The aim of present work were to investigate the carrier state to foot and mouth disease virus in vaccinated cattle (vaccinated carriers) and unvaccinated cattle (unvaccinated carriers). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was employed to detect FMDV from esophageal and pharyngeal fluid samples collected from both vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle. Results have been shown that the persistence of FMDV is significantly higher in unvaccinated cattle in comparison to vaccinated animals. It have been concluded that high vaccination trials were play a role in the elimination of carrier status from cattle.

The present study was carried out to determine the vascularization of long bone in laboratory animal. Fourty healthy guinea pigs have been used and the result showed that, at 10 days old embryo showed newly differentiated blood cells at the future cartilaginous template. At age of 25-35 days only the osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts and osteocytes were seeing. At 43 old embryos the hematopoiesis and vascularization were clearly by formation free blood cells and newly formed blood vessels in the marrow cavity. At 54 old day embryo the hematopoiesis was increased and the differentiation of immature white blood cells was noticed at age of 65 day. At the postnatal periods showed a nutrient artery within marrow cavity.

Human platelet lysates (HPL) have been described as appropriate cell culturesupplement for cultures of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The increase in demandfor harmless and animal-free cultures of MSCs is related to the potential applicationof MSCs grow in human source supplementsIn this study, human platelet lysates are derived from fresh and expired blooddonor platelet concentrates. Mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellswere cultured with one of three culture supplements; fetal bovine serum, lysates fromfresh and expired prepared human platelet concentrates. The impacts of these plateletderived culture supplements on basic mesenchymal stem cell characteristics wereevaluated. All cultures preserved the mesenchymal stem cells surface markerexpression, growth carves and viability test. The result demonstrated thatmesenchymal stem cells complemented with platelet lysates proliferated faster thanconventional FBS cultured cells and increased the expression of the cells. Inconclusion, the use of fresh and expired platelet units from blood banks to prepareplatelet lysates for the culture of MSCs is appropriate as well as keep cells phenotypecharacteristics and also shortens culture time by increasing their growth.

The present research was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of twodifferent levels of Ground Olive leaves (5% and 10 %) in diet on levels of reproductivehormones like Testosterone , Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and LuteinizingHormone (LH) in male rabbits, twenty one male rabbits with body weight average 1-1.4 Kg and 4.5-5 months age have been bought from the local markets and theydivided randomly to three similar groups and fed on concentrate pellets diets withgreen roughage , the male Rabbits have been divided in 7 animals /group with equalweights. The 1st group (T1) control group was offered tap water and fed concentratepellets without ground olive leaves , The 2nd one (T2)(5% Ground Olive leaves / diet)offered tap water and fed concentrate pellets with 5% Ground Olive leaves /diet , whilethe 3rd one(T3)(10% ground Olive leaves)offered tap water and fed concentrate pelletswith 10% ground olive leaves /diet and the nutrition were been continuedalong 8weeks . In this study we measured the role of use ground Olive leaves in rabbits malediet on levels of hormones like testosterone, FSH,LH in blood along the period ofexperiment.The results showed decrease in Testosterone level in serum significantly(P<0.05) while a significant increase (P<0.05)in LH level occur and there is accountdifferences in FSH level that produced from pituitary gland.We concluded that the useof ground Olive leaves have impact on fertility of rabbits males throughit'sdisruption in biosynthesis or intervention with production of hormones in genital system of Rabbitsmale.

Local strain bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum IRQ12 isolated from cucumbersativuspickle registered in (GenBank LN871447) and another standard strain, IRQ12strain was mutated by UV light (254 nm) for (50 cm) distance for different periods 20,25, 30, 35 and 60 second, RAPD – PCR test was done to investigate the effect of UVlight onL.plantarum genes and determine the genetic distant. The ability ofstandard andlocal mutated bacteria to decrease the amount of cholesterol was determined in MRSbroth–EY mediawhich was (4.6 mg/ml), the cholesterol amount was decreased at 25swhich was0.35 mg/ml in a decreased percentage 92.3%, followed by 60s and 35s whichwere 0.43and 0.45mg/ml in a decreased percentage 90.6% and 90.2%, respectively.

A total of 313 Orbiculate batfishes Platax orbicularis were studied from the Iraqi marine watersat the shallow tip of the Arabian Gulf during the period from March to September 2015. Thisspecies is an omnivore (planktivorous) which migrate between surface and bottom for feedingactivity. Length –Weight relationship and growth rate were calculated for the 222 specimens.The highest growth rate calculated was 5.16 which occurred at length group 23-27cmequivalent to age group I+. The Iraqi marine waters were indicated as feeding ground but notspawning ground.

Zizyphusspina-christi has a common name in Iraq "Nabka",it has been used intraditional medicine.The present study was designed to elucidate the protective effect ofaqueous extract of ziziphusspina Christi on hepato and haematotxicity induced byparacetamol in adult male rabbits. Eighteen adult male rabbits were divided randomly into 3groups of 6 rabbits each and were treated for four weeks as follows:control group, second(T1) groupreceived orally (300 mg/kg B.W.) of paracetmoldailyand third (T2) Groupreceivedorally (200 mg/kg B.W.) of crude extraction of zizyphyusspinadaily with (300 mg /kg B.W.)of paracetmoldaily. The results indicated that paracetamol administration induced hepato andhaematotoxcity manifested by significant(P<0.05) elevation in liver enzymes (AST and ALT)and reduction in total protein and albumin concentration with significant (P<0.05)decrease inRBC, Hb, PCV, MCH, MCHC and Neutrophiles whereas it increase in WBC, MCV,Lymphocyte and monocytes as a compared with control group.On the other hand, animalstreatment with aqueous extract of zizyphusspinachristiin group T2 showed a significantameliorated in biochemical andhaematologicalparameters change induce by paracetamol.Itcould be concluded that oral administration of Zizyphusextract have hepatoprotectiveand antianemicrole agonist hepato and haematotoxicity induce by paracetamol.

The present study was conducted during the period between September 2017and March 2018 to detect Toxoplasma gondii in meat. A total number of 387 blood,meat and minced meat were collected from cattle, sheep, goat and buffalo carcasses atslaughter house and butcher markets in Basra city. Molecular and serological methodswere applied to detect the infection of T. gondii by using PCR and ELISA tests for allthese samples. The results of ELISA showed that 25.32% of samples were positive,while 15.762% were positive for PCR test. Sheep showed the highest positive resultsfor ELISA and PCR tests (33.036%, 22.321% respectively) flowed by goat (29.333%,18.667%), cattle (25.439%,14.912%) and buffalo (11.628%, 4.651%) respectively.Positive ELISA and PCR results for minced meat (37.113%, 25.773% respectively)were higher than meat from both butcher markets (27.778%, 18.519%) andslaughterhouse (17.582%, 9.89%) respectively, while the results of ELISA and PCRconducted for blood analysis were 17.582% and 6.593% respectively. Highertoxoplasmosis ratio (32.195%, 21.951%) for ELISA and PCR respectively forsamples collected from butcher markets in the present study.