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GLP-1 localisation and proglucagon gene expression in healthy and diabetic mouse ileum Texto completo
2018
Taşçı Serap Koral | Bingöl Seyit Ali
GLP-1 localisation and proglucagon gene expression in healthy and diabetic mouse ileum Texto completo
2018
Taşçı Serap Koral | Bingöl Seyit Ali
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a polypeptide that is mainly produced by intestinal L cells and is encoded by the proglucagon gene. In this study, GLP-1 localisation was investigated in the ileum of healthy and diabetic mice by immunohistochemistry and proglucagon gene expression was assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]GLP-1 localisation and proglucagon gene expression in healthy and diabetic mouse ileum Texto completo
2018
Taşçı, Serap Koral | Bingöl, Seyit Ali
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a polypeptide that is mainly produced by intestinal L cells and is encoded by the proglucagon gene. In this study, GLP-1 localisation was investigated in the ileum of healthy and diabetic mice by immunohistochemistry and proglucagon gene expression was assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This study included 18 male Balb/c mice that were divided into diabetic, sham, and control groups. Mice in the diabetic group received 100 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Immunohistochemical expression of GLP-1 was determined using the avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex technique, and proglucagon gene expression was determined by RT-PCR. Analysis of GLP-1 immunohistochemical localisation showed that GLP-1-immunopositive cells (L cells) were present between epithelial cells in the intestinal crypts. The intensity and localisation of GLP-1 immunoreactivity were similar among the mice in all the groups. Proglucagon gene expression levels were also statistically similar among the mice in all the groups. No difference was demonstrated among the mice in the diabetic, sham, or control groups with respect to proglucagon gene expression and GLP-1 localisation in the ileum, suggesting that diabetes does not affect proglucagon gene expression in the ileum.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Saponin-based Mycoplasma bovis vaccine containing lysozyme dimer adjuvant stimulates acute phase response in calves Texto completo
2018
Dudek Katarzyna | Bednarek Dariusz
Saponin-based Mycoplasma bovis vaccine containing lysozyme dimer adjuvant stimulates acute phase response in calves Texto completo
2018
Dudek Katarzyna | Bednarek Dariusz
Mycoplasma bovis is known as a causative agent of many disorders in cattle. In Europe, there is still a lack of commercial vaccines against M. bovis infection. Acute phase response (APR) is a non-specific host reaction to infection, most seen in changes in production of acute phase proteins. The aim of this study was to analyse APR in calves administered with an experimental M. bovis vaccine.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Saponin-based Mycoplasma bovis vaccine containing lysozyme dimer adjuvant stimulates acute phase response in calves Texto completo
2018
Dudek, Katarzyna | Bednarek, Dariusz
Mycoplasma bovis is known as a causative agent of many disorders in cattle. In Europe, there is still a lack of commercial vaccines against M. bovis infection. Acute phase response (APR) is a non-specific host reaction to infection, most seen in changes in production of acute phase proteins. The aim of this study was to analyse APR in calves administered with an experimental M. bovis vaccine. Twelve healthy female calves were divided into two equal groups: experimental and control. The experimental vaccine containing the field M. bovis strain and two adjuvants such as saponin and lysozyme dimer was subcutaneously administered to the experimental group. Phosphate buffered saline was taken as the placebo and given to the control group by the same route as the vaccine. Blood samples were collected prior to the study (day 0), then daily up to day 7, and then each seven days until day 84 post vaccination. The concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and inteleukin-4 (IL-4) were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Following the vaccination, a significant increase in SAA, Hp, and IFN-γ concentrations was observed when compared to the unvaccinated calves, whereas the IL-4 concentration was not detectable. The experimental saponin-based M. bovis vaccine containing lysozyme dimer adjuvant visibly stimulated the APR in the calves, and some specific cytokines (Th1-dependent) directly involved in this response.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Influence of hydrogen-rich saline on hepatocyte autophagy during laparoscopic liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury in miniature pigs Texto completo
