: This study aimed to explore the viability of nitrogen distribution in milk to detect adulteration in market milk. Materials and Methods: Raw cow milk was obtained from the dairy farm at Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF). Fluid market milk, nonbranded bulk powdered milk, and local brand powdered milk were bought from the Mymensingh city area. The milk samples were T1 (milk from a known source—BAUDF, control group), T2 (reconstituted nonbranded bulk powdered milk), T3 (reconstituted local brand powdered milk), T4 (fluid market milk from Goala), T5 (mixture of 75% T1 and 25% T2), and T6 (mixture of 50% T1 and 50% T2). There were four replications in each variable, and the samples were tested for their physicochemical properties (specific gravity and acidity), gross composition (total solids, ash, milk fat, lactose, and total protein), and nitrogen distribution [casein nitrogen, noncasein nitrogen (NCN), and nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)]. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the milk samples about their physicochemical properties and gross composition. The T2 and T6 samples imparted lower protein content (p < 0.05). Much lower (p < 0.05) casein content was found in T2 and T6 than in T1. The NCN content among the samples also differed significantly (p < 0.05). All groups showed similar NPN values (p > 0.05) but the T1 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results from this study show the potential of the nitrogen distribution of milk to detect adulterated and reconstituted market milk; however, a hefty dataset is required before being adopted at the field level. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(4.000): 1023-1029]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wild Sumatran Orangutans (Pongo abelii) Texto completo
2024
Afiff, Usamah | Hidayat, Rahmat | Indrawati, Agustin | Sunartatie, Titiek | Hardiati, Aprilia | Rotinsulu, Dordia Anindita | Arifiantini, Raden Iis | Naoremisa, Deandarla | Mar’ah, Nurhashunatil | Safika, Safika
Antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wild Sumatran Orangutans (Pongo abelii) Texto completo
2024
Afiff, Usamah | Hidayat, Rahmat | Indrawati, Agustin | Sunartatie, Titiek | Hardiati, Aprilia | Rotinsulu, Dordia Anindita | Arifiantini, Raden Iis | Naoremisa, Deandarla | Mar’ah, Nurhashunatil | Safika, Safika
Objective: Orangutans (Pongo abelii), as endemic primates of Indonesia, are characterized by a predominantly arboreal lifestyle. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumonia) and other Gram-negative bacteria are present in the Indigenous flora of many mammals, including orangutans. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of K. pneumonia isolated from wild Sumatran orangutans. Materials and Methods: This study investigated 10 fecal samples from wild Sumatran orangutans from the Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh, Indonesia. Biochemical and molecular identification of K. pneumoniae using the RNA polymerase subunit b gene and detection of virulence-associated genes. In addition, molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes was performed to characterize the resistance mechanisms in the isolates. Results: K. pneumonia was detected in 6 out of 10 fecal samples from wild Sumatran orangutans. The virulence genes mrkD and entB were detected in all (100%) of the isolates, whereas wabG was identified in 83.33% of the strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing against K. pneumoniae revealed that three isolates were susceptible to streptomycin (S) and nalidixic acid (NA), while all six isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. One isolate demonstrated intermediate resistance to NA, while the remaining two exhibited intermediate resistance to S. Six isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin, indicating multidrug resistance. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the isolates with the following prevalence: blaTEM gene (six isolates; 100%), blaSHV (six isolates; 100%), blaCTX-M gene (four isolates; 66.67%), and tetA gene (four isolates; 66.67%). Conclusion: This study revealed the virulence and resistance profile of K. pneumoniae bacterium isolated from wild Sumatran orangutans, which is essential for formulating effective conservation and healthcare strategies. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 1066–1075, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k858
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wild Sumatran Orangutans (Pongo abelii) Texto completo
2024
Usamah Afiff | Rahmat Hidayat | Agustin Indrawati | Titiek Sunartatie | Aprilia Hardiati | Dordia Anindita Rotinsulu | Raden Iis Arifiantini | Deandarla Naoremisa | Nurhashunatil Mar'ah | Safika Safika
