The study was conducted in Collage of Veterinary Medicine Basrah University,to evaluate the effect of proanthocyanidin and ranitidin on gastric ulcer, haematological and biochemical parameters changes by using female rabbits with acute gastric lesions induced by indomethacin.The study done on (30)adult female rabbits, their weight ranged between (1500-2000.0mg); divided into five groups, each group consist of six rabbits as the following: Group1:- healthy (negative control group) administrated normal saline (0.9 of normal saline) for 10 days; Group 2:-given indomethacin 75mgkg B.W. for two days(positive control group); Group 3:- at first given indomethacin 75mgkg B.W. for two days, then treated with proanthocyanidin(PA) 100mgkg B.W. for 10 days; Group 4, initially given indomethacin 75mgkg for two days, then treated with proanthocyanidin(PA) 200mgkg for 10 days; Group 5, given indomethacin 75mgkg for two days, then treated with ranitidin 50mgkg for10 days.The results showed that proanthocyanidin(PA) and ranitidin caused significant reduction (P≤0.05) in gastric volume, ulcer area, serum MDA, gastric tissue MDA while significant increase (P≤0.05) in mucin and gastric pH. It also revealed significant decrease (P≤0.05) in glucose concentration in rabbits treated with proanthocyanidin compared to positive control group while showedno-significant change in glucose concentration in rabbits treated with ranitidine compared with positive control group. It also, showed significant increase (P≤0.05) in Red Blood Cell(RBC),Hemoglobin(Hb) andMean Corpuscle hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) in rabbit treated with proanthocyanidin or ranitidin, while there was significant decrease (P≤0.05) in Mean Corpuscle Volume(MCV) in rabbits treated with proanthocyanidin in dose of 100mgkgand ranitidine in a dose of 50mg/kg with non-significant change of MCV in female rabbits with gastric ulceration treated with proanthocyanidin at dose 200 compared with positive control group.It showed non-significant changes in White Blood Cell (WBC) of female rabbits with gastric ulceration treated with proanthocyanidin compared with positive and negative control groups, while the results showed significant decrease (P≤0.05) in WBC of female rabbits with gastric ulceration treated with ranitidine group compared with positive and negative control groups and the other groups. The study revealed significant decrease (P≤0.05) in total cholesterol, triglyceride, Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL) and very Low Density Lipoprotein(VLDL) of female rabbits with gastric ulceration treated with proanthocyanidin and ranitidine group compared with positive control group while it showed significant increase (P≤0.05) in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in rabbits treated with proanthocyanidin and ranitidine group compared with positive control group. It is concluded that proanthocyanidin extract of the grape seeds(Vitis vinifera)displayed good antiulcer activity, hypoglycemia effect, amelioration of heamatological parameters and improve dyslipidemia corroborating the folk use of Vitis vinifera preparations, and contributing for its pharmacological validation.

The present study was done to determine and evaluate the effect of X-ray irradiation on the testicular tissue of rabbits those were exposed for a long time. Ten male rabbits, 8-9 months old and their weight approximately two kg. Rabbits were exposed to X-ray irradiation for two months/ twice daily. Blood parameters and testosterone hormone were measured within 20th, 40th, and 60th days after exposure. Orchictomy were done by surgical methods after 60th days for histopathological examination. The results revealed highly changes in testis such as atrophy, hyper atrophy, blood vessel congestion and suppression of spermatogenesis, blood parameter also changed and testosterone levels reach to zero at 60th days after exposure. In concluding that the persistence of X-ray exposure caused deterioration and passive effects on testicular tissue and other organs of rabbits.