2018
Bai Ge | Li Hui | Ge Yansong | Zhang Qianzhen | Zhang Jiantao | Chen Mingzi | Liu Tao | Wang Hongbin
Influence of hydrogen-rich saline on hepatocyte autophagy during laparoscopic liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury in miniature pigs Texto completo
2018
Bai Ge | Li Hui | Ge Yansong | Zhang Qianzhen | Zhang Jiantao | Chen Mingzi | Liu Tao | Wang Hongbin
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) against liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Influence of hydrogen-rich saline on hepatocyte autophagy during laparoscopic liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury in miniature pigs Texto completo
2018
Bai, Ge | Li, Hui | Ge, Yansong | Zhang, Qianzhen | Zhang, Jiantao | Chen, Mingzi | Liu, Tao | Wang, Hongbin
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) against liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury. Eighteen miniature pigs were randomly divided into three groups: a sham operated group (sham group, laparoscopic liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury group (IRI group), and a hydrogen-rich saline intervention group (IRI + HRS group). Samples of hepatic tissue and serum were collected at the time of reperfusion and then 3 h, 1 d, and 3 d post reperfusion. Liver function, oxidative stress, autophagy-related mRNA genes, and protein expression were evaluated. Changes in cell and tissue ultrastructure were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the sham group, the level of autophagy of hepatocytes increased in the IRI and IRI + HRS groups, corresponding to high oxidative stress and severe liver function injury. Liver function, antioxidant content, autophagy levels, and liver injury were improved after intervention with HRS in the IRI + HRS group compared with the IRI group. Intervention with hydrogen-rich saline could exert a protective effect against liver ischaemia-reperfusion combined resection injury through the reduction of oxidative stress and hepatocyte autophagy.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental Nerium oleander toxicity in rats and mice Texto completo
2018
Khordadmehr, Monireh | Nazifi, Saeed
Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental Nerium oleander toxicity in rats and mice Texto completo
2018
Khordadmehr, Monireh | Nazifi, Saeed
Nerium oleander is a plant of the Apocynaceae family toxic to humans, animals, and insects. This study was performed to determine the cardiac and neurotoxicity of the plant extract by oral administration in Wistar rats and Balb/c mice and to compare the susceptibility of these animal models to oleander toxicity. Four groups of eight mice and eight rats received N. oleander extract orally while a fifth group was the control. Serum concentrations of the biochemical toxicity indicators, namely troponin and creatine kinase (CK), were determined and histopathological evaluation of the heart and brain was performed. In mice, CK and troponin concentrations were respectively 1.5 and 7 times higher than in the control group (P < 0.05), while in rats, they were 6–7 and 11 times higher. Hyperaemia, haemorrhage, and myofibrolysis, without infiltration of inflammatory cells, were observed in the heart. In the brain the authors observed hyperaemia associated with perivascular and perineuronal oedema, and in higher-dosed rats multifocal haemorrhagic and liquefactive necrotic lesions. Oleander can affect serum levels of CK and troponin due to nervous and cardiac injuries. Rats showed more severe changes in the biochemical indicators and histopathological lesions than mice. Therefore, biochemical and pathological findings indicate that Wistar rats are more susceptible to the cardiac toxicity and neurotoxicity effects of N. oleander poisoning than Balb/c mice.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Study of troponin, creatine kinase biomarkers, and histopathological lesions in experimental Nerium oleander toxicity in rats and mice Texto completo
2018
Khordadmehr Monireh | Nazifi Saeed