Objective: Orangutans (Pongo abelii), as endemic primates of Indonesia, are characterized by a predominantly arboreal lifestyle. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumonia) and other Gram-negative bacteria are present in the Indigenous flora of many mammals, including orangutans. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance and virulence profile of K. pneumonia isolated from wild Sumatran orangutans. Materials and Methods: This study investigated 10 fecal samples from wild Sumatran orangutans from the Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh, Indonesia. Biochemical and molecular identification of K. pneumoniae using the RNA polymerase subunit b gene and detection of virulence-associated genes. In addition, molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes was performed to character¬ize the resistance mechanisms in the isolates. Results: K. pneumonia was detected in 6 out of 10 fecal samples from wild Sumatran orangutans. The virulence genes mrkD and entB were detected in all (100%) of the isolates, whereas wabG was identified in 83.33% of the strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing against K. pneumoniae revealed that three isolates were susceptible to streptomycin (S) and nalidixic acid (NA), while all six isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. One isolate demonstrated intermediate resistance to NA, while the remaining two exhibited intermediate resistance to S. Six isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin, indicating multidrug resis¬tance. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the isolates with the following prevalence: blaTEM gene (six isolates; 100%), blaSHV (six isolates; 100%), blaCTX-M gene (four isolates; 66.67%), and tetA gene (four isolates; 66.67%). Conclusion: This study revealed the virulence and resistance profile of K. pneumoniae bacterium isolated from wild Sumatran orangutans, which is essential for formulating effective conservation and healthcare strategies. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(4.000): 1066-1075]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of melatonin, zinc sulfate, nano-melatonin, and nano-zinc oxide on mitochondria function and developmental competence of buffalo oocytes Texto completo
2024
Kandil, Omaima Mohamed | Elsehy, Heba Elsaeed | Baker, Nabil Mohamed | Elbehiry, Mohamed Asran | Hattab, Sayed Ahmed
Effect of melatonin, zinc sulfate, nano-melatonin, and nano-zinc oxide on mitochondria function and developmental competence of buffalo oocytes Texto completo
2024
Kandil, Omaima Mohamed | Elsehy, Heba Elsaeed | Baker, Nabil Mohamed | Elbehiry, Mohamed Asran | Hattab, Sayed Ahmed
Objective: The aim of the current work is studying the effect of antioxidants and nano-antioxidants on in vitro development and mitochondrial function of buffalo oocytes. Materials and Methods: Good and excellent Buffalo oocytes were in vitro matured: (1) tissue culture medium-199 (control group), (2) TCM-199 + melatonin (Mel) 10−9 M (Mel group), (3) TCM-199 + zinc 10−6 M (Zn group), (4) TCM-199 + nano- Mel 10−6 M (N-Mel group), and (5) TCM199 + nano-zinc-oxide 10−6 M (N-ZnO group) and incubated with CO2 5% and 38.5°C for 22 hr. In vitro-matured oocytes were either stained for mitochondrial function or cultured for detection of embryo development. Results: The maturation rate of buffalo oocytes in the N-Mel and N-ZnO groups had a significant (p < 0.05) increase (91.89% and 93.64%, respectively) compared to the Mel group (85.78%) and Zn group (81.37%), and all groups were significantly higher than the control (73.16%). Mitochondrial intensity was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the N-Mel and N-ZnO groups than in oocytes matured in the Mel, Zn, or control groups. Rates of fertilization, cleavage, and transferable embryos of buffalo oocytes matured in vitro were significantly raised in the N-ZnO group (88.35%, 85.93%, and 30.71%, respectively) and the N-Mel group (86.74%, 82.75%, and 28.32%, respectively) (p < 0.05) when compared with the Mel group (82.46%, 77.25%, and 21.29%, respectively) and the Zn group (79.98%, 75.19%, and 19.68%, respectively), and all were increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the control group (71.76%, 68.7%, and 11.98%, respectively). Conclusion: Supplementation of maturation medium with Mel 10−9 M and zinc sulfate 10−6 M and nano-Mel 10−6 M and nano-zinc oxide 10−6 M improves buffalo oocyte maturation rates, mitochondrial function, and embryo development. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 1093–1104, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k860
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of melatonin, zinc sulfate, nano-melatonin, and nano-zinc oxide on mitochondria function and developmental competence of buffalo oocytes Texto completo
2024
Omaima Mohamed Kandil | Heba Elsaeed Elsehy | Nabil Mohamed Baker | Mohamed Asran Elbehiry | Sayed Ahmed Hattab