The present work is designed to study the anatomical features of the paranasal sinus in local goat(Capra hircus) to distinguish and describe the types of the paranasal sinuses. Five heads of local goat were collected are used in this study , Used of silicone casts and imaging in order to study the shape, position of sinuses . The study revealed that the paranasal sinuses are ventilated spaces connected to the nasal cavity. They develop as blind ending pouches between the lamina of the bones of the skull or are a series of cavities arranged one after another like pyramidal shapes consists of five sinuses. which cavities are frontal , maxillary, lacrimal, palatine, conchal sinuses with absence of sphenoid sinus . The frontal sinus lies above the eyes (above the orbits) and have two types larger lateral and smaller medial, Maxillary sinus is large and located under the cheeks, while the lacrimal sinus is very small located in the dorsal part of the lacrimal bone . The palatine sinus is located in the hard palate. There are three conchal sinuses located inside three conchae of nasal cavity. The dorsal, ventral ,middle conchal sinuses located inside dorsal ,ventral ,middle nasal concha respectively , the dorsal conchal sinus longer than ventral and middle conchal sinuses. The aim of study to identify the morphological features of the paranasal sinuses and relation between them and with other regions. in the Iraqi local goat because veterinary importance and its effect on public health. INTRODUCTION Goats are a popular large animal model because they can be easily obtained and bred. Over the past decades, they have been used to study immunoserology, microbiology, biological products, gene transfer and tissue-engineering repair of bony defects and for teaching and biomedical research and for surgical training.( 1, 2). The paranasal sinuses of goat are a series of cavities arranged one after another. These cavities are frontal , maxillary, lacrimal,palatine, conchal sinuses. The Frontal sinus, Consists of spaces within the bones between the cranial cavity and the nasal cavity divided into two parts, smaller medially and larger laterally ,while the Maxillary sinus, are the largest sinus is divided by the infraorbital canal into medial and lateral parts. The lateral partion is larger and extends caudally into the lacrimal bulla; while the medial portion located medial to the infraorbital canal , is continuous with the palatine sinus ;Lacrimal sinus are relatively small and lies near the frontolacrimal junction, The Palatine sinus Communicate with the maxillary sinus through a wide maxillopalatine opening and three conchal sinuses (dorsal, middle, ventral) formed by concha of nasal cavity ( 3,5). This sinuses are cavities lies in the interior at some bones of the skull .the walls of the sinuses are composed of compact bone and are lined by a muco- periosteum (muco-endosteum) which is continuous with the nasal cavity( 3,8). Anatomical features of the paranasal sinuses and relation between them and with other regions in the Iraqi local goat were aimed in this study.

Ninety six for each healthy(n=96)and atopic,(n=96)individuals duals from the same geographical region, paired by sex and age, their sera specific IgE antibodies were estimated by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test (ELISA) and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction based onHLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 andHLA-DRB1*12. The specific IgE based on ELISA results revealed that Out of 96 only59 (61.5%) of atopic patients were sensitive to CR allergen. The association between sensitivity to CR allergen and age was considered to be not statistically significant (P>0.05).However the higher rate of CR allergens sensitivity(62.9%) was observed in first age group(

The current study was conducted on extracted Azadirachtaindicaneem seeds oil using the ethanol, it was measured effectiveness inhibitory of neem seeds oil extraction in different concentrations of 0.001 and 0.003 unit/ml compared with commercial neem oil, known (Azadirachtin) concentration of 0.002 unit/ml on the Hayalomma Spp. The study was conducted on six calves were selected randomly with different ages ranging from 4-6 months in the veterinary clinic in Baghdad / Diyala bridge area. The animals were divided into three group with 2 animals each, namely control group that treated with 0.002 neem oil (Azadirachtin 3.000 ppm) and treatment groups 1 and 2 were treated with neem oil with concentration of 0.0001 and 0.0003 respectively. The parasitic infestation of Hayalomma Spp was confirmed in the laboratory diagnosis and the presence of ticks in addition to the clinical symptoms of infected calves.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of seeds oil of AzadirachtaIndica(Neem) on Hyalomma Spp eliminate on the Cows. Results showed high efficiency of neem oil concentration 0.003 unit/ml as an anti-ticks, where there was a decline of the number of parasites since of the first day to the fourth day of the treatment that showed the mean number of parasites isolated 18.0, 15.8, 3.5 and 0.0respectively, compared with concentration of 0.001 and control group with significantly reduced of the parasites number P< 0.004at 0.05. Also, the most important result showed that there was no side effects of the high concertation of 0.003 of neem oil to treat the infected animals. In conclusion, the concentration 0.003 of neem showed the best extraction to eliminate the parasites without effects of animals’health status.