Nerium oleander is a plant of the Apocynaceae family toxic to humans, animals, and insects. This study was performed to determine the cardiac and neurotoxicity of the plant extract by oral administration in Wistar rats and Balb/c mice and to compare the susceptibility of these animal models to oleander toxicity.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Cell viability in normal fibroblasts and liver cancer cells after treatment with iron (III), nickel (II), and their mixture Texto completo
2018
Terpiłowska, Sylwia | Siwicka-Gieroba, Dorota | Siwicki, Andrzej Krzysztof
Cell viability in normal fibroblasts and liver cancer cells after treatment with iron (III), nickel (II), and their mixture Texto completo
2018
Terpiłowska, Sylwia | Siwicka-Gieroba, Dorota | Siwicki, Andrzej Krzysztof
Introduction: Nickel and iron are very commonly occurring metals. Nickel is used in industry, but nowadays it is also used in medical biomaterials. Iron is an element necessary for cell metabolism and is used in diet supplements and biomaterials, whence it may be released along with nickel. Material and Methods: BALB/3T3 and HepG2 cells were incubated with iron chloride or nickel chloride at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1,400 µM. The following mixtures were used: iron chloride 200 µM plus nickel chloride 1,000 µM, or iron chloride 1,000 µM plus nickel chloride 200 µM. The cell viability was determined with MTT, LHD, and NRU tests. Results: A decrease in cell viability was observed after incubating the BALB/3T3 and HepG2 cells with iron chloride or nickel chloride. A synergistic effect was observed after iron chloride 1,000 μM plus nickel chloride 200 μM treatment in all assays. Moreover, the same effect was observed in the pair iron chloride 200 μM plus nickel chloride 1,000 μM in the LDH and NRU assays. Conclusions: Iron (III) and nickel (II) decrease cell viability. Iron chloride at a concentration of 200 µM protects mitochondria from nickel chloride toxicity.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Cell viability in normal fibroblasts and liver cancer cells after treatment with iron (III), nickel (II), and their mixture Texto completo
2018
Terpiłowska Sylwia | Siwicka-Gieroba Dorota | Siwicki Andrzej Krzysztof
Introduction: Nickel and iron are very commonly occurring metals. Nickel is used in industry, but nowadays it is also used in medical biomaterials. Iron is an element necessary for cell metabolism and is used in diet supplements and biomaterials, whence it may be released along with nickel.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Early cytokine response after vaccination with Coxiella burnetii phase I in an infected herd of dairy cattle Texto completo
2018
Małaczewska, Joanna | Kaczorek-Łukowska, Edyta | Szymańska-Czerwińska, Monika | Rękawek, Wojciech | Wójcik, Roman | Niemczuk, Krzysztof | Siwicki, Andrzej Krzysztof
Early cytokine response after vaccination with Coxiella burnetii phase I in an infected herd of dairy cattle Texto completo
2018
Małaczewska, Joanna | Kaczorek-Łukowska, Edyta | Szymańska-Czerwińska, Monika | Rękawek, Wojciech | Wójcik, Roman | Niemczuk, Krzysztof | Siwicki, Andrzej Krzysztof
Introduction: Coxiella (C.) burnetii, the aetiological agent of Q fever, is able to modulate the macrophage/T-lymphocyte axis in an infected organism and impair synthesis of monokines and lymphokines. Material and Methods: The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of the cytokines that play a key role in the response to C. burnetii antigens (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α) in the serum of animals originating from an infected herd prior to vaccination (day 0) and at 1, 7, and 21 days afterwards. Results: The vaccination of animals did not affect the production of IL-6, IL-1β, or IL-2. The serum levels of these cytokines were too low to measure in most of the samples. The initial levels of TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-10 were higher in seropositive than in seronegative animals, although significant differences between seropositive shedders and seropositive nonshedders appeared only in the levels of IFNγ and IL-10. Additionally, the course of the post-vaccination response concerning these two cytokines was different among seronegative nonshedders, seropositive nonshedders, and seropositive shedders. Conclusion: It seems that analysis of the IFNγ and IL-10 concentrations in animal blood serum may have some practical value in an assessment of the health status of seropositive animals and post-vaccination response.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Early cytokine response after vaccination with Coxiella burnetii phase I in an infected herd of dairy cattle Texto completo