Objective: The aim of the current work is studying the effect of antioxidants and nano-antioxidants on in vitro development and mitochondrial function of buffalo oocytes. Materials and Methods: Good and excellent Buffalo oocytes were in vitro matured: (1) tissue culture medium-199 (control group), (2) TCM-199 + melatonin (Mel) 10−9 M (Mel group), (3) TCM-199 + zinc 10−6 M (Zn group), (4) TCM-199 + nano- Mel 10−6 M (N-Mel group), and (5) TCM-199 + nano-zinc-oxide 10−6 M (N-ZnO group) and incubated with CO2 5% and 38.5°C for 22 hr. In vitro-matured oocytes were either stained for mitochondrial function or cultured for detection of embryo development. Results: The maturation rate of buffalo oocytes in the N-Mel and N-ZnO groups had a significant (p < 0.05) increase (91.89% and 93.64%, respectively) compared to the Mel group (85.78%) and Zn group (81.37%), and all groups were significantly higher than the control (73.16%). Mitochondrial intensity was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the N-Mel and N-ZnO groups than in oocytes matured in the Mel, Zn, or control groups. Rates of fertilization, cleavage, and transferable embryos of buffalo oocytes matured in vitro were significantly raised in the N-ZnO group (88.35%, 85.93%, and 30.71%, respectively) and the N-Mel group (86.74%, 82.75%, and 28.32%, respectively) (p < 0.05) when compared with the Mel group (82.46%, 77.25%, and 21.29%, respectively) and the Zn group (79.98%, 75.19%, and 19.68%, respectively), and all were increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the control group (71.76%, 68.7%, and 11.98%, respectively). Conclusion: Supplementation of maturation medium with Mel 10−9 M and zinc sulfate 10−6 M and nano-Mel 10−6 M and nano-zinc oxide 10−6 M improves buffalo oocyte maturation rates, mitochondrial function, and embryo development. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(4.000): 1093-1104]
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]A retrospective study of animal leptospirosis in Kazakhstan Texto completo
2024
Kirkimbayeva, Zhumagul | Biyashev, Birzhan | Yermagambetova, Svetlana | Kuzembekova, Gulnur | Abdeliev, Bek
Objective: The purpose of the paper was to monitor the disease incidence in farm and wild animals in some areas of Kazakhstan, which are most susceptible to leptospirosis, and the typification of isolated pathogens, carried out under the scientific and technical program “Studying the epizootological characteristics of the country territory on particularly dangerous diseases and developing veterinary and sanitary measures to improve their effectiveness” in 2021–2023. Materials and Methods: The material included the reports of veterinary laboratories on leptospirosis in recent years, as well as laboratory tests on samples carried out at the “SANA” research and development enterprise. During this period, 6,701 serum samples from farm animals and 86,651 serum samples from rodents were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The serological results showed antibody titers in the blood of 6.32% of cattle, 5.4% of sheep, 4.2% of horses, and 1.8% of pigs. The highest number of positive samples were found in Turkestan (12.3%), Almaty (11.7%), and Kyzylorda (11.4%) regions. Infection in rodents was lower and ranged from 0.34% to 0.07% during these years. The population of leptospira-causing diseases of animals on the territory of the country is represented by 8 serogroups. Studies in 2022 on the detection of pathogenic leptospires by polymerase chain reaction in 350 samples of blood serum from animals and 350 samples of biomaterial from rodents from different regions of Kazakhstan were negative. Conclusion: Studies conducted as part of this work will help reduce the incidence of disease among the population and animals in Kazakhstan. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 439-448, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k793
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effects of smokeless nicotine on blood physiology, biochemical, and histological alterations using Labeo rohita as a model organism Texto completo
2024
Ahmad, Shabbir | Akmal, Hasnain | Ali, Sajid | Jafar, Kamran | Shoaib, Muhammad | Shahzadi, Muqadas | Akram, Iqra | Jaffari, Taqi Shahid | Ahmad, Irfan | Mehmood, Arva | Shahzad, Khurram
Objective: The present research was conducted to evaluate the negative effects of nicotine powder on the blood physiology, and biochemical and histological alterations of Labeo rohita. Materials and Methods: Fish were divided into four groups (1–4). Fish groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to different concentrations of nicotine, such as 0.75, 1.25, and 1.75 mg/l, while group 1 acted as a control. To find out the long-term impact of nicotine on body physiology, we conducted a 42-day experiment. After the completion of the experiment, hematology, biochemical assays, and histology were done. Results: Results revealed a considerable increase in HGB, red blood cells, WBCs, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width -SD, procalcitonin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, globulin, thyroid stimulating hormone, BUN, creatinine, and blood glucose levels, whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, RDW, platelet, high-density lipoprotein, albumin, total proteins, and T3 levels were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased in exposed fish as compared to control group fish. Histological alterations showed that exposure to smokeless nicotine causes deleterious and degenerative effects in the liver, kidney, and gills of exposed fish. Conclusion: Nicotine administration in fish results in adverse effects on different biochemical and hematological parameters and causes histological alterations in some vital organs of exposed fish. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 463-473, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k796