Water extract of castor bean was prepared and injected in mice in order to study the effect of acute phase of toxicity (in different doses) on living tissue, for these reasons, 24 male white mice were divided equally into 4 groups. The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups were injected with the aqueous extraction of the castor seeds subcutaneously with 20, 30 and 60 mg/Kg of body weight, respectively, while the 4th group used as control group. After 24 hrs. the internal organs showed degenerative changes and proteintious material in the spleen and kidney, also these organs in addition to liver and stomach showed inflammatory reaction in their parenchyma. The lesions in the examined internal organs were mild in a dose of 20 mg/Kg B.W. and more sever lesions seen in a dose of 60 mg/kg of body weight.

Leishmania major glycoprotein 63 (lmajgp63) gene was used in this study as DNA vaccine candidates. Gene was inserted into VR1012 plasmid by using standard molecular biology protocols, resulting in preparation of lmajgp63/VR1012 plasmid. Vaccine either used as naked or gold particles coated DNA vaccine in immunization of females Balb/c mice. Animals were immunized at week 0, 2 weeks and 6 weeks. Dermojet needle free injector had been used to deliver gold particles coated DNA vaccine intradermally (I/D) while ordinary needle injection was used to deliver naked vaccine intramuscularly (I/M). Immune response for each vaccinated group were detected, two weeks after the third administration of the vaccines, by estimation of serum concentration of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ, as well as anti-soluble Leismania antigen (anti-SLA) IgG titer, by ELISA test. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of DNA vaccines in induction immune response comparing to control groups (P

The goal of this research was to isolate, identify and characterize Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli and some other foodborne pathogens from randomly public distributedrestaurants in Basrah city, Iraq. Of the 134 bacterial isolates from restaurants samples, 36 wereconfirmed as S. aureus and out of 141 isolates, 72 were confirmed as E. coli using differentselective and enrichment bacteriological media. Data results of other microorganisms have beenexcluded from this study. However, result from this work indicates that preventive anddisinfectant plans should be considered to ensure contamination free restaurants for the betterhealth of all consumers.

Experimental study included 15 lambs which were divided into 3 groups; eachgroup consisted of 5 lambs. A commercial Case- Bac vaccine was used to vaccinategroup II, while others groups served as positive and negative controls. All lambs in groupII were received two doses of vaccine at four weeks interval. The lambs in groups II andIII were challenged S/C with 9 x 108 CFU virulent isolated strain of C.pseudotuberculosis.Humoral and cell mediated immune response were detected during the period ofexperiments, the temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate were determined weekly.The protection in vaccinated group was 100% against challenge dose, while in thegroup III one lamb died on fifth day post challenge. Pus was appeared in the rest of lambsat the site of injection.INTRODUCTION

Samples of the snails were collected from site in Al-Rasheed distract (30 km) southern ofBaghdad. Isolation, identification and acclimatization to laboratory circumstances made within thelaboratory. Several toxic parameters as NOEL, Threshold, different values of ED and LD weredetermined in this study. The ED50 of S. officinalis and Copper sulfates to B. truncatus were (8.8and0.04g/L) respectively. The LD50 of S. officinalis and Copper sulfates to B. truncatus were (20and 2.2 g/L) respectively.The study showed that the extracts of S. officinalis were less effectivethan CuSO4. The results improved that the toxicity of extracts was dose and time dependent. Thepresent work concluded to ability to use the target extracts in control of snails the middle host ofurinary Schistosomiasis.