2018
Małaczewska Joanna | Kaczorek-Łukowska Edyta | Szymańska-Czerwińska Monika | Rękawek Wojciech | Wójcik Roman | Niemczuk Krzysztof | Siwicki Andrzej Krzysztof
Introduction:Coxiella (C.) burnetii, the aetiological agent of Q fever, is able to modulate the macrophage/T-lymphocyte axis in an infected organism and impair synthesis of monokines and lymphokines.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Plasma concentration of norepinephrine, β-endorphin, and substance P in lame dairy cows Texto completo
2018
Rodriguez, Alfredo Rosamel | Herzberg, Daniel Eduardo | Werner, Marianne Patricia | Müller, Heine Yacob | Bustamante, Hedie Almagro
Plasma concentration of norepinephrine, β-endorphin, and substance P in lame dairy cows Texto completo
2018
Rodriguez, Alfredo Rosamel | Herzberg, Daniel Eduardo | Werner, Marianne Patricia | Müller, Heine Yacob | Bustamante, Hedie Almagro
Lameness is a painful and debilitating condition that affects dairy cows worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma concentration of norepinephrine, β-endorphin, and substance P in dairy cows with lameness and different mobility scores (MS). A total of 100 Friesian and Jersey cows with lameness (parity range: 1–6; weight: 400–500 kg; milk yield: 22–28 L a day, and lactation stage less than 230 days) were selected. Animals were selected and grouped according to MS (MS 0–3; n = 25), and plasma concentration of norepinephrine, substance P, and β-endorphin was measured using ELISA. Cows with MS 3 had higher plasma concentrations of norepinephrine and substance P and lower plasma concentrations of β-endorphins when compared to MS 0 cows. Variations in plasma concentration of norepinephrine, substance P, and β-endorphin could be associated with intense pain states in dairy cows with lameness, but are insufficient to differentiate these states from the mildest pain states. Further studies are necessary in order to evaluate the potential use of these biomarkers in the detection of chronic bovine painful conditions.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Plasma concentration of norepinephrine, β-endorphin, and substance P in lame dairy cows Texto completo
2018
Rodriguez Alfredo Rosamel | Herzberg Daniel Eduardo | Werner Marianne Patricia | Müller Heine Yacob | Bustamante Hedie Almagro
Lameness is a painful and debilitating condition that affects dairy cows worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma concentration of norepinephrine, β-endorphin, and substance P in dairy cows with lameness and different mobility scores (MS).
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Treatment of selected canine dermatological conditions in Portugal – a research survey Texto completo
2018
Oliveira, Ana | Devesa, Joana S.P. | Hill, Peter B. | Silva, Vanessa | Poeta, Patrícia
Treatment of selected canine dermatological conditions in Portugal – a research survey Texto completo
2018
Oliveira, Ana | Devesa, Joana S.P. | Hill, Peter B. | Silva, Vanessa | Poeta, Patrícia
Introduction: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis often cause skin diseases in dogs. Material and Methods: An online survey was e-mailed to veterinary practices nationwide covering demographics, diagnosis methods, and oral and topical treatment options. Of the 740 surveys sent, 100 complete replies were obtained. Results: The majority of clinicians were unaware of the existence of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases guidelines or did not follow them (53%). Oral antibiotics were used universally for superficial bacterial folliculitis treatment, particularly amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%), cephalexin (94%), enrofloxacin (67%), or marbofloxacin (60%). For fold dermatitis (FD) and otitis externa (OE), oral antibiotics were also given as treatment in 88% and 82% of cases, respectively. Oral antifungals were often prescribed for generalised Malassezia dermatitis (85%), FD (70%), and OE (59%). S. pseudintermedius and M. pachydermatis were frequently treated topically, particularly with antibacterials or antifungals only, or a combination of antibacterials, antifungals, and glucocorticoids. Alternative options such as honey-based products were not frequently used. Conclusion: Our survey suggests that oral antibiotics are overused by Portuguese clinicians despite the spread of antibiotic resistant S. pseudintermedius. Oral antibiotics and antifungals are commonly prescribed for skin conditions manageable with topical treatments.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Treatment of selected canine dermatological conditions in Portugal – a research survey Texto completo