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Detection and quantification of heavy metals and minerals in poultry feed collected from selected local markets in Bangladesh Texto completo
2024
Islam, Md Khirul | Sachi, Sabbya | Quadir, Quazi Forhad | Sikder, Mahmudul Hasan | Faruque, Muhammad Omar | Miah, Mohammad Alam | Islam, Md Shafiqul | Sani, Arif Hossen | Baishya, Pollab | Rafiq, Kazi
Objective: The study was primarily conducted to assess the stakeholders’ knowledge regarding the contamination caused by heavy metals in poultry feedstuffs. The concentration of some heavy metals (lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel) and macro-minerals (sodium, potassium, and calcium) was also analyzed in poultry feeds collected from selected local markets in Sherpur district, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A well-structured questionnaire survey was used to investigate different stakeholders’ perspectives in relation to metal contamination in feed. Heavy metals and calcium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The flame emission spectrophotometric technique was applied to determine sodium and potassium. Results: The majority of the stakeholders (90%) were found to have no knowledge regarding heavy metal contamination. Lead and nickel concentrations were below the detectable level in the collected samples. The average concentration of chromium in Jhenaigati upazila was four times higher than in Nalitabari upazila, at 21.806 mg kg−1 and 5.452 mg kg−1, respectively. The concentrations of cadmium in both brand and nonbrand samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit set by the European Union at 1.329 mg kg−1 and 1.328 mg kg−1, respectively. Sodium, potassium, and calcium were found in the ranges of 0.0011%–0.0035%, 0.0010%–0.0013%, and 0.0080%–0.0305%, which were extremely low in concentration compared to the minimum requirement in poultry feed. Conclusion: Regular surveillance and governance systems should be incorporated into national policy to cease the hazardous impacts of heavy metals through feed contamination. From a nutritional viewpoint, poultry feeds need to be critically formulated. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(1): 47-54, March 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k746
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Histological and histochemical features of the mature female reproductive tract of local breed dog (Canis familiaris) Texto completo
2024
Abood, Dhyaa Ab | Dawood, Mohammed Sulaiman | Yousif, Noor Hussein | Karim, Abdulkarim Jafar
Objective: Many studies focused on clinical cases such as ovariohysterectomy of bitches and scarcely mentioned the histological features. The present study describes the cytoarchitecture characteristics of a local dog’s mature adult reproductive tract. Materials and Methods: Sixteen samples of uterus and cervix were obtained from local breed bitches to conduct this study. The organs were processed according to routine histopathological protocol and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and combined Alcian blue (2.5 pH) and PAS (AB-PAS) stains. Results: The mature endometrium formed numerous short epithelial folds and epithelial crypts composed of mucous cells and cuboidal cells. The core of the endometrium is composed of fibrous tissue containing fibroblasts with discernible active uterine glands. The myometrium is constructed by thick, circularly, and longitudinally oriented layers of smooth muscle fibers. The AB-PAS stain of the uterine glands revealed light-neutral glycoprotein. The cervix had a very thick wall and displayed numerous huge mucosal folds, covered by ciliated and non-ciliated pseudo-stratified epithelium. The tissue core of the cervix was very thick, and composed of highly cellular, highly vascular, and non-glandular fibrous connective tissue. Layers forming the muscularis of the cervix are composed of circularly, obliquely, and longitudinally oriented smooth muscle bundles. The cervical epithelial cells revealed a light film of neutral glycoprotein that covered the epithelial surface, and the goblet cells denoted strong acidic mucopolysaccharide. Conclusions: The current study concluded that the most mature nonpregnant local breed dogs during the proestrus and estrus phases had an active endometrial architecture that is suitable for the management of reproduction. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 835–845, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k835
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effects of edible bird’s nest and EDTA on cadmium toxicity exposed rats’ embryo production, quality, and pre- and post-embryo transfer pregnancy rates Texto completo
2024
Mohammed, Anmar Jasim | Yimer, Nurhusien | Jesse, Faez Firdaus Abdullah | Jaafar, Wan Nor Fitri Wan | Husna, Ainu
Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the prophylactic potential of EBN compared to EDTA in mitigating Cd's toxic effects on pregnancy rates and embryonic development in rats. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight female rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into donor and recipient groups, with donors further divided into seven subgroups, including negative control, Cd-exposed, EBN-treated, and EDTA-treated groups. Embryos from donors were transferred to recipient rats, with EBN and Cd administered for 4 weeks and EDTA given only in the last 5 days for the donor group. Results: Results showed significant differences in pregnancy rates and blastocyst quality. EBN at 120 mg/kg BW led to higher blastocyst production and better quality compared to Cd-exposed groups. The highest pregnancy rates in recipient groups correlated with the highest blastocyst scores from donors. Conclusion: EBN at 120 mg/kg demonstrated significant protection against Cd toxicity and its effect on pregnancy rates, embryo production, quality, and pre- and post-embryo transfer, surpassing the effects of both 90 mg/kg EBN and EDTA. This study provides empirical evidence in support of the conventional belief in the positive impact of EBN on female reproduction. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(4): 944–953, December 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k844
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Rabies in equids in Sudan Texto completo
2024
Ali, Yahia H. | Mohieddeen, Tenzeil A.G. | Abdellatif, Muaz M. | Ahmed, Baraa Mohammed | Saeed, Intisar K. | Attaalfadeel, Husham M. | Ali, Amani A. | Northern Border University, Arar, saudi arabia
Rabies in equids in Sudan Texto completo
2024
Ali, Yahia H. | Mohieddeen, Tenzeil A.G. | Abdellatif, Muaz M. | Ahmed, Baraa Mohammed | Saeed, Intisar K. | Attaalfadeel, Husham M. | Ali, Amani A. | Northern Border University, Arar, saudi arabia
Rabies is endemic in Sudan with continuing outbreaks occurring annually, the most common animals affected are dogs, followed by goats and equids. This work focused on equid rabies, to elucidate the current situation of the disease through analysis of reports of equid rabies outbreaks in Sudan during 2010–2022 supported by laboratory confirmation of the disease. During the study period, 66 animals were affected during 35 equid rabies outbreaks. The highest incidences were found in Al Gezira (30.3%), followed by Darfur (24.2%) and Kordofan (15.2%). The highest incidence rate was observed during 2018 (33.3%), followed by 2015 (16.7%). Within seasons, the highest incidence rate was reported during October – December (33.3%), followed by July – September (30.3%). Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between rabid animals and year, season, and state. Wald statistics demonstrated that year and season had a significant association with the disease. Virus antigen was identified (72.2%) in brain tissues using the fluorescent antibody test. Viral nucleic acid was amplified (n = 6) with a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay.Contribution: As equids are kept in close contact with humans and other animals in the country, according to the present investigation, equid rabies in Sudan is a potential public health concern, emphasising the importance of implementing effective control measures.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Rabies in equids in Sudan Texto completo
2024
Yahia H. Ali | Tenzeil A.G. Mohieddeen | Muaz M. Abdellatif | Baraa Mohammed Ahmed | Intisar K. Saeed | Husham M. Attaalfadeel | Amani A. Ali
Rabies is endemic in Sudan with continuing outbreaks occurring annually, the most common animals affected are dogs, followed by goats and equids. This work focused on equid rabies, to elucidate the current situation of the disease through analysis of reports of equid rabies outbreaks in Sudan during 2010–2022 supported by laboratory confirmation of the disease. During the study period, 66 animals were affected during 35 equid rabies outbreaks. The highest incidences were found in Al Gezira (30.3%), followed by Darfur (24.2%) and Kordofan (15.2%). The highest incidence rate was observed during 2018 (33.3%), followed by 2015 (16.7%). Within seasons, the highest incidence rate was reported during October – December (33.3%), followed by July – September (30.3%). Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between rabid animals and year, season, and state. Wald statistics demonstrated that year and season had a significant association with the disease. Virus antigen was identified (72.2%) in brain tissues using the fluorescent antibody test. Viral nucleic acid was amplified (n = 6) with a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay. Contribution: As equids are kept in close contact with humans and other animals in the country, according to the present investigation, equid rabies in Sudan is a potential public health concern, emphasising the importance of implementing effective control measures.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]