2018
Oliveira Ana | Devesa Joana S.P. | Hill Peter B. | Silva Vanessa | Poeta Patrícia
Introduction:Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis often cause skin diseases in dogs.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide treatment on growth performance, immune organ index, and blood parameters of Sprague-Dawley rats Texto completo
2018
Zhong, Youbao | Zhang, Xianlai | Hu, Xiaofen | Li, Yong
Effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide treatment on growth performance, immune organ index, and blood parameters of Sprague-Dawley rats Texto completo
2018
Zhong, Youbao | Zhang, Xianlai | Hu, Xiaofen | Li, Yong
The study was designed to investigate the effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment on growth performance, lymphoid organ indexes, and blood cells in Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty healthy weaned Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly equally divided into LPS and control groups. Each rat in the LPS group was injected via the caudal vein with LPS (100 μg/kg b.w.) for 10 days, and the control group was treated with an equal volume of normal saline. On the 1ˢᵗ, 4ᵗʰ, 7ᵗʰ, and 10ᵗʰ days, growth performance, lymphoid organ indexes, and blood cells were evaluated in five necropsied rats. When rats were treated 3–10 times with LPS, their body weight and average daily gains increased more slowly than in the control group (P < 0.05). Repeated LPS treatment significantly increased spleen weight and the ratio of spleen to body weight (P < 0.05). White blood cells, neutrophils, and neutrophil percentage increased (P < 0.05) remarkably, but lymphocyte percentage, haemoglobin, and blood platelet counts decreased significantly (P < 0.05). LPS treatment obviously suppresses growth and promotes peripheral immune organ proliferation. It is indicated that host protective mechanism can be activated by multiple small doses of LPS and prevents organs from further damage during stress status.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide treatment on growth performance, immune organ index, and blood parameters of Sprague-Dawley rats Texto completo
2018
Zhong Youbao | Zhang Xianlai | Hu Xiaofen | Li Yong
The study was designed to investigate the effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment on growth performance, lymphoid organ indexes, and blood cells in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from the Ternopil region in Ukraine Texto completo
2018
Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from the Ternopil region in Ukraine Texto completo
2018
Lyme borreliosis/Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is one of the most common vector-borne diseases transmitted by ticks. A total of 136 Ixodes ricinus ticks, collected in the Ternopil (Ukraine) region, including 126 adults (70 females and 56 males), and 10 nymphs were examined. The identification of the species and their developmental form was based on morphological characteristics. PCR with B5S-Bor and 23S-Bor primers resulted in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA amplification among six ticks (4.4%). The detailed analysis based on the DNA sequencing showed the presence of DNA of Borrelia afzelii in four samples; the remaining two represented Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, although their genospecies were not determined. The research confirmed the dominance of Borrelia afzelii genospecies in the ticks from Ukraine. It seems reasonable to undertake similar research in ticks from other regions of Ukraine. Knowledge in this field can be useful for public health and planning the prevention of tick-borne diseases.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from the Ternopil region in Ukraine Texto completo
2018
Weiner Marcin | Żukiewicz-Sobczak Wioletta | Tokarska-Rodak Małgorzata | Plewik Dorota | Pańczuk Anna | Siłuch Marta | Zagórski Jerzy | Sobczak Paweł | Chmielewski Tomasz | Tylewska-Wierzbanowska Stanisława | Shkilna Mariia | Korda Mykhailo | Klisch Ivan | Andreychyn Mykhailo | Pavliuk Mariana
Lyme borreliosis/Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and is one of the most common vector-borne diseases transmitted by ticks.